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1、雅思阅读高分要义 雅思阅读高分技巧是很多考生都需要在备考中逐渐了解的一些信息，这些信息使考生可以少走很多的弯路。今天给大家带来了雅思阅读高分要义,希望能够帮助到大家，下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧【雅思阅读高分要义】世间考试 唯快不破如何能在有限的时间里答完题并且保证高的准确率是考生们面临的一个难题，建议大家通过大量的阅读训练来提高雅思阅读速度的同时，改掉在阅读中的坏毛病来大家提高雅思阅读质量，这是最佳途径。在阅读材料的时候，扩大眼睛扫描的宽度，训练自己一眼看过，至少阅读到3-5个单词，而在定位一些特殊字体时要做到一目十行，一开始这样的标准并不容易达到，但是坚持下来就会有成果了。在雅思阅读速度
2、的练习过程中避免“指字阅读”(用手指、笔或者尺子引导阅读);不要“声读”(学生在阅读时轻声地读出每一个字)和“心读”(从表面看并无明显的声带运动，但考生在内心深处自己却清晰地发出并“听”着每个单词的音);避免“心译”(在阅读时，不是直接用英语模式理解阅读材料，而是以母语为媒介理解所读英语内容，即英语母语英语);避免“复视”(每读完后半部分时，又返回到前半部分，重读前半部分内容);不要“乱用工具书”(一遇到不熟悉的字词就频繁使用字典)，养成主动猜测陌生词句的意思的习惯。计时阅读 ，养成计时阅读的习惯，计时阅读每次进行5-10分钟即可，不宜太长。在加快阅读速度的同时努力迅速总结每段大意。雅思阅读模
3、拟练习及答案How shops can exploit peoples herd mentality to increase sales1.A TRIP to the supermarket may not seem like an exercise in psychological warfarebut it is. Shopkeepers know that filling a store with the aroma of freshly baked bread makes people feel hungry and persuades them to buy more food th
4、an they had intended. Stocking the most expensive products at eye level makes them sell faster than cheaper but less visible competitors. Now researchers are investigating how “swarm intelligence” (that is, how ants, bees or any social animal, including humans, behave in a crowd) can be used to infl
5、uence what people buy.2.At a recent conference on the simulation of adaptive behaviour in Rome, Zeeshan-ul-hassan Usmani, a computer scientist from the Florida Institute of Technology, described a new way to increase impulse buying using this phenomenon. Supermarkets already encourage shoppers to bu
6、y things they did not realise they wanted: for instance, by placing everyday items such as milk and eggs at the back of the store, forcing shoppers to walk past other tempting goods to reach them. Mr Usmani and Ronaldo Menezes, also of the Florida Institute of Technology, set out to enhance this ten
7、dency to buy more by playing on the herd instinct. The idea is that, if a certain product is seen to be popular, shoppers are likely to choose it too. The challenge is to keep customers informed about what others are buying.3.Enter smart-cart technology. In Mr Usmanis supermarket every product has a
8、 radio frequency identification tag, a sort of barcode that uses radio waves to transmit information, and every trolley has a scanner that reads this information and relays it to a central computer. As a customer walks past a shelf of goods, a screen on the shelf tells him how many people currently
9、in the shop have chosen that particular product. If the number is high, he is more likely to select it too.4.Mr Usmanis “swarm-moves” model appeals to supermarkets because it increases sales without the need to give people discounts. And it gives shoppers the satisfaction of knowing that they bought
10、 the “right” productthat is, the one everyone else bought. The model has not yet been tested widely in the real world, mainly because radio frequency identification technology is new and has only been installed experimentally in some supermarkets. But Mr Usmani says that both Wal-Mart in America and
11、 Tesco in Britain are interested in his work, and testing will get under way in the spring.5.Another recent study on the power of social influence indicates that sales could, indeed, be boosted in this way. Matthew Salganik of Columbia University in New York and his colleagues have described creatin
12、g an artificial music market in which some 14,000 people downloaded previously unknown songs. The researchers found that when people could see the songs ranked by how many times they had been downloaded, they followed the crowd. When the songs were not ordered by rank, but the number of times they h
13、ad been downloaded was displayed, the effect of social influence was still there but was less pronounced. People thus follow the herd when it is easy for them to do so.6.In Japan a chain of convenience shops called RanKing RanQueen has been ordering its products according to sales data from departme
14、nt stores and research companies. The shops sell only the most popular items in each product category, and the rankings are updated weekly. Icosystem, a company in Cambridge, Massachusetts, also aims to exploit knowledge of social networking to improve sales.7.And the psychology that works in physic
15、al stores is just as potent on the internet. Online retailers such as Amazon are adept at telling shoppers which products are popular with like-minded consumers. Even in the privacy of your home, you can still be part of the swarm.雅思阅读模拟练习及答案A.When Denis Hennequin took over as the European boss of M
16、cDonalds in January 2004， the worlds biggest restaurant chain was showing signs of recovery in America and Australia， but sales in Europe were sluggish or declining. One exception was France， where Mr Hennequin had done a sterling job as head of the groups French subsidiary to sell more Big Macs to
17、his compatriots. His task was to replicate this success in all 41 of the European countries where anti-globalisers favourite enemy operates.B.So far Mr Hennequin is doing well. Last year European sales increased by 5.8% and the number of customers by 3.4%， the best annual results in nearly 15 years.
