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1、初一知识点Putupatent搭帐篷Scary吓人的,恐惧的,惊悚的（事物）Scared使人害怕的（人）Jumpupanddown上蹿下跳Quitalot/quiteafew很多,相当多Inthecountryside在乡下GoonaschooltripPlaywithsb和某人玩耍Notatall一点也不Notatall没关系Takephotos/pictures拍照MayItakeyourorder?可以点菜了吗？Abowlof一碗Inonego一口气,连续Makeawish许愿Blowout吹灭Asymbolof的象征Thenumberof的数量Anumberof许多Infrontof在
2、前面InfrontoftheblackboardInthefrontof在前面（内部）InthefrontoftheroomBeofmediumheight中等身高Criminal罪犯Crime犯罪Fightwith和并肩作战Fightagainst和战斗（敌对）Ontheright/leftCross穿过动词Across在对面acrossfrom横穿Leaveamessage留信息Takeamessage捎信息Callsb（UP）给打电话Callsbback回电话Callsbat（号码）Emailsbat（邮箱地址）Callsbback回电话BehappytodosthRightnowAto
3、nce立刻；马上WashclothesDolaundry洗衣服Eatout去外面吃Eatup吃光Hostfamily寄宿家庭Talkonthephone打电话Walkontwolegs两条腿走路Kindofboring有点儿无聊Get/belost迷路Flag旗帜ivory象牙cute可爱的smart聪明的BelateforSchooluniform校服Ontime准时intime及时Makeonesbed整理床铺Inthekitchen在厨房里Followrules遵守规则From.to.Howfar多远Howlong多久,多长时间；多长（长度）Howsoon多久HOWO代en多久一次（问频
4、率）Howmany可数Howmuch不可数Cometrue实现makeonesdreamcometrue实现梦想FulfilonesdreamAchieveonesdreamRealizeonesdreamRadiostation电台Takeashower洗澡Takeawalkgoforawalk散步Brushonesteeth刷牙Asksbforsthl,lltake（买）twopairs（双,对）TwodollarsforonepairAt+具体时间At.(price,speed)of.In+世纪/年/月On+具体日期On+节日/生日动词be(is,am,are)的用法我(I)用am,你(
5、you)用are,is跟着他(he)、她(She)、它(it)。单数名词用is,复数名词全用are0变否定,更容易,be后not加上去。变疑问,往前提,句末问号莫丢弃。还有一条须注意,句首大写莫忘记。所有格单数名词后直接加勺Jim,scoat吉姆的外套Jeffsmother杰夫的妈妈以S结尾的复数名词,只加TeachersDay教师节thetwinsbooks双胞胎的书不以S结尾的不规则的名词复数,加勺ChildrensDay儿童节men/sshoes男式鞋表示两者共同拥有时,只在最后一个名词后加ls表示两者各自拥有时,要在每个名词后加勺LucyandLily,smother露茜和莉莉的妈妈(
6、共同的妈妈,一个妈妈)Lucy,sandKate,srooms露茜和凯特的房间(各自的房间,两间房子)Therebe句型（）Therebe句型主要用以表达某处（某时）有某人（某物）。其基本结构为Therebe+某物（某人）+某地（某时D其中there是引导词,没有词义；主语是be后面的名词,be是谓语动词,在一般现在时中be只用is和are两种形式。下面这首歌诀可帮你巧记therebe句型结构：Therebe放句首,主语跟在后。地、时放句末,强调置前头。如：Thereisabookonthedesk有时为了强调地点,也可把介词短语放在句首。如:Onthedeskthereisabook（）Th
7、erebe句型中的be动词如何确定呢？请先看看下面这首歌诀：Be动词,有三个,am,is还有are。“Therebe真特别,不留am只留俩,那就是is还有areo要用is还是are,须看其后的名词是单数还是复数。若是单数或不可数名词用is,否则就用are。如:Thereisatreebehindthehouse（2）Thereissomewater（水）inthebottle（瓶子）（3）Therearesomepearsinthebox（）注意：如果be后的主语是由and连接的两个或两个以上的名词,那么be的形式要遵循远亲不如近邻的原则。也就是说:be的形式是由与它最近的那个名词来确定的。若
8、那个名词是单数或不可数名词要用is,是复数就用are。如:ThereisabookandsomepensonthefloorTherearesomepensandabookonthefloor英语日期的表示法用英语表示日期,其顺序为月+日+年,日和年之间需用逗号隔开。如：AUgUStnd,(年月日)。也可以用日+月+年来表示。如：thMay,(年月日)。英语日期前介词的使用：若指在哪一年或哪一月,则用介词n若具体到某一天,则需用介词on。如：Shewasbornin(2)ShewasborninAugustShewasborninAugustShewasbornonndAugust,名词单数变
