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1、雅思高分学霸带你突破雅思阅读高难度题型 留学澳洲的雅思8分学霸为你带来自己的雅思阅读高分经验分享。今天给大家带来了雅思高分学霸带你突破雅思阅读高难度题型，希望能够帮助到大家，下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。雅思高分学霸带你突破雅思阅读高难度题型其实T/F/NG这类题的难度不算太大，要比heading和matching简单地多，通常这类题在原文中都能找到对应的语句，直接根据对应的1-2句原文就可以做出题目，不需要像heading那样对整个段落进行解读。首先我们来看一下同学们在T/F/NG这类题目上犯错的几个原因。1. 对同义词、语句的替换了解不够我认为这是最根本的原因。很多同学因为对单词和语法掌
2、握的不够扎实，在做阅读题时经常误解语句的意思。同义替换是雅思阅读的考察核心，无论哪一种题型都会大量涉及。比如在T/F/NG题目中，即使是答案为True的题目也往往会把原文中能替换的单词都替换掉。这也导致了很多同学抱怨：明明题目看起来和原文完全不同，答案怎么就是True呢?此外，对同义词、句的掌握还可以帮助我们快速定位原文中对应题目的内容，加快我们的做题速度和正确率。要想在这方面有所提高，我感觉最好的方法是在做题的时候总结同义词，把意思接近的词语、句子都记录下来反复看，记忆同义单词的同时理清语法结构，很多时候仅仅记住同义词是没用的，还要能够读懂*中的长难句才可以。我感觉这个方法比直接去看一些参考
3、书上总结的同义词好的多，那些书上列出的同义词经常缺乏语境，看完后很难记住，不知道该怎么用，而根据题目来记忆的话就没有这些问题了。但是要记住的一点是：阅读里的同义词不要拿到写作里用!但写作里我们掌握的同义词都可以带入到阅读中!这是因为很多时候阅读题的同义词只是在特定的环境下同义而已，而在写作中我们使用的通常是一些比较适用范围比较广的同义词，这个问题在我很多学生身上都有出现，他们想通过背诵一些阅读的同义词就把写作一起给准备了，结果反而出现大量的用词不当。下面我用剑桥OG的题目来做范例(剑4-11做腻了的同学可以试一下，这是另一套官方的备考材料，我感觉听力比剑桥系列稍简单，但阅读更难)。剑桥OG T
4、est 1阅读第6题：答案True题目：Archaeologists realized that the boat had been damaged on purpose.原文：The boat was not a wreck, but had been deliberately discarded, dismantled and broken.这道题目中原文的deliberately被替换成了on purpose，而discarded, dismantled and broken则被替换成了damaged。这道题中除了boat这个没法替换的词，其他的基本都被替换了。题目的意思是船被故意破坏了
5、，和原文的意思相同，所以这道题答案为True。2. 用联想和常识来做题 单词量不够不少同学在做阅读的判断题时，都会在读完题后，先入为主地认定它是True或者False，然后带着这种偏见来读*，这是他们会选择性地忽略和自己的偏见不一样的内容。还有的同学则是找到对应的原文中语句后，根据自己的常识对这些语句进行推断，然后此为基准来答题。这两种方法都是不可取的，雅思阅读考试通常是非常死板的，能根据原文进行联想的空间非常小。但是当单词量不够的时候，语句的意思我们只能靠自己的常识来猜测，这种时候怎么办呢?下面我还是用一个范例来解释。剑桥OG Test 1阅读第8题：答案False题目：Archaeolog
6、ists went back to the site to try and find the missing northern end of the boat.原文：The possibility of returning to Dover to search for the boats unexcavated northern end was explored, but practical and financial difficulties were insurmountable - and there was no guarantee that the timbers had survi
7、ved the previous decade in the changed environment.首先是同义词方面的分析，这道题目中原文的returning to被替换成了went back to，而Dover(地名)则被替换成了the site。原文的find 和missing分别被替换成了search for和 unexcavated。看到这里同学们可能会说，这两句话的意思看起来一样啊，怎么答案变成了False呢?这时候我们就要看一些具体的意思了，题目中是一个肯定句，意思可以简单理解为Archaeologists回到了Dover这个地方试着找东西，went 这个过去时表明他们已经回去，
8、这个动作在过去发生了(学好语法对阅读和写作都很重要)。而原文中则说的是人们研究了回去找东西的可能性后发现，实际操作和经济上的困难无法克服，并且没有保证某些东西仍然存在。原文表达的意思是回去找东西这个动作没有发生，和题目相违背，所以选择False。看到这里可能有的同学会问：我不知道insurmountable(无法克服)这个单词的意思怎么办?这个时候就要联系上下文了，根据but这个词我们可以知道，这句话是上一句话的转折，上一句既然说了人们研究了回去找东西的可能性，那么转折一般就是指这个不可行，相反如果可行的话*中就不会用but了。此外，后面的no guarantee(没有保证)表达的也是一个负面
9、的意思，进一步佐证了这个不可行。做阅读时不要一看到不认识的单词就害怕，像这个题即使我们不知道insurmountable这个关键词的意思，但根据上下文，仍旧可以推测出大致的意思。看不懂题就赶紧跳过但我上面说的这个方法不一定任何时候都好用。如果题目中的关键单词我们都不认识怎么办?其实方法很简单：赶紧做下一道题!雅思阅读的时间是很宝贵的，不能浪费在这种我们完全没有把握的题上。当看到一个题目我们完全读不懂时，就应该快速跳过，在看不懂的情况下再怎么纠结都是浪费时间。这种时候强迫症一定不要犯，我见过太多学生因为花大量的事件纠结一两道题，导致一些本来能做对的题没有时间做，考完向我大吐苦水。蒙题其实没什么规
10、律这里插入提供一个蒙题的基本规律：绝大多数情况下，4-5道判断题会有1-2个Not given选项，6-8道判断题则会有2-3个Not Given选项。此外T / F / NG三类题必定至少各有一个。而其他的所谓“规律”大多是谣言，很多培训班的老师说过F选项出现机率比NG高很多，所以在F和NG不确定的时候就选F，但我不太认同这种说法，其实这两种选项出现的次数非常接近，其实做多了就会发现，T/F/NG三项出现的频率是差不多的，可能T略微多一点点。下面上一个我对剑桥OG阅读题中判断题各个选项出现次数所做的统计。3. 对False和Not given的定义不了解从F和NG的基本定义来讲，F是指题目和