18、 Europe accounted for 36% of the groups profits and for 28% of its sales. December was an especially good month as customers took to seasonal menu offerings in France and Britain， and to a promotion in Germany based on the game of Monopoly.CMr Hennequins recipe for revival is to be more open about h
19、is companys operations， to be “locally relevant”， and to improve the experience of visiting his 6，400 restaurants. McDonalds is blamed for making people fat， exploiting workers， treating animals cruelly， polluting the environment and simply for being American. Mr Hennequin says he wants to engage in
20、 a dialogue with the public to address these concerns.D.He introduced “open door” visitor days in each country which became hugely popular. In Poland alone some 50，000 visitors came to McDonalds through the visitors programme last year. The Nutrition Information Initiative， launched last year， put d
21、etailed labels on McDonalds packaging with data on calories， protein， fat， carbohydrates and salt content. The details are also printed on tray-liners.E.Mr Hennequin also wants people to know that “McJobs”， the low-paid menial jobs at McDonalds restaurants， are much better than people think. But som
22、e of his efforts have backfired： last year he sparked a controversy with the introduction of a “McPassport” that allows McDonalds employees to work anywhere in the European Union. Politicians accused the firm of a ploy to make cheap labour from eastern Europe more easily available to McDonalds manag
23、ers across the continent.F.To stay in touch with local needs and preferences， McDonalds employs local bosses as much as possible. A Russian is running McDonalds in Russia， though a Serb is in charge of Germany. The group buys mainly from local suppliers. Four-fifths of its supplies in France come fr
24、om local farmers， for example. (Some of the French farmers who campaigned against the company in the late 1990s subsequently discovered that it was， in fact， buying their produce.) And it hires celebrities such as Heidi Klum， a German model， as local brand ambassadors.G.In his previous job Mr Henneq
25、uin established a “design studio” in France to spruce up his companys drab restaurants and adapt the interior to local tastes. The studio is now masterminding improvements everywhere in Europe. He also set up a “food studio”， where cooks devise new recipes in response to local trends.H.Given Frances
26、 reputation as the most anti-American country in Europe， it seems odd that McDonalds revival in Europe is being led by a Frenchman， using ideas cooked up in the French market. But France is in fact the companys most profitable market after America. The market where McDonalds is weakest in Europe is
27、not France， but Britain.I.“Fixing Britain should be his priority，” says David Palmer， a restaurant analyst at UBS. Almost two-thirds of the 1，214 McDonalds restaurants in Britain are company-owned， compared with 40% in Europe and 15% in America. The company suffers from the volatility of sales at it
28、s own restaurants， but can rely on steady income from franchisees. So it should sell as many underperforming outlets as possible， says Mr Palmer.J.M.Mark Wiltamuth， an analyst at Morgan Stanley， estimates that European company-owned restaurants margins will increase slightly to 16.4% in 20XX. This i
29、s still less than in the late 1990s and below Americas 18-19% today. But it is much better than before Mr Hennequins reign. He is already being tipped as the first European candidate for the groups top job in Illinois. Nobody would call that a McJob.Questions 1-6Do the following statements reflect t
30、he claims of the writer in Reading Passage 1?Write your answer in Boxes 1-6 on your answer sheet.TRUE if the statement reflects the claims of the writerFALSE if the statement contradicts the claims of the writerNOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this1. McDonald was sho
31、wing the sign of recovery in all European countries except France after Denis Hennequin took office as the boss of Euro-markets.2. Starting from last year， detailed labels are put on McDonalds packaging and detailed information is also printed on tray-liners.3. France is said to be the most anti-Ame
32、rican country in Europe， but the ideas of the “open door” visiting days and “McPassport” are invented in the French market.4. Britain possesses the weakest McDonald market among European countries and approximately 1214 McDonalds restaurants are company-owned.5. According to David Palmer， a restaura
33、nt analyst at UBS， David Hennequin should treat the problem about McDonald in Britain as the most important thing.6. David Palmer suggested that the management of McDonalod in Italy should sell as many its outlets which lose money in business as possible for revival.Questions 7-10Choose the appropri