9、复数规则()一般的词在单数词后直接+飞bookbooks,penpens,carcarszmap-mapszcartooncartoons()以s,x,sh,ch结尾的词+es”box玲boxes,watch玲WatCheS()以辅音字母+y结尾的名词去掉父改成R再加esfamily-families,comedycomedies()以f或fe结尾的词,先去掉f或fe,改成V再加esknife-knives,wifewives,handkerchiefhandkerchieves()特殊词,特殊变化,需单独记：Child玲Childrerbman玲men,foot玲feet,woman玲WOm
10、entooth-teeth,sheepsheep,deerdeerfootfeetgoosegeese时间的表达法()直读式,即直接读出时间数字:sevenfive:eightsixteenO过、差式,即几点差几分,几点过几分。(以分为分界线):twenty-fivepastone:halfpasttwo:seventeentofour:twenty-twotofive()小时制:am上午点：pm下午点分()小时制:点钟:点分()分可用quarter:aquarterpastfour:aquartertosix()时间前通常用介词atatoclockat:pm时间的问法()以when提问/什么
11、时候可以是较长的时间段,也可以是较短的时间Whenisyourbirthday?你的生日是什么时候？MybirthdayisDecth我的生日是月日。这里就是指一天的时间段Whendoyougohome?你几点回家？IgOhOmeat:Pm我下午：回家这里When问的是具体的时间。()具体几点我们通常用Whattime提问,如：Whattimeisitnow7What,sthetimenow?现在几点了?It,s:现在九点二十六。Whattimeisitbyyourwatch?你手表几点了？lt,s:Oh,Itsminuteslate:,哦,它慢了分钟。Whattimedoyougetup?你
12、几点起床？Igetupat:am我早上点起床。初二知识点goonvacation去度假haveagoodtime玩的愉快stayathome待在家keepadiary记日记quiteafew相当多；不少hardlynever几乎从不mostofthetime大多数时间helpwithhousework帮助做家务stayupIate熬夜onweekend在周末junkfood垃圾食品gotothedentist去看牙医Quiteafew许多；大量Longtimenosee好久不见singingcompetition歌咏比赛careabout关心,在意bedifferentfrom与不同；与有差异
13、Answerto的答案answerthephone接电话beonthephone在打电话Moveto搬至UAbilitytodosth做某事的能力Leavefor动身前往某地Muchevenmore可修饰比较级Aslongas只要比较级的常见搭配：比较级+thanquieterthanmostkidsMoreseriousthanmostkidsMoreandmore+比较级moreandmorepopular比较级and比较级tallerandtallerThe比较级,The比较级themorezthebetter越多越好Touch感动；触摸touched感动的Touching令人感动的be
14、similarto与相似besimilarwith对熟悉betalentedin在（某方面）有天赋getgoodgrades取得好成绩sofar到目前为止Have.incommon有相同特征；（想法、兴趣等方面）相同allkindsof各种类型的；各种各样的Avarietyof许多beupto是的职责；由决定playarole/partindoingsth发挥作用；有影响makeup编造、虚构（故事、谎言等）；弥补；化妆takeseriously认真对待;当回事Serious严重的；严肃的talentshow才艺表演Talent才艺；才能Talented有才艺的；有才能的Makeonesdre
15、amscometrue使某人实现梦想Dancermagician魔术师talkshow访谈节目Learnfrom.向学习findout查明;弄清actionmovie动作片bereadyto准备好（做某事）；愿意做（做某事）dressup装扮；乔装打扮takesb,splace代替;替换comeout开放；出版；上映tryonesbest尽某人最大的努力besureabout确信,对有把握makesure确保；查明Send.to把寄给beabletodosth能够做某事atthebeginningof在开始writedown写下havesomethingtodowith关于；与有关haveno
16、thingtodowith与无关takeupdoingsth学着做；开始做;从事；占用（时间、空间）makeapromisetosb向某人保证/承诺decidetodosth决定做某事feellikedoingsth想做某事plantodosth计划做某事hopetodosth希望做某事expecttodosth期待做某事fantastic/great/wonderfulminddoingsth介意做某事fantasyn幻想空想winwinnerComfortv安慰comfortable舒服的；舒适的comfortablynewestFreshest频度副词频度副词表示事情发生的频率,对频度副