11、原文互相矛盾，而NG则是原文中存在没有提及的信息，或者根据原文无法推测出该信息。这项定义隐藏的意思就是：F和原文无法共存，而NG是可以和原文共存但我们不知道它能否存在(这话说起来真绕)。通俗易懂的解释就是：原文：孙杨今天在20XX年奥运会的男子个人400米自由泳项目上拿了银牌。题目：孙杨今天在20XX年奥运会的男子个人400米自由泳项目上拿了金牌。这两项明显存在矛盾，无法共存，所以应该选F。如果孙杨已经在这项赛事中拿了银牌，那他自然不可能再在同一项赛事中拿金牌。而当题目换成这样，答案就会变成NG。原文：孙杨今天在20XX年奥运会的男子个人400米自由泳项目上拿了银牌。题目：孙杨今天在20XX年
12、奥运会上拿了金牌(假设原文中没说孙杨今天都参加了什么比赛)。题目中只提到了在奥运会上拿了金牌，但有可能孙杨今天在奥运会上参加了多项比赛，有一项得到了金牌。所以根据原文的信息无法推断出题目给的信息是对还是错，这个题应当选NG。很多同学看到这里可能会反驳了，我今天看奥运会了啊，孙杨明明只参加了一项比赛!但这是雅思阅读题，我们只能根据原文给出的信息去做推测，而不能根据我们所知道的事实。下面我再用这两道例题来对比一下F和NG的区别。剑桥OG Test 1阅读第7题：答案False题目：Initially, only the technological aspects of the boat were
13、examined.原文：With hindsight, it was significant that the boat was found and studied by mainstream archaeologists who naturally focused on its cultural context. At the time, ancient boats were often considered only from a narrower technological perspective, but news about the Dover boat reached a broa
14、d audience.我们还是先看一下同义词方面，这道题的同义词较为简单，technological aspects被替换为technological perspective，而examined则有studied和considered两个意思相近的替换。从意思方面来分析，题目中说，考古学家最初只对该船的技术方面做了调查。Only这个词突出了只会在这一个方面做研究，是一种无法和其他方面共存的状态。而原文中则说，主流考古学家侧重研究这艘船的cultural context(文化背景)，那么这个明显和只研究technological aspects这个说法不共存，应该选择False。此外原文的下一句
15、还对这句话做了更详细的解释，但这也可能误导一些看题不仔细的同学。这句话的意思是，考古学家通常只对古代船只的技术方面进行研究，但更多的人会接收到关于Dover这艘船的报导。这里面but这个词表明实际情况和前半句相反，研究不会仅仅局限于技术方面。剑桥OG Test 1阅读第9题：答案Not Given题目：evidence found in 2004 suggested that the Bronze-Age Boat had been used for trade.原文：Archaeological evidence was beginning to suggest a Bronze-Age c
16、ommunity straddling the Channel, brought together by the sea, rather than separated by it.下面我们来看一道题目和原文可以共存的。题目中说，在2004年发现的证据表明，这艘青铜时代的船曾被用于贸易。而原文中提到的则很隐晦，考古学家发现的证据表明，一个青铜时代的群落跨过海峡两岸形成了，大海将他们连接在了一起，而不是分开他们。这道题目在原文中的信息太隐晦了，straddling the Channel和brought together表明海峡两岸的群落之间是有联系的，那是怎么联系的呢?肯定要用船啊!而这种联系一
17、般也包含了贸易，总不能光坐着船去对面做客吧。知道了题目背景后，我们可以分析一下这道题的共存状况。题目中说了这艘船曾被用于贸易，这个和原文中隐含的海峡两岸有贸易往来是可以共存的，也就是说这艘船确实可能被用于贸易。但问题是，原文中没有明确说明这艘船的用途，所以这道题的情况就算共存但我们不知道它是否存在。雅思阅读模拟题：Compliance or Noncompliance for ChildrenCompliance or Noncompliance for ChildrenMany Scientists believe that socialization takes a long proces
18、s, while compliance is the outset of it. Accordingly, compliance for education of children is the priority. Motivationally distinct forms of child compliance, mutually positive affect, and maternal control, observed in 3 control contexts in 103 dyads of mothers and their 26-41-month-old children, we
19、re examined as correlates of internalization, assessed using observations of children while alone with prohibited temptations and maternal ratings. One form of compliance (committed compliance), when the child appeared committed wholeheartedly to the maternal agenda and eager to endorse and accept i
20、t, was emphasized. Mother-child mutually positive affect was both a predictor and a concomitant of committed compliance. Children who shared positive affect with their mothers showed a high level of committed compliance and were also more internalized. Differences and similarities between childrens
21、compliance to requests and prohibitions (Do vs. Dont demand contexts) were also explored. Maternal Dos appeared more challenging to toddlers than the Dont. Some individual coherence of behavior was also found across both demand contexts. The implications of committed compliance for emerging internal
