雅思写作如何避免跑题.doc

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1、雅思写作如何避免跑题 雅思写作如何避免跑题?今天就给大家带来了雅思写作如何避免跑题，希望能够帮助到大家，下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。雅思写作如何避免跑题议论文题目的审题可以分成三部：1对应题目涉及的话题议论文的常考题目按照内容可以大致划分为：教育类：(如自学还是跟老师学，学广还是学精，是否参与课外活动)科技类：(高科技的发展是否缩小贫富差距)政府类(对罪犯的惩罚，政府的投资方向，老建筑的保留)经济类(全球化的好坏，跨国公司是否应该进驻)媒体广告类：(如电视节目对青少年是好是坏，广告好处多还是坏处多，)环境类：(如环境问题的治理个人和政府谁来参与)工作生活类：(如在大公司还是小公司，如食品烹

2、饪便捷是否提高生活质量)这些话题不是独立存在，互相之间会有交叉，所以拿到题目之后，先去锁定范围，然后对应之前整理过的题目，分析这类题目的常考话题以及角度，把方向性跑题扼杀在摇篮里。例：Some people believe that building more sports facilities is beneficial for the public health while some other think the practice has limited effects. Discuss both viewpoints and give your own opinion.通过这道题目，锁

3、定话题：政府类话题增建运动设施，确保大方向不要跑偏。2抓题中考点，缩小或者扩大范围还是这道题目：Some people believe that building more sports facilities is beneficial for the public health while some other think the practice has limited effects. Discuss both viewpoints and give your own opinion.通过刚刚的审题，已经找到话题，再具体到考点，题中问的是运动设施的增加是否有利于公众健康，所以我们考虑整个

4、题目的范围只能缩小到是否有利于公众健康上，如有同学说到运动设施可以美化环境，就已经跑题。再例如：Arts(painting and music) do not directly improve peoples life, so government should spend money on other important areas. Do you agree or disagree?依旧政府类话题，投资艺术。然后锁定考点，题中的观点是因为没有提升人们生活，所以不投艺术。根据这个观点，缩小话题范围，政府投不投艺术取决于是否能提升人们生活。如果有学生说到投资艺术可以促进国家间文化交流，就偏离了

5、话题。3树立个人立场根据题中立场，结合常识，树立个人立场。个人立场并没有任何规定。可以倾向于一方，也可以两方都有道理。但切记一定不可以极端。如例1，一些学生认为运动设施增加的确可以提升健康，但太单一。如例2，有学生觉得政府投资是要兼顾到艺术的。雅思写作：很多错误是这样产生的很多同学最爱用的高频句式，也是从小接触英语最开始的句型there be，可以说是人见人爱，在各种话题，大小作文中都通用的结构，可是，它也是很多同学经常不注意就出错的陷阱地方。比如说，我们想表达“有好几个原因导致了这个结果。”如果按照字面的意思直接翻译，很容易写成“There are several reasons lead

6、to the result.”这样的句子。这样一来，我们会发现，这个句子中出现了双谓语： are和 lead这种错误，我们可以通过提醒自己，在写there be句型时，be动词部分保持主谓一致，但其他的行为的描述我们去写非谓语或者从句。也就是说，刚才错误的句子我们可以改成There are several reasons leading to the result. 或者There are several reasons which lead to the result.大家可以立刻尝试下，结合非谓语或者从句翻译下面的句子：“有一些公司允许员工在家工作。”除了双谓语的这样的高频错误外，很多同学

7、在处理中文想说的比较长难的句子时候，也会因为直接翻译，而反映出中式英语或者很多语法错误，我们来看一个例子。“在生活中出现的问题可以解决，对未来有可能出现的麻烦进行规避。”你会怎么写这句话呢?曾经有同学写出过 “Life problems can solve, future trouble can prevent.”这样的翻译版本。各位同学如果仔细挑一挑错误，会发现，一个句子中出现了双主语，双谓语。那么，解决办法最简单的是把逗号变句号，写成两句话。或者进行相关的连接词的衔接，比如此句中可以加and来连接两个简单句。除了这个错误外，我们还会发现，问题自己怎么解决啊?麻烦自己怎么预防啊?所以，这种中

