雅思阅读高分技巧:速读新技能.doc

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1、雅思阅读高分技巧:速读新技能 什么是快速阅读?字面意思就是快速的阅读。今天给大家带来了雅思阅读高分技巧之速读新技能get,希望能够帮助到大家,下面就和大家分享,来欣赏一下吧。雅思阅读高分技巧:速读新技能get什么是快速阅读(fast reading)?就阅读方式而言,我们通常分成了精读和泛读两种,精读即按照字、词等少数几个单字为单位逐个阅读,这是我们从学习英语(论坛)以来,老师们最为驾轻就熟的一种方式,他们会带着我们从一篇*的第一个单词,逐字逐句的分析到最后一个单词,直到把这篇*分析得是体无完肤;而泛读则要求我们泛泛而读,不必那么精准的理解*,但是要求广、博、泛、快。而泛读里比较常用的一种阅读

2、方式就是快速阅读。快速阅读将被阅读的文字以组或行、块为单位进行大小不一的整体阅读,而“组”或“块”内所包含的往往可能是词组、半行、一行、多行甚至整页内容(我们称之为“意群”),它是一种让我们能够从文字材料中迅速接收信息的阅读法。没有经过训练的阅读者一般来说一分钟能读100200个单词,而经过训练后一般能达到300400单词/分,而有些个体则可能达到每分钟1000多,在我训练过多学生里,最快的能达到每分钟800字左右。快速阅读与雅思阅读考试的关系快速阅读是一种我们在生活中经常应用的一种阅读方法,无论是在浏览报纸,还是查询网络信息,随时随地我们都可能通过快速阅读获取有效信息。而快速阅读主要运用了两

3、种阅读技能:略读(skimming)和寻读(scanning)。而略读和训读在雅思阅读里都是频繁使用的阅读技能。接下来我们看看略读和训读在雅思阅读里是如何有效运用到雅思阅读里的。粗中有细做略读略读又被称为跳读或浏览,是指以尽可能快的阅读速度,有选择性地获取大意与信息,而*的非重点部分可以不读的阅读方式。略读时,因为速度快,理解水平略低是比较正常的现象,开始时平均理解率达到五成就可以了,经过有效的训练,通常能达到七八成。那么我们该怎么做略读呢?略读时我们应当运用两大技能:1. 按照意群浏览,而不是一个单词接一个单词地看,以减少眼球的移动。我们来看下面四个句子:World/science/is/d

4、ominated/today/by/a/small/number/of/languages。World science/is dominated today/by a small number of/languages。World science is dominated today/by a small number of languages。World science is dominated today by a small number of languages。第一句是一个单词一个单词的读,最后一句一气呵成,不难看出,什么样的读法更能体现速度,而且事实上,一个句子里,像副词、介词、冠

5、词等成分其实是大可不必看的,如果我们只抓主谓宾等成分,阅读效率就能大大得到提高。2. 紧抓段落的主题句。抓住主题句就等于掌握了段落大意,略去细节不读,以求得略读速度。这种看似很粗的阅读过程中,又隐含了对某些细节的掌握,比如主题句,比如一个句子里的关键词,因此,我们把这叫做粗中有细做略读。略读在雅思阅读考试中的运用非常广泛,当学生拿到一篇*时,他如果想要拿高分,首先要对*进行一个全面的概括性的了解,那么他就需要花一分钟左右对整篇*进行一个整体性的把握,这时就需要运用到略读;在做list of headings,段落加信息的匹配题,都可能运用到略读,尤其是段落加信息的匹配题需要我们快速浏览一个段落

6、,发现与题目相匹配的有用信息,没有这种快速阅读的能力,势必会浪费大量的时间,而且正确率还得不到保证。披沙拣金做寻读寻读又称查读,也就是说,在对*有所了解(即略读)后,读者在*中查找与某一问题、某一观点或某一单词有关的信息,寻找解题的可靠依据。寻读时,要以很快的速度扫视*,确定所查询的信息范围。在雅思阅读考试中,当我们明确了题目信息,需要从*里获取答案时,我们往往会选取一个两个定位词,到*中进行定位,而这种在1200-1800字的*中以最快速度找到定位词的能力就是寻读所必备的能力。作为一种快速寻找信息的阅读技巧,寻读既要求速度,又要求寻读的准确性。寻读时,我们的视线在*中扫描的速度极快,大部分的

7、信息都是一带而过,只有当我们所需信息出现时,从大量的沙子中以最优的效率挑选出里面的金子出来,这就是寻读能力。在雅思阅读中,学员要学会利用*的组织结构,以及题型与题型之间的联系,甚至是段落号等来提高寻读效率。*的组织都是有一定的规律的,如果拿到*时就先做好了略读,了解了*的架构以及信息组织顺序,那么在寻读时,我们的大定位就会非常省时,而且每一个大题与前一个大题之间的答案出现是有一定的关联的,这样我们在通过寻读定位时,还可以利用前一道大题以及本题内部联系进行。另外我们也要充分利用提示词,比如当我们寻找某个球队的背景时,我们可以把这两个球队的名字作为提示词,因为它们更为明显,更容易定位,他们附近去寻