22、ized regulators of conduct are discussed.A number of parents were not easy to be aware of the compliance, some even overlooked their childrens noncompliance. Despite good education, these children did not follow the words from their parents on several occasions, especially boys in certain ages. Fort
23、unately, this rate was acceptable, some parents could be patient with the noncompliance. Someone held that noncompliance is probably not a wrong thing. In order to determine the effects of different parental disciplinary techniques on young childrens compliance and noncompliance, mothers were traine
24、d to observe emotional incidents involving their own toddler-aged children. Reports of disciplinary encounters were analyzed in terms of the types of discipline used (reasoning, verbal prohibition, physical coercion, love withdrawal, and combinations thereof) and childrens responses to that discipli
25、ne (compliance/ noncompliance and avoidance). The relation between compliance/ noncompliance and type of misdeed (harm to persons, harm to property, and lapses of self-control) was also analyzed. Results indicated that love withdrawal combined with other techniques was most effective in securing chi
26、ldrens compliance and that its effectiveness was not a function of the type of technique with which it was combined. Avoidant responses and affective reunification with the parent were more likely to follow love withdrawal than any other technique. Physical coercion was somewhat less effective than
27、love withdrawal, while reasoning and verbal prohibition were not at all effective except when both were combined with physical coercion.Noncompliant Children sometimes prefer to say no directly as they were younger, they are easy to deal with the relationship with contemporaries when they are growin
28、g up. During the period that children is getting elder, who may learn to use more advanced approaches for their noncompliance. They are more skillful to negotiate or give reasons for refusal rather than show their opposite idea to parents directly, Said Henry Porter, scholar working in Psychology In
29、stitute of UK. He indicated that noncompliance means growth in some way, may have benefit for children. Many Experts held different viewpoints in recent years, they tried drilling compliance into children. His collaborator Wallace Freisen believed that Organizing childs daily activities so that they
30、 occur in the same order each day as much as possible. This first strategy for defiant children is ultimately the most important. Developing a routine helps a child to know what to expect and increases the chances that he or she will comply with things such as chores, homework, and hygiene requests.
31、 When undesirable activities occur in the same order at optimal times during the day, they become habits that are not questioned, but done without thought. Chances are that you have developed some type of routine for yourself in terms of showering, cleaning your house, or doing other types of work.