17、词提问用howOfteno常见的频度副词如下：always,almostalways,usually,often,sometimes,hardlyever(seldom),never等。它们在频度上的差异可以这样表示：always(%)almostalwaysusuallyoftensometimeshardlyever(seldom)never(%)注意：频度副词通常放在动词前面,若句子里有情态动词、助动词或系动词be,则放在这类动词(第一个)的后面。如：ItsalwaysinterestingtowatchotherpeopleshowtheirtalentsIhardlyeverwatc
18、hTV形容词比较级和最高级形容词和副词的比较等级的规则变化口诀比较级要变化,一般情况加-er。词尾若有哑音e,直接加-r就可以。一辅重读闭音节,辅音字母要双写。辅音字母V结尾,变V为i加-er。最高级加est,前面加the莫忘记。形容词副词若是多音节,只把more,most前面写。wanttobe/become+(职业)名词：“想要成为Iwanttobe(be)ascientistwhenIgrowupwritestories写故事tellstories讲故事keepondoingsth继续做某事(表动作的反复)keepingdoingsth保持做某事(表动作或状态的持续)besureabou
19、t+名/代/Ving肯定Areyousureaboutthat?makesure(that)+从句“,确保.MakesurethatbothdoorsareclosedwhenyougooutlearnsthWemustlearnEnglisheverydaylearntodosthIamgoingtolearntoplay(play)thepianodiscussv讨论；商量discussionn.discusswithsb与某人讨论：DiscussthisquestionwithyourpartnerLetsdiscussthisproblem让我们讨论一下这个问题。Allweneedno
20、wisaction,notdiscussion我们现在需要的是行动,不是讨论。beabletodosth能够做某事(1) can:can+动词原形,无人称和数的变化。只能用于一般现在时和一般过去时,不能用于将来时。beableto动词原形,有人称和数的变化,可用于多种时态。(2) can常指客观上能够；beableto更侧重于经过努力、克服一定困难有能力做成某事。Hewillbeableto(能够)speakEnglishnextyear(在此不能填can)promisen承诺；诺言V许诺；承诺；答应Apromiseisapromise一言既出,驷马难追makeapromise(tosb)(对
21、某人)许下诺言keepapromise遵守诺言breakapromise违背诺言promise(sb)todosth许诺某人干某事promise(sb)+that从句Hepromisedtohelpme他许诺过要帮助我。IpromisedthatIstudyhardfromnowon我承诺从现在起努力学习。Iamgoingtotakeupcookingnextyear明年我将要学煮饭。Sometimestheresolutionsmaybetoodifficulttokeeptoo+形容词/副词原级to+动词原形,表示“太而不能如：Thekidistooyoungtoplaythisgame这
22、个小孩太小,不能玩这个游戏。ones。Wn+名词某人自己的东西，强调某物为个人所有myownbook我自己的竹本Computerprogrammer电脑程序员Computerscience计算机科学Keepondoingsth书名By/writtenby+作者resolution愿望；决定；决心Improve提高；改善Improvementn.改善；提高Writedown写下；记下Physicalhealth身体健康mentalhealth心里健康many+可数名词许多much+不可数名词许多livetobe+基数词+yearsOlcr活到罗，beingreatdanger处在极大的危险中pl
23、ayapartin+sthdoing参与某事/做某事Haveonethingincommon/Havesomethingincommon有共同点TalkShOWS脱口秀TVshows电视节目soapoperas月巴皂居IJAppear出现over/morethan多余；超过symbol标志steamboat汽月台Apairof双；对main主要的Everyoneshouldplayapartinsavingtheearthhelp(sb)withsth帮助(某人)做某事HeoftenhelpsmewithmyEnglishhelpsb(to)dosth帮助(某人)做Heoftenhelpsme
24、studyEnglishhelponeself（to）随便吃,请便Helpyourselftothefish请随便吃鱼ServeV服务Servicen.月艮务Servantn.仆人,侍者overandoveragainthesameas.和样bedifferentfrom与不同Ittakessbsometimetodosth某人花了时间做某事（时态根据具体情况决定）Ittakesmeanhourtogettomyofficespendtime/moneyonsth在上花费时间（金钱）sbspendtime/money（in）doingsth花费时间（金钱）做某事。Ispenttwohourso
25、nthismathproblem这道数学题花了我个小时。Theyspenttwoyearsbuildingthis一再地；反复地inthefuture将来crowdedadj.拥挤的beabletodosthShaPeV.塑造；n.形状Falldown倒塌；倒下bridge造这座桥花了他们两年时间。hundredsof+名词复数许多/大量数词+hundred+名词复数几百类似的数词还有thousand（千），million（万）TherearefourhundredstudentsinourgradeTherearehundredsoftouristsinBeijingeveryyeardur