8、找相关信息会更为节约时间。同样的道理,在雅思阅读里,经常也会有相似的提示词出现,参考提示词,有效的帮助我们拨开迷雾,看清真相。总而言之,当积累了一定的雅思阅读词汇后,精读训练只能提升我们做题的准确率,但在争分夺秒的雅思阅读考试现场,速读才是提分的关键。对于想要拿到雅思阅读高分的考鸭们,还是要赶紧突破自己的雅思阅读速度瓶颈,争取多快好省地完成雅思阅读题目。雅思阅读小范围预测*题目 The influence of social network to peoples loneliness重复年份 20XX0920 20XX0622题材 人文社科题型 配对 6+选择 4+判断 4*大意社交媒体对人孤

9、独的影响.越来越多的人开始使用社交媒体,有些人认为社交媒体使人变得更加孤独,有些人却不同意。在大学生中做了一个调查,结果表明孤独感与人们花时间在社交媒体上无关。社交媒体会使人变得焦虑,也会让人上瘾。*题目 Children and robots重复年份 20XX0305 20XX1002题材 科技题型 小标题 5+配对 5+填空 3*大意机器人对孩子学习的影响。主要讲到把机器人放在学校可以辅助老师还有陪学生玩,还可以让它们拥有表情促进交流,但是过度使用可能会造成伦 理问题,此外还提到了几个科学家和他们的观点。*题目 Typography Introduction of Printed book

10、s重复年份 20XX0312 20XX0127题材 发展史题型 判断 4+填空 9*大意 活字印刷的历史。两个德国人去 Italy 的一个地方,后来又搬去了罗马,之后很多商人就开始注意到印刷的潜在经济价值。参考答案:判断题:1. Early books have many errors F2. 活字印刷里就记得在 M.某个地方只有富人才买得起书 T3. 刚开始 printing 的书,插图 illustration T4. Business man in Roma begin to notice the value of printing can makemoney F填空题:5. 类似流程图

11、从上往下一步步说怎么印刷6-7. Assembling Fonts: sheet of paper8. 第 1 版是用来更正错误的 proof reading9. typespages are in right sequence10. Local newspapers 做宣传11-12. 问两种印刷方法的单词: binding and simulating13. They lived very near to the book industry雅思阅读模拟题:Why did a promising heart drug fail?Why did a promising heart drug f

12、ail?Doomed drug highlights complications of meddling with cholesterol.1. The failure of a high-profile cholesterol drug has thrown a spotlight onthe complicated machinery that regulates cholesterol levels. But manyresearchers remain confident that drugs to boost levels of good cholesterolare still o

13、ne of the most promising means to combat spiralling heartdisease.2. Drug company Pfizer announced on 2 December that it was cancelling allclinical trials of torcetrapib, a drug designed to raise heart-protectivehigh-density lipoproteins (HDLs). In a trial of 15000 patients, a safety boardfound that

14、more people died or suffered cardiovascular problems after taking thedrug plus a cholesterol-lowering statin than those in a control group who tookthe statin alone.3. The news came as a kick in the teeth to many cardiologists becauseearlier tests in animals and people suggested it would lower rates

15、ofcardiovascular disease. There have been no red flags to my knowledge, saysJohn Chapman, a specialist in lipoproteins and atherosclerosis at the NationalInstitute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) in Paris who has also studiedtorcetrapib. This cancellation came as a complete shock.4. Torcetr

16、apib is one of the most advanced of a new breed of drugs designedto raise levels of HDLs, which ferry cholesterol out of artery-clogging plaquesto the liver for removal from the body. Specifically, torcetrapib blocks aprotein called cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP), which normallytransfers

17、the cholesterol from high-density lipoproteins to low density,plaque-promoting ones. Statins, in contrast, mainly work by lowering the badlow-density lipoproteins.Under pressure5. Researchers are now trying to work out why and how the drug backfired,something that will not become clear until the cli

18、nical details are released byPfizer. One hint lies in evidence from earlier trials that it slightly raisesblood pressure in some patients. It was thought that this mild problem would beoffset by the heart benefits of the drug. But it is possible that it actuallyproved fatal in some patients who alre

19、ady suffered high blood pressure. If bloodpressure is the explanation, it would actually be good news for drug developersbecause it suggests that the problems are specific to this compound. Otherprototype drugs that are being developed to block CETP work in a slightlydifferent way and might not suff

20、er the same downfall.6. But it is also possible that the whole idea of blocking CETP is flawed,says Moti Kashyap, who directs atherosclerosis research at the VA Medical Centerin Long Beach, California. When HDLs excrete cholesterol in the liver, theyactually rely on LDLs for part of this process. So

21、 inhibiting CETP, whichprevents the transfer of cholesterol from HDL to LDL, might actually cause anabnormal and irreversible accumulation of cholesterol in the body. Youreblocking a physiologic mechanism to eliminate cholesterol and effectivelyconstipating the pathway, says Kashyap.Going up7. Most

22、researchers remain confident that elevating high densitylipoproteins levels by one means or another is one of the best routes forhelping heart disease patients. But HDLs are complex and not entirelyunderstood. One approved drug, called niacin, is known to both raise HDL andreduce cardiovascular risk

23、 but also causes an unpleasant sensation of heat andtingling. Researchers are exploring whether they can bypass this side effect andwhether niacin can lower disease risk more than statins alone. Scientists arealso working on several other means to bump up high-density lipoproteins by, forexample, introducing synthetic HDLs. The only thing we know is dead in thewater is torcetrapib, not the whole idea of raising HDL, says Michael Miller,director of preventive cardiology at the University of Maryland Medical Center,Baltimore.雅思阅读高分技巧:速读新技能

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