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1、雅思阅读机经真题解析之南极气候 如果你的剑桥雅思阅读已是烂熟于心，那么这一系列的雅思阅读机经真题真的很适合你，下面给大家带来了雅思阅读机经真题解析-南极气候，希望能够帮助到大家，下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。雅思阅读机经真题解析-南极气候Antarctica-in from the cold?A A little over a century ago, men of the ilk of Scott, Shackleton and Mawson battled against Antarcticas blizzards, cold and deprivation. In the name o
2、f Empire and in an age of heroic deeds they created an image of Antarctica that was to last well into the 20th century - an image of remoteness, hardship, bleakness and isolation that was the province of only the most courageous of men. The image was one of a place removed from everyday reality, of
3、a place with no apparent value to anyone.B As we enter the 21st century, our perception of Antarctica has changed. Although physically Antarctica is no closer and probably no warmer, and to spend time there still demands a dedication not seen in ordinary life, the continent and its surrounding ocean
4、 are increasingly seen to an integral part of Planet Earth, and a key component in the Earth System. Is this because the world seems a little smaller these days, shrunk by TV and tourism, or is it because Antarctica really does occupy a central spot on Earths mantle? Scientific research during the p
5、ast half century has revealed - and continues to reveal - that Antarcticas great mass and low temperatureexert a major influence on climate and ocean circulation, factors which influence the lives of millions of people all over the globe.C Antarctica was not always cold. The slow break-up of the sup
6、er-continent Gondwana with the northward movements of Africa, South America, India and Australia eventually created enough space around Antarctica for the development of an Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACQ, that flowed from west to east under the influence of the prevailing westerly winds. Antarct
7、ica cooled, its vegetation perished, glaciation began and the continent took on its present-day appearance. Today the ice that overlies the bedrock is up to 4km thick, and surface temperatures as low as - 89.2deg C have been recorded. The icy blast that howls over the ice cap and out to sea - the so
8、-called katabatic wind - can reach 300 km/hr, creating fearsome wind-chill effects.D Out of this extreme environment come some powerful forces that reverberate around the world. The Earths rotation, coupled to the generation of cells of low pressure off the Antarctic coast, would allow Astronauts a
9、view of Antarctica that is as beautiful as it is awesome. Spinning away to the northeast, the cells grow and deepen, whipping up the Southern Ocean into the mountainous seas so respected by mariners. Recent work is showing that the temperature of the ocean may be a better predictor of rainfall in Au
10、stralia than is the pressure difference between Darwin and Tahiti - the Southern Oscillation Index. By receiving more accurate predictions, graziers in northern Queensland are able to avoid overstocking in years when rainfall will be poor. Not only does this limit their losses but it prevents seriou
11、s pasture degradation that may take decades to repair. CSIRO is developing this as a prototype forecasting system, but we can confidently predict that as we know more about the Antarctic and Southern Ocean we will be able to enhance and extend our predictive ability.E The oceans surface temperature
12、results from the interplay between doep- wa,ter temperature, air temperature and ice. Each winter between 4 and 19 million square km of sea ice form, locking up huge quantities of heat close to the continent.Only now can we start to unravel the influence of sea ice on the weather that is experienced
13、 in southern Australia. But in another way the extent of sea ice extends its influence far beyond V Antarctica. Antarctic krill - the small shrimp-like crustaceans that are the staple diet for baleen whales, penguins, some seals, flighted sea birds and many fish - breed well in years when sea ice is
14、 extensive and poorly when it is not. Mary species of baleen whales and flighted sea birds migrate between the hemispheres and when the krill are less abundant they do not thrive.F The circulatory system of the worlds oceans is like a huge conveyor belt, moving water and dissolved minerals and nutri
15、ents from one hemisphere to the other, and from the oceans abyssal depths to the surface. The ACC is the longest current in the world, and has the largest flow. Through it, the deep flows of the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans are joined to form part of a single global thermohalinc circulation.