32、You have an idea in your mind when you will do these things on a regular basis and this helps you to know what to expect. In fact, you have probably already been using most of these compliance strategies for yourself without realizing it. For children, without setting these expectations on a daily b
33、asis by making them part of a regular routine, they can become very upset. Just like adults, children think about what they plan to do that day and expect to be able to do what they want. So, when you come along and ask them to do something they werent already planning to do that day, this can resul
34、t in automatic refusals and other undesirable defiant behavior. However, by using this compliance strategy with defiant children, these activities are done almost every day in the same general order and the child expects to already do them.Doctor Steven Walson addressed that organizing fun activitie
35、s to occur after frequently refused activities. This strategy also works as a positive reinforcer when the child complies with your requests. By arranging your day so that things often refused occur right before highly preferred activities, you are able to eliminate defiant behavior and motivate you
36、r childs behavior of doing the undesirable activity. This is not to be presented in a way that the preferred activity is only allowed if a defiant child does the non-preferred activity. However, you can word your request in a way so that your child assumes that you have to do the non-preferred activ
37、ity before moving on to the next preferred activity. For example, you do not want to say something such as, If you clean your room we can play a game. Instead word your request like this, As soon as you are done cleaning your room we will be able to play that really fun game you wanted to play.Psych
38、ologist Paul Edith insisted praise is the best way to make children to comply with. This is probably a common term you are used to hearing by now. If you praise your childs behavior, he or she will be more likely to do that behavior. So, it is essential to use praise when working with defiant childr
39、en. It also provides your child with positive attention. However, it is important to know how to praise children in a way that encourages future automatic reinforcement for your child when doing a similar behavior.Question 27-31Choose the correct letter, A, B, C, or D.Write your answers in boxes 27-
40、31 on your answer sheet.27 The children, especially boys received good education mayA always comply with their parents wordsB be good at mathC have a high score at schoolD disobey their parents order sometimes28 Face to their childrens compliance and noncompliance, parentsA must be aware of the comp
41、lianceB ask for help from their teachersC some of them may ignore their noncomplianceD pretend not to see29 According to Henry Porter, noncompliance for childrenA are entirely harmfulB may have positive effectsC needs medicine assistanceD should be treated by expert doctor30 When children are growin
42、g up, theyA always try to directly say noB are more skillful to negotiateC learn to cheat instead of noncomplianceD tend to keep silent31 Which is the possible reaction the passage mentioned for elder children and younger ones if they dont want to comply with the orderA elder children prefer to refu
43、se directlyB elder ones refuse to answerC younger children may reject directlyD younger ones may save any wordsLook at the following people and list of statements below.Match each person with the correct statement.Write the correct letter A-G in boxes 32-35 on your answer32 Henry Porter33 Wallace Fr
44、eisen34 Steven Walson35 Paul EdithList of statementsA children of all ages will indirectly show noncomplianceB elder children tend to negotiate rather than show noncomplianceC converse behavior means noncomplianceD organizing fun activities to occur after frequently refused activitiesE organizing ch
45、ilds daily activities in the same order as much as possibleF use praise in order to make children compliantG take the children to school at an early ageQuestion 36-40Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage?In boxes 36-40 on your answer sheet, writeYES if the s
46、tatement is trueNO if the statement is falseNOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage36 Socialization takes a long process, while compliance is the prior research subject.37 Parents cognition and attitude to their childrens compliance or noncompliance are varied.38 Younger children ch
47、oose to be noncompliant because it may be simple to get along with the peers in the same age.39 Experts never tried drilling compliance into children.40 Psychologist Paul Edith negated the importance that knowing how to praise children in a encouraged way.篇章结构儿童的听从与不听从体裁：论说文结构：(一句话概括每段大意)A段：对于孩子听从和不
48、听从行为的探讨B段：家长在孩子听从和不听从行为中扮演的角色C段：英国心理学家对不听从行为表示理解以及反对者的观点D段：反对者认为孩子应该听从的理由E段：反对者给出如何让孩子听从的意见F段：新的学者提出鼓励在听从与不听从行为中的作用。试题分析：Question 27-40题目类型：单选题 (5题) 答案： D C B B CList of Statement人名配对 (4题) 答案：B E D FT/F/NG (5题)答案：NG Y Y N N参考译文：许多科学家认为社会化是一个长期的过程，而听从正是其开端。相应地，对于孩子的听从观念的教育就成为优先考虑的问题，通过对3个控制组中103对母亲和她们26至于4个月的孩子的观察，激发性的儿童听从模式和来自母亲的控制有相互的正面影响，
