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1、word几何光学与激光中常用英语词汇表Vocabulary 1Paraxial ray 近轴光线image formation 成像optical axis 光轴optical ponent 光学元件homogenous medium均匀介质Propagation传播Fermats principle 费马原理Reflection反射Refraction折射Transmission 透射refractive index折射率Normal法线，正交的Total reflection全反射Surface 外表Interface界面critical angle临界角prism棱镜Splitter分束
2、器convex lens凸透镜Resolution分辨率concave boundary凹形边界focal length焦距antireflection coating减反覆层，抗反射膜Fiber光纤Cladding 包层Perfect image完善像Object(image) space物(像)空间magnification 放大率Parallel plate平行平板focal plane焦平面stop光阑pupil光瞳ray tracing 光线追迹Incident beam入射光Vocabulary 2Ultraviolet 紫外的visible 可见的infrared红外的scala
3、r function 标量函数vector function 矢量函数wavelength波长frequency 频率Angular frequency角频率Radian弧度interference 干预diffraction 衍射polarization偏振electromagnetic wave电磁波monochromatic wave 单色波polychromatic wave多色波plane wave 平面波spherical wave球面波amplitude 振幅phase 相位wavenumber 波数wavefront 波前wavevector波矢envelope 包络Wave
4、envelope波包Wave packet theory波包理论quarter wave plate四分之一波片grating光栅absorption 吸收phase shift 相移Spectrometer 分光计，光谱仪spectroscopy 光谱学superposition principle叠加原理Optical intensity 光强interferometer 干预仪Scattering 散射Free space自由空间spacial filter空间滤波器fourier-transforming 傅立叶变换inverse fourier-transforming 逆傅立叶变换
5、transfer function 传递函数Magnitude 量值，值，大小Pinhole 针孔Hologram vocabularyHologram 全息图holography 全息术holographic reconstruction 全息再现holographic recording全息记录volume holography 体全息术reference wave参考波object wave 物波coherent light 相干光bragg condition 布拉格布喇格条件conjugate 共扼rainbow hologram 彩虹全息图Exposure 曝光Emulsion感光
6、乳剂slit 缝Orthogonal正交的monochromatic 单色的Vibrate 振动Apparatus器械，仪器Minimal最小的Fluctuation波动，起伏illuminate 照明Transparency透明物Planar平面的Three-dimensinal三维的Vocabulary 4Electric field电场Magnetic field磁场Electromagnetic field 电磁场Spectrum光谱Maxwell equation麦克斯韦方程Permittivity 介电系数Permeability磁导率Electric flux density 电
7、通量密度Magnetic flux density 磁通量密度electric displacement 电位移Free space 自由空间Medium介质Linear线性的Disperisive色散的Nondispersive非色散的Isotropic各向同性的Anisotropic各向异性的refractive index折射率absorption coefficient吸收系数phase velocity相速度group velocity群速度Attenuation衰减alumina 氧化铝Pulse脉冲Delay延迟Integrated-optical device集成光学器件Voc
8、abulary 5transverse electromagnetic wave横电磁波Polarization 偏振linearly polarized wave线偏振波circularly polarized light圆偏振光elliptically polarized light椭圆偏振光Polarizer偏光器Polarizing beamsplitter偏振分束器brewster angle布儒斯特角Symmetry对称biaxial crystal双轴晶体Uniaxial crystal单轴晶体ordinary index寻常折射率extraordinary light异常光do
9、uble refraction双折射Birefringence双折射Calcite方解石quartz石英dichroic二向色的, 二色性的Vocabulary 6polarization-maintaining fiber偏振保持光纤，保偏光纤single-mode fiber单模光纤multimode fiber多模光纤modal dispersion模式色散Dispersion-shifted fiber色散位移光纤step-index fiber阶跃折射率光纤graded-index fiber渐变折射率光纤numerical apertureNA数值孔径Speckle散斑Vocabu
10、lary 7Coherent相干的incoherent 非相干的Photon光子amplifier 放大器energy level 能级atomic 原子的Transition跃迁Linewidth线宽thermal equilibrium 热平衡Nonequlibrium非平衡population inversion粒子数反转Pump泵浦，抽运Feedback反应Loss损耗Gain增益saturated gain coefficient饱和增益系数Threshold阈值resonator 共振器，共振腔pulse train脉冲序列Period周期mode locking/mode loc
11、ked 锁模Q-switch Q开关Modulate调制longitudinal mode纵模Free-running mode自由振动模式spatial hole burning空间烧孔Vocabulary 8correlation 相关，关联statistical distribution统计分布Random随机的probability 概率poisson distribution泊松分布Orthonormal标准正交的，规正交的orthogonal 正交的，垂直的eigenfunction 本征函数harmonic oscillator 谐振子quanta of energy能量量子Pa
12、rticle粒子Momentum动量uncertainty relation不确定关系Heisenberg海森堡squeezed light压缩光Coherent light相干光quantum theory 量子理论photon flux 光子通量entangle 纠缠entangled photon pairs纠缠光子对Bell inequality 贝尔不等式teleportation 隐形传态、离物传态quantum cryptography量子密码Vocabulary 9frequency conversion频率转换Down conversion 下转换Parametric pro
13、cess参量过程Nonparametric process非参量过程Spontaneous Parametric Down conversion自发参量下转换quasi-phase match准相位匹配Phase mismatch相位失配Second harmonic generation二次谐波产生，倍频效应Sum-frequency generation和频产生difference-frequency generation差频产生Optical parametric amplification光学参量放大Optical parametric oscillation光学参量振荡Quality factor品质因子nonlinear susceptibility 非线性极化率Polarization极化强度11 / 11