16、During winter, the howling katabatics sometimes scour the ice off patches of the seas surface leaving Large ice- locked lagoons, or polynyas. Recent research has shown that as fresh sea ice forms, it is continuously stripped away by the wind and may be blown up to 90km in a single day. Since only fr
17、esh water freezes into ice, the water that remains bccom.cs increasingly salty and dense, sinking until it spills over the continental shelf. Cold water carries more oxygen than warm water, so when it rises, well into the northern hemisphere, it reoxygenates and revitalises the ocean. The state of t
18、he northern oceans, and their biological productivity, owe much to what happens in the Antarctic.Question 14-18The reading Passage has ten paragraphs A-J.Which paragraph contains the following information?Write the correct letter A-F, in boxes 14-18 on your answer sheet.14. introduction of a millman
19、 under awards15. the definition of an important geographical term16. a rival against Harrisons invention emerged17. problems of sailor encountered in identifying the postion on the sea18. economic assist from another counterpartQuestion 19-21SummaryPlease match the natural phenomenon with correct de
20、termined factor Choose the correct answer from the box; Write the correct letter A-F in boxes 19-21 on your answer sheet.19. Globally, mass Antarcticas size and _ influence the climate change.20. _ contributory to western wind.21. Southern Oscillation Index based on air pressure can predict _ in Aus
21、tralia.A Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC)B katabatic winds C rainfallD temperature E glaciersF pressureQuestion 22-26Choose the correct letter, A,B,C or D.Write your answers in boxes 22-26 on you answer sheet.22 In the paragraph B, the author want to tell which of thefollowing truth about Antarct
22、ic?A To show Antarctica has been a central topic of global warming in Mass mediaB To illustrate its huge see ice brings food to million lives to places in the worldC To show it is the heart and its significance to the global climate and currentD To illustrate it locates in the central spot on Earth
23、geographically23 Why do Australian farmers Keep an eye on the Antarctic ocean temperature ?A Help farmers reduce their economic or ecological lossesB Retrieve grassland decreased in the overgrazing processC Prevent animal from dyingD A cell provides fertilizer for the grassland24 What is the final e
24、ffect of katabatic winds?A Increase the moving speed of ocean currentB Increase salt level near ocean surfaceC Bring fresh ice into southern oceansD Pile up the mountainous ice cap respected by mariners25 The break of the continental shelf is due to theA Salt and density increaseB Salt and density d
25、ecreaseC global warming resulting a rising temperatureD fresh ice melting into ocean water26 The decrease in number of Whales and seabirds is due toA killers whales arc more active aroundB Sea birds are affected by high sea level saltyC less sea ice reduces productivity of food sourceD seals fail to
26、 reproduce babies篇章结构体裁说明文题目南极洲的自然环境及其对全球气候和水循环等的影响结构A段：之前的南极洲被人类遗忘，毫无价值B段：21世纪，人类对南极洲有了新的认识，发现它对气候，海洋环流有重大影响C段：南极洲气候变化是如何形成的D段：关于南极洲气候的预测对澳大利亚农业的影响E段：南澳大利亚的海冰对海洋生态（动物）的影响F段：南极海冰为北半球带来积极影响G段：南极洲的强大影响力得到人类肯定试题分析Question14-18题目类型：段落信息配对题Question19-21题目类型：填空题Question22-26题目类型：选择题题号定位词文中对应点题目解析14Weather