8、文说起来像主动，但是在英语表达中我们实际上需要被动的翻译，是大家要去多注意和检查的陷阱地方。如果对应中文直接翻译，就出现了多动词，语态不合理的问题了。所以这个句子应该改成Problems in life can be solved and trouble in future may be prevented.综上所述，很多的语法错误其实是因为直接对应中文进行翻译而产生的，如果各位同学可以在写作的过程中多注意这些陷阱，就可以减少错误出现的几率直至避免。雅思写作小作文图表题表达短语be composed of 由组成Team A was composed of five staff members

9、.A组是由5名队员组成的。近义：consist of. 由构成System B consists of six components.B系统是由6个元件组成的。in inverse proportion to. 成反比地The amount of money people save increases in inverse proportion to the amount they spend.人们省下的钱和他们花出的钱呈反比上升。反义：in proportion to. 成正比地The amount of energy consumed in this factory is in propo

10、rtion to its number of products.这家工厂消耗的能源和它生产的产品数量成正比。the corresponding figure(某个数字)在另一组数据中所对应的数字While spending increased for equipment and insurance, there were corresponding drops in expenditure on things such as books and on workerssalaries.设备与保险的支出增加，而书籍和工人工资等费用则出现了相应的减少。联想：Interestingly, . 有趣的是

11、，Interestingly，when there are three or more children in the household，men are found to work even fewer hours around the house.有趣的是，当家里 有三个或更多的孩子的时候，男人往往却会减少在家里千活的时间。联想：Not surprisingly, . 相应很自然的是，Not surprisingly, the number of cases of the disease dropped to approximately 1,700 in 20XX.很自然地，这种病的病例数

12、在20XX年降到了大约1700。whereas 而这个词经常被native speakers用来在书面的复杂句中引导从句，与主句形成对比The graph indicates that on average men had 52 hours of leisure per week whereas women only had approximately 39 hours.这张图表显示平均来说，男人每周可以拥有52个小时的休闲时间， 而女人只有39个小时。近义：while 而同时也经常用于在复杂句中引导从句，与主句构成对比More men than women hold qualificatio

13、ns at the lower and higher levels of education while more women reach undergraduate diploma level than men.越来越多的女性拥有本科学历，而男性则更多地集中在更高或更低的学历区间中。雅思写作小作文图表题表达短语reach a plateau 进入平稳状态By 2002, this improvement had reached a plateau.到了 2002年，这种上升势头开始进入了一个平稳的阶段。近义：level out (at. ) / maintain the same level

14、 /remain stable 维持在(某个水平上)The number of cases of the disease remained relatively stable in 20XX.在20XX年，该病的病例数量维持在一个稳定的水平上。反义：fluctuate around. / fluctuate between.andTheir total leisure time per week fluctuated between 22 hours and 35 hours.他们每周的空闲时间在22个小时到35个小时间上下波动。.is predicted. 某现象很可能将出现A more d

15、ramatic rise is predicted between 2020 and 2025.到2020年至2025年期间可能会出现一个戏剧性的增长。近义：is anticipated. 某现象预期将发生A hike (n. 上升)in the oil price is anticipated.石油价格预期将会增长。联想：is projected to. / is forecast to. 预计将会The figure is projected to reach 26.18% by 2050.到2050年，这个数字将会达到26.18%。exceed. 超过.The energy availa

16、ble exceeded the energy demand from the late 1960s to the early 1980s.从60年代末到80年代初期，能源一直是供大于求的。近义：surpass. 超过The growth rate of Molosop is expected to surpass that of Densaunt by 2035.Molosop的增长率被预测在2035年将超过Densaunt的增长率。double (可以作形容词、名词或者动词) 两倍/翻倍The company profits doubled in 1998.这家公司在1998年寿一番。近义