26、ing在期间Duringthedaytime/theweekendthemeaningof的意思Canyoutellmethemeaningofthewords?CUt是切,割的意思Cutdown砍到Cutoff砍掉cutup意为切碎”Cutupthebananas=Cutthebananasupcut.into把切成CuttheappleintofourpiecesCutit/themuponemorething另外一件事情anothertenminutes再多十分钟数字+more+物品指另外的another+数字+物品指“另外的当数字为One时,常与more连用或只用anotheroGiv
27、emetwomorehamburgers?anothertwohamburgersforgettodosth忘记（去）做某事forgetdoingsth忘记已做过某事。lt,stime（forsb）todosth=lt,stimeforsth该是（某人）做某事的时间了。lt,satimeforyoutostudyEnglishlt,stimeforustogotoschool（lt,stimeforschool）givethanksfor+名/代V-ing感因JlIThankyoufordoingThanksfordoingWeshouldgivethanksforourparentsHega
28、vethanksforlifeandfoodMostAmericansstillcelebratethisideasofgivingthanksbyhavingabigmealby+sthdoing:）以方式IstudyEnglishbylisteningtoEnglishsongs）在的旁边Iamsittingbythepool在之前Ihavetogotoschoolby8:00.-）搭乘Igotoschoolbybusfillsthwithsth用把装满（强调动作）befullof装满（强调状态）IfilledthecupwiththemilkThecupisfullofthemilkpu
29、t.in（into）.把放到里cover.with.用覆盖servev月艮务nserviceserve+名/代“提供Theshopservesnicefoodservesbsth=servesthtosbServeittoyourfriendswithsomevegetablesservesbwithsth用某物招待某人ServetheguestswithsometeaMilkshake奶昔blender搅拌器add加cookfor烹饪（时间）cooktheturkeyforafewhoursonemorething还有（表示补充）one.theother.表示两者中的另一个another三者
30、中的另一个IhavetwobrothersOneisalawyerandtheotherisamanagerIdontlikethisone,canyoushowmeanother?some.others.stillothers表示没有范围限定的“一些另一些SomegotoschoolbybikeandothersgotoschoolbybusSomegotoschoolbybikeandtheothersgotoschoolbybusinvitev邀请ninvitationinvitesbtodosth”邀请某人干某事invitesbto+地点名词MrGreeninvitedmetovisi
31、thisfactorylastweekThanksalotforyourinvitationThanksforinvitingmetoyourpartyWhat,sthedatetoday?意为“今天是几月几号?Its+月+日。Whatdayisittoday?意为今天是星期几?Its+星期几。What,sthedate?lt,sSeptember6thWhatdayisittoday?lt,sWednesdayhavealesson（class）上课haveanEnglishlessonpreparev准备npreparationprepareSth准备某物,所准备的东西就是后面的宾语。pr
32、epareforSth为做准备,指为后面的宾语做准备preparetodoSth准备做某事”Bringto.，带来”把某物从别的地方带到说话人的地方take.to,，带去把某物从说话的地方带到别处去。（两者方向相反）Bringyourhomeworkhere,andtakethebookaway把你的作业拿过来,把这本书带走。WithOUt（介词）没有反义词：With具有Wecan,tlivewithoutwaterJaneisabeautifulgirlwithlonghairSOthat+从句：以便于；目的是IstudyhardsothatIcangetgoodgradessurprise
33、n惊奇surprisedadj感到惊奇的（指人）surprisingadj令人惊奇的（指物）besurprisedatSth惊奇于某事toone,ssurprise令某人惊奇的是” l,msurprisedatthesurprisingnews我对这个令人惊讶的消息感到很吃惊。 Tomysurprise,heleftwithoutleavingaword令我惊奇的是,他一声不响地离开了。lookforwardtosth/doingsthIlookforwardtoyourreply我期待你的答复。Ilookforwardtoseeingyouagainhearfromsb=get/receiv