27、 prediction, agricultureD段第五，六句D段第五六两句提到“通过接收更为准确的预测，放牧人能够。这不仅会减少他们的损失，还可以阻止严重的草场退化”放牧人，草场等关键词可以表明这是气候预测对畜牧业（农业）的影响因此本答案为D15Sea ice, oceans vitalityF段倒数第二句F段倒数第二句中关键词“it reoxygenates and revitalizes the ocean” it（Antarctic sea ice）给海洋补充氧气和重新激活海洋因此本答案为F16Food chain, animals living patternE段最后两句E段第三句进
28、行转折了之后的两句，进一步说明Sea ice对海洋生物链的影响“Antarctic krill（that are the staple diet for baleen whales, penguins, some seals, flighted sea birds and many fish）在海冰充裕时，很丰富；当海冰减少时，数量减少导致许多长须鲸和海鸟离开”因此本答案为E17How, Atmosphere pressure, global climate changeC段最后一句C段首句说“南极洲并不总是很冷的”接着一步一步解释了南极洲气候变化形成的过程，最终katabatic wind为
29、全球制造了可怕的风冷却效果因此本答案为C18Once, forgotten, insignificantA段第三句A段第二句中对Antarctic的形容是“an image of remoteness , hardship, bleakness and isolation”这是一幅遥远，艰难，阴郁，与世隔绝的景象最后一句提到“one of a place removed from everyday reality, with no apparent value to anyone”是一个远离日常现实，对任何人没有明显价值的地方因此本答案为A19Antarcticas size, climate
30、 changeB段最后一句B段最后一句中总结“Scientific research revealed- and continues to reveals that Antarctics great mass and low temperature exert a major influence on climate and ocean circulation, ”因此本答案为D20Western windC段第二句C段第二句“create for the development of an ACC, that flowed from west to east under the influe
31、nce of the prevailing westerly winds.”最终发展形成的ACC影响盛行的西风从西向东流动因此本答案为A21Southern Oscillation Index, AustraliaD段第四句D段第四句“the temperature of the ocean may be a better predictor of rainfall than is Southern Oscillation Index”本句有一个比较级说明海洋的温度和southern oscillation index都是用来预测rainfall的因此本答案为C22Heart, signifi
32、cance, climate and currentB段最后一句B段最后一句中的a major influence on climate and ocean circulation正是it is the heart and its significance to the global climate and current的同义句因此本答案为C23Reduce, economic lossesD段第五句，第六句D段中第五句提到“通过接收更为准确的预测，当地放牧人能够避免在降雨量不足的时期过度放牧”紧接着第六句说“Not only does this limit their losses”这会减
33、少他们的损失因此本答案为A24Fresh ice, southern oceansF段第五句F段第五句中提到“Recent research has shown that as fresh sea ice forms, it is continuously stripped away ”这表明下沉狂风katabatics会造成新的海冰形成因此本答案为C25Salt, density increaseF段第六句F段第六句详细指出“因为只有新鲜的水才能结冻成冰，残留的水变得越来越salty and dense,下沉直到从continental shelf剥落而沉下去”因此本答案为A26Sea ic
34、e, food sourceE段最后一句E段尾句表明“当海冰减少时，krill不丰富时，baleen whales and flighted sea birds会离开，在南半球之间迁徙”因此本答案为C参考答案：Version24101主题南极洲气候14D15F16E17C18A19D20A21C22C23A24C25C26C雅思阅读词汇积累的基本方法在讲方法之前，我们先来谈谈积累。大家都知道雅阅读量大，生词多，学术类考试中有很多专业词汇，背单词是很多学生头疼却又不得不去做的一件事。官方说法是雅思阅读分数在6.5分左右水平的学生，雅思词汇量要求不能低于8500词汇，通常在阅读里不被拉低平均分的话
35、，我们学生一定要达到近1万的词汇量。那这么多的单词，我们怎么去短时间内迅速掌握呢?下面就给大家推荐几种方法，希望烤鸭们可以试用：1，合理选择背诵的词汇。基础词汇建议大学英语4.6级要求词汇。推荐这个词汇，是因为这两本书里要求的词汇很多都是平时在阅读中常用到的基础词，无论是对大学英语，雅思，还是托福，sat，等英语类考试，都是很基础的，这就好比一句话有10个词汇，其中7个词汇都是基础词，只有两个专业术语，这个时候如果你基础词不认识，你光认识术语，你还是不懂他在说什么，但是如果你不认识术语，你可以凭借语境去猜测，这样对*的理解就好很多。2，多背雅思考试真题阅读中的词汇，特别要记住形容词和动词。这个
36、很好理解，主要是需要大家利用动词和形容词进行合理分析*含义，名词有的时候我们完全可以不用知道，它并不是理解一句话的关键。举个例子： (雅思3-1-2)25 Smokers cardiovascular systems adapt to the intake of environmental smoke.这道题里，你完全不用知道cardiovascular systems是什么，你只需要去*定位这个单词，理解这句话的意思就可以做出题。你可以理解成，吸烟者的什么系统适应了环境中烟雾的吸入。这样就很方便你去做题了。3，选择背基词和词根记忆法。很多同学发现了，有些单词看起来很长，但是其实只要我们记住其
37、中的一个基词，那其他的单词都是它的衍生词。举个例子：disproportionately 这个词乍一看上去很长 很吓人，但仔细看你就会发现其实它是dis前词头+proportionate形容词成比例+ly惯用副词词缀 所构成的，这就是说明，只要我们认识proportion 这个词，其他的衍生词我们都能够猜出来。所以很多词根是学生们要主要背诵的。尤其是那些否定词缀 名词性词缀等特殊词根，更是重中之重。上图就是几个词根的意思和例子，还要很多常用的词根，在此就不一一列举了。4，多背诵，多做题，多看，7遍为一次记忆点。很多学生都说，老师这个单词我之前见过好几次了，现在又忘了。这样的情况大家一定都有过吧?这个其实就是你记得次数还没到，它很熟悉了，就差几遍就刻骨铭心了，当这个单词你背诵过7次以后，这个单词就永远记住了!这其实源自于我们大脑里的一个记忆曲线有关。所以，碰到这样的单词，写下来，再看几遍你就赢了!好了，今天就和大家分享一些背单词的经验，但是大家一定要记住，英语学习，考的不是智商，而是勤奋，背单词是一个辛苦活，但是有技巧的去背，会提高我们的效率。雅思阅读机经真题解析之南极气候