17、：be twice as many as. 两倍于The number of consumer complaints in 2005 was twice as many as that in 2001.2005年中顾客投诉的数量是2001年数量的两倍。联想：be three times as many as. / be four times as many as.是某事物的三倍/四倍The number of hospitals in this region is three times as many as that in Laneo.这个地区医院的数量是Laneo的三倍。be in sta

18、rk contrast with. 与形成鲜明的对比This is in stark contrast with 1990 when 60% of those who held an undergraduate diploma were men.这和1990年时 60% 的本科学历持有者是男人的事实形成了鲜明的对比。近义：is in marked contrast with. 与形成明显的对比This new trend is in marked contrast with the trend it experienced in the 1980s.这种新的潮流和在80年代曾流行的潮流形成了明

19、显的对比。联想：over the following. days / months / years 在之后的某段时间里The number of patients fell sharply over the following three months.在之后的三个月里，病人的数量急剧下降。is only marginally more.than. 与相比仅是略微更Thus we can see that the new organization is only marginally more efficient than the old one.所以我们能看出这个新的机构与旧的那家相比也只是

20、略微更高效一点。近义：is only fractionally more. than. 与相比仅稍微更The aging of the population is only fractionally faster than that in the last decade.如今人口老龄化的速度相比上个十年来说只是稍微加速了一点。反义：is considerably more.than. 远比更加Keolhos birth rate is considerably higher than that of Nowsba.Keolho的出生率远比Nowsba的要高。雅思写作小作文图表题表达短语see

21、an upward trend 呈现出上升的趋势The housing market saw an upward trend in 2003.房地产市场在2003年呈现出了上升的趋势。反义：witness a downward trend 呈现出下降的趋势The prices of consumer goods witnessed a downward trend.消费品的价格呈现出下降的趋势。联想：see an opposite trend 呈现出相反的趋势In contrast, the cost of furniture and equipment saw an opposite tre

22、nd.相比之下，家具和设备的费用则呈现出相反的趋势。rocket to. 急速上升至The petrol price (汽油价格)rocketed to a record high.汽油价格急速飞升到了历史最高纪录。近义：soar to. 飞速上升至The rate of heart disease soared to 79 per 1，000 people.患心脏疾病的比例飞速上升至79%。peak at. 在某位置到达最高点The figures show that the unemployment rate peaked at 9.8% in October.数据显示失业率在十月份达到了

23、最高点9.近义：reach the highest point 到达最高点The crime rate rose throughout (在整个)the 1990s and reached the highest point in 2001.犯罪率在整个九十年代都在不断上升，直到2001年达到了顶峰。a slump 下挫There was a slump in the demand for new cars in 20XX.对于新车的需求在20XX年有所下挫。近义：a decline 下降There was a substantial decline in the unemployment r

24、ate. 失业率有了显著的下降。fall consistently from. to. 从持续下降到After 20XX，housing prices in the UK fell consistently through 20XX.从20XX年到20XX年英国的房价一直在持续下降。近义：fall continuously from. to. 从持续降至The criminal-offence rate fell continuously from 2001 to 20XX.刑事犯罪率从2001年开始到20XX年，一直持续下降。plummet to 骤降至That number rose to

25、 3,900 by 2004 and then plummeted to 760 by 20XX.这个数字在2004年达到了 3900,然后到了 20XX年却陡然骤降到760。近义：drop swiftly to. 快速下降至The number of full-time jobs generated by the retail industry dropped swiftly to 14,000.零售业所提供的全职岗位数量驟降至14000。反义：go up steeply to 迅速升至Then the interest rate went up steeply to 4.2%.然后利率迅速升至4.2%。bottom out 降至最低点The government claimed that the recession (衰退)had bottomed out.政府宣称经济衰退已经要触底反弹了。近义：drop to its lowest level 降至最低点Inflation dropped to its lowest level in five years.通货膨胀率降到了近5年来的最低点。雅思写作如何避免跑题