34、ealetterfromsb收到某人的来信hearofsb听说过某人Iheardfrommyfriendsyesterday=lgotaletterfrommyfriendyesterdaythebestwaytodosth做某事的最好方式Exercisingisthebestwaytokeephealthyhowtodothat该怎么做,疑问词+todoSth常用来做宾语IdontknowhowtomakeabananamilkshakeIdon,t know what to doat the end Of 在.末尾”at the beginning ofzz 在开始” be glad/ha
35、ppy/sad to do sth 很高兴/难过做某事I am glad to see youreply to sbsth回复Hang out出去玩Hang hang hang 悬挂Hang hanged hanged 绞死一表示邀请的句型Available/free有空的help to do sth help outhelp with sthGlUeV粘n胶水opening ceremony 开幕式ceremony 仪式As小结当时作为既然,由于Can/Couldyou.（cometomyparty）?Wouldyouliketo（Wouldyouliketomyparty）?接受：Sure
36、/Yes/Ofcourse,l,dlove/liketo拒绝：l,msorry,Ican,tIhaveto/must+V原（陈述理由）l,dlove/liketo,butI（理由）l,mafraidnotl.（理由）情态动词二must与havetomust表示主观“必须；must表示“主观上的要求,无人称和时态的变化,否定回答：needn,t或donthaveto（不必）。不能用mustnt回答,表示禁止haveto表客观需要,有人称和时态变化,否:dont/doesnt/didnthaveto（没必要）MustIbehomebeforeeightoclock?点之前我必须回家吗？Yes,yo
37、umust/No,youneednt/No,youdonthavetohaveagreattime意为“玩得愉快产enjoyoneself,havefun,haveagood/wonderful/nicetimehaveagreat/goodtimein（doing）sth做某事彳艮开心asksb（not）todosth要求某人（不）做某事Theteachersaskustodo（do）lotsofhomeworkordersthfrom+地点从某地订购食物Order预定：下命令Iwanttoordersomebooksfromthebookstorekeep.tooneself保守秘密unl
38、essconj除非；如果不unless引导的条件句表示在特定条件下,才决定做或不做一件事。=if.notTheconcertwillbeheldasscheduleunlessthereisatyphoon=Theconcertwillbeheldasscheduleifthereisnotatyphoon在When（当时候）,after,before等引导的时间状语从句中,如果主句为一般将来时,从句要用一般现在时表示将来（主将从现）。如：IwillcallyouwhenIreachCanada我一到加拿大就给你打电话主将从现if条件句;UnleSS从旬ASSOOnaS从句unlessido,
39、we,llbelostUnlesshecanhidehistail,hecannotturnhimselfintoamanassoonasthemoonrises,wecanfollowtheminsteadbeafraidtodosth害怕干某事l,mafraidtospeakinfrontofotherpeoplebeafraidofsth害怕某事Hetoldmenottobeafraidofdifficultiesbeafraid+that从句l,mafraidthatIcan,tfinishontimebeangrywithsbWewereangrywithhimforkeepingu
40、swaitingbeangryat/aboutsthHeisangryat/aboutyouranswerIwasveryangryatwhathesaidintheend最后；终于二atlast/finally/intheendattheendof在末端；到尽头atthebeginningof在开端；到尽头Hemarriedthenicegirlintheend/atlast/finallyTheschoolisattheendofthestreetcarelessadj粗心的；carelessnesscareful小心的Theboyisverycareless这个男孩很粗心。Heismor
41、ecarefulthanme他比我认真。adviseV劝告；建议nadvice不可数名词Givemesomeadvice!advisedoingsth建议做某事。advisesb(not)todosth建议某人(不)做某事Iadvisewaitingtilltherighttime我建议等到适当的时候。Iadvisehimnottosleeplateeveryday我建议他不要每天睡懒觉。lt,sbest(not)todosth最好(不)做某事ItsbesttospeakEnglisheverydayBeagraidtodosth害怕做某事Makemistakes犯错Sharewith和分享T
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