34、ate letters A-D and write them in boxes 7-10 on your answe sheet.7. The word “sterling” in line 3 of Paragraph A means_.A. difficultB. menialC. terribleD. excellent8. Which of the following statements on the accusation of MacDonald is NOT TRUE?A. It tends to make people fat.B. Its operations are ver
35、y vague.C. It tends to exploit workers.D. It tends to treat animals cruelly.9. Which of the following measures taken by Denis Hennequin produced undesired result?A. “Food Studio” scheme.B. “Open Door” visitor days.C. The “McPassport” scheme.D. The Nutrition Information Initiative.10. What did Denis
36、Hennequin do so as to respond to local trends?A. set up a “Food Studio” .B. established a “Design Studio”.C. hired celebrities as local brand ambassadors.D. employed local bosses as much as possible.Questions 11-14Complete each of the following statements (Questions 11-14) with words or number taken
37、 from Reading Passage 1.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 11-14 on your answer sheet.11. After January 2004， McDonald was making improvement following a period of slump in America and Australia， but sales in Europe were .12. Business of McDonald in France and
38、 Britain was particularly good in December since customers took to .13. Compared with other countries， France is McDonalds . next to America.14. . of McDonalds restaurants in America are companiedowned and the figure is much lower than that in Britain. Part IINotes to Reading Passage 11.sterling高质量的
39、e.g. He has many sterling qualities. 他身上有许多优秀的品质。2. menial 不体面的， 乏味的(工作、职业)3. spruce up打扮整齐、漂亮、装饰4. mastermind指挥、谋划(一个计划或活动)e.g. The police know who masterminded the robbery.警察知道是谁策划了那次抢劫。5. underperform表现不佳表现出低于标准的工作水平、企业出现亏本Part IIIKeys and explanations to the Questions 1-141. FALSESee the second
40、sentence in Paragraph A “One exception was France， where Mr Hennequin had done a sterling job as head of the groups French subsidiary to sell more Big Macs to his compatriots. His task was to replicate this success in all 41 of the European countries”.2. TRUESee the last sentence in Paragraph D “The
41、 Nutrition Information Initiative， launched last year， put detailed labels on McDonalds packaging with data on calories， protein， fat， carbohydrates and salt content. The details are also printed on tray-liners.”3. NOT GIVENSee Paragraph D， E and H “Given Frances reputation as the most anti-American
42、 country in Europe， it seems odd that McDonalds revival in Europe is being led by a Frenchman， using ideas cooked up in the French market.”.4. FALSESee the last sentence of Paragraph H and first sentence of Paragraph L “The market where McDonalds is weakest in Europe is not France， but BritainAlmost
43、 two-thirds of the 1，214 McDonalds restaurants in Britain are company-owned”5. TRUESee the first sentence of Paragraph I “Fixing Britain should be his priority，” says David Palmer， a restaurant analyst at UBS”.6. NOT GIVENSee the last sentence of Paragraph I “So it should sell as many underperformin
44、g outlets as possible， says Mr Palmer”.7. DSee the first sentence of Paragraph A “One exception was France， where Mr Hennequin had done a sterling job as head of the groups French subsidiary to sell more Big Macs to his compatriots”.8. BSee the second sentence of Paragraph D “McDonalds is blamed for
45、 making people fat， exploiting workers， treating animals cruelly， polluting the environment”9. CSee the second sentence of Paragraph E “But some of his efforts have backfired： last year he sparked a controversy with the introduction of a “McPassport” that allows McDonalds employees to work anywhere
46、in the European Union.”10. ASee the last sentence of Paragraph G “He also set up a “food studio”， where cooks devise new recipes in response to local trends”.11. sluggish or decliningSee the first sentence of Paragraph A “When Denis Hennequin took over as the European boss of McDonalds in January 20
47、04， the worlds biggest restaurant chain was showing signs of recovery in America and Australia， but sales in Europe were sluggish or declining.”12. seasonal menu offeringsSee the last sentence of Paragraph B “December was an especially good month as customers took to seasonal menu offerings in Franc
48、e and Britain， and to a promotion in Germany based on the game of Monopoly”.13.most profitable marketSee the second sentence of Paragraph H “But France is in fact the companys most profitable market after America”.14. 15%See the second sentence of Paragraph I “Almost two-thirds of the 1，214 McDonalds restaurants in Britain are compa
