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1、Appositive Clause,Grammar,Appositive ClauseGrammar,Read the following sentences and pay attention to the underlined parts.,1 Their friend, Danny Lin, was waiting at the airport.,2 Mr.Smith, our new teacher, is very kind to us.,3 He told me that his brother John was a world-famous doctor.,4The news t
2、hat they had won the basketball game soon spread the whole school,当两个指同一事物的句子成分放在同等的位置时，一个句子成分可被用来说明或解释另一个句子成分，前者叫做后者的同位语。作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。同位语从句一般跟在某些名词之后，用以说明或解释前面的名词的具体内容。,Read the following sentences a,What kind of noun clauses are they?,What it was to become was a mystery.2. I dont know who will h
3、elp Henry to win the bet.3. His trouble is that he doesnt know anybody in London.4. The fact that ships can go there surprises many people.,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句,名词性从句,What kind of noun clauses are,Find out the appositive clause from the reading text.,The thought that they could cross the whole conti
4、nent was exciting.Some people have the idea that you can cross Canada in less than five days ,but they forget the fact that Canada is 5500 kilometres from coast to coast.The girls were surprised at the fact that ocean ships can sail up the Great Lakes.,Find out the appositive clause,that 引导同位语从句,(1)
5、 The news that our team won the first prize excited all of us.我们队得了第一名，这消息使我们都很兴奋。(2) The fact that two thirds of all girls are on a diet worries their parents and teachers a lot.(3) Many British parents hold the view that teenagers shouldnt spend too much time online.,如果同位语从句意义完整应用that引导同位语从句， that
6、 在从句中不充当任何成分，无任何具体意思，一般不省略。,that 引导同位语从句(1) The news that,1. I have no idea when he will come back.2.The question who should go abroad required consideration.3. He often asked me the question whether the work was worth doing. 4.I have no impression how he went home , perhaps by bike.,除 that外， 其余连词在从
7、句中都具有各自的意义或成分。if 不可以引导同位语从句。,注意啦！!,1. I have no idea when he will,大家注意啦！,同位语从句与定语从句区别:,大家注意啦！同位语从句与定语从句区别:,（1 ） 定语从句是从句对其先行词或前面整个句子的修饰或限制,属于形容词性从句的范畴; 而同位语从句是从句对前面抽象名词的进一步的说明和解释,属于名词性从句的范畴，如:,unit5同位语从句详细讲解课件,The news that our team has won the game was true. 我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的。 (同位语从句, 补充说明news到底是一个什么消
8、息) The news that he told me yesterday was true. 昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的。 (定语从句限制或修饰news, 说明到底是哪个news.),辨析：,The news that our team h,(2)从引导词来看 引导词that在同位语从句中是连词，只起连接作用，无具体词义，that不可省略；that在定语从句中是关系代词，除了起连接作用，它在从句中充当一定成分主语或宾语，作宾语时还可以省略。,The factory (that) we visited yesterday is a chemical one.（factory在从句中作visi
9、ted的宾语,也就是说that 指代factory在从句中作宾语，可以省略）The news that he will leave for Shanghai is true.（that 只起连接作用，不做成分，一般不可以省略),(2)从引导词来看The factory (that) we,（3）当when ,where ,why和how引导同位语从句时为连接副词，虽在句中充当成分，但前面没有与其意义相当的先行词。而在定语从句中它们为关系副词，在其前面分别有表示时间、地点、原因及方式意义的先行词。例如：,He will never forget the days when he lived wi
10、th his grandparents.他永远不会忘记和祖父母一起生活的日子He has no idea when the meeting will be held.他不知道会议将何时举行,定语从句,同位语从句,（3）当when ,where ,why和how引导同位语从,（4）同位语从句的先行词极为有限，多为抽象名词，如,fact, idea, reason, thought, order, doubt, news, hope, truth, belief , suggestion, advice, view, promise, request, proposal提议/建议, demand,
11、 question,（4）同位语从句的先行词极为有限，多为抽象名词，如fact,(5)同位语从句的简易判断方法 同位语从句与其先行词在逻辑上是“主语+be+表语”的同位语关系。所以，可以在名词和从句之间加系动词be，使之构成一个新句子，如果合乎逻辑，句子通顺，则原句为同位语从句；定语从句是不能够用系表结构把先行词与从句连接起来的。 The news that well go on a picnic this Sunday isnt true.这个星期天我们要去野餐的消息不是真的。 The news is that well go on a picnic this Sunday. The new
12、s that youve heard isnt true. 你听到的这个消息不是真的。 The news is that youve heard.,(5)同位语从句的简易判断方法,They expressed the hope that they would come to visit China again.The hope ( that ) she expressed is that they would come to visit China again.,Lets have a try at once,同位语从句：they would come to visit China 对hope
13、 进行具体的说明。,定语从句： hope 充当express的宾语。,They expressed the hope that t,II. 判断下列哪些含有同位语从句，哪些含有定语从句。 The news that we had successfully sent up another communication satellite spread throughout the world. Thats the best piece of news Ive heard.,同,定,II. 判断下列哪些含有同位语从句，哪些含有定语从句。同定,The reason why he was late fo
14、r school sounds unreasonable.,He has solved the problem why the radio didnt work well.,定,同,The reason why he was late fo,I. 在空格处填上适当的词，使下列定语从句和同位语从句完整。,The news _ our class had won the football match was very exciting.This is the mountain village _ I stayed last year.3. The person to _ you spoke is a famous actor.,where,练习坊,that,whom,I. 在空格处填上适当的词，使下列定语从句和同位语从句完整。,3. The fact _ she works hard is well known to us all.,that,4. Luckily, wed brought a road map without _ we would have lost our way.,which,5 Do you have any idea _ is actually going on in the classroom?,what,3. The fact _ she works,
