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1、2020中招英语备考,中考命题原则,1.落实立德树人根本任务，强化育人功能和价值导向2.立足英语语言能力要求，渗透学科核心素养理念3.体现开放与探索，注重思维能力与层次考查4.增加试题的开放性，回归语言的表达本质,2020新题型,国家层面的要求:教育部关于进一步推进高中阶段学校考试招生制度改革的指导意见（教基二【2016】4号）明确指出：依据义务教育课程标准确定初中学业水平考试内容，提高命题质量，减少单纯记忆、机械训练性质的内容，增强与学生生活、社会实际的联系，注重考查学生综合运用所学知识分析问题和解决问题的能力。课程标准的要求:义务教育英语课程标准（2011年版）在“评价建议”中指出：应避免
2、过分强调对知识的考查和脱离语言实际运用的倾向，以切实提高评价的有效性；对语言知识的考查应着重考查学生的知识运用能力，不应孤立地考查知识点或对知识的机械记忆；终结性评价应将知识与技能有机结合起来，着重考查学生在具体语境中运用英语的能力，渗透对情感态度、学习策略和文化意识的考查；要选用真实、地道的语言素材，根据语言实际使用情况命题。,中考英语试题来源,英语试题的命题素材和命题情境均选自母语国家以青少年为对象的最新报刊、杂志和网络资源，而且语言和能力层次要求更高。,基于语篇的考查，难度是否会提高？ 1. 试题难度与题型调整无必然联系，只会和选取的语篇材料有关系。考试范围与内容没有变化，只是考查角度变
3、了。 2. 客观题减少、主观题增加只会对无语言能力、靠瞎蒙乱猜的考生有影响。 3. 干扰项的减少会填平不少“坑”，对有语言能力的考生而言会更容易得分。 4. 有难度主要体现在能力的欠缺上。,备考原则,备考建议,1.研读课标，把握课标所要求的必备知识和关键能力。,课程性质：,英语课程的学习，即是学生通过英语学习和实践活动，逐步掌握英语知识和技能，提高语言实际运用能力的过程，又是他们磨练意志、陶冶情操、拓展视野、丰富生活经历、开发思维能力、发展个性和提高人文素养的过程。课程标准(2011年版)首次明确提出了外语课程“具有工具性和人文性双重性质”的理念，指出“工具性和人文性统一的英语课程有利于为学生
4、的终身发展奠定基础。”,基础教育阶段英语课程的总体目标,培养学生的综合语言运用能力。综合语言运用能力的形成建立在学生语言技能、语言知识、情感态度、学习策略和文化意识等素养整体发展的基础上。语言知识和语言技能是综合语言运用能力的基础，文化意识是得体运用语言的保证。情感态度是影响学生学习和发展的重要因素，学习策略是学习效率发展自主学习能力的保证。,学生核心素养,核心素养,文化 意识,语言能力,学习能力,思维品质,备考建议,1.研读课标，把握课标所要求的必备知识和关键能力。2.研究历年真题，把握命题规律。3.夯实基础，过单词、短语、句型关。4.做好专题复习，精心备课，提高教学效率。5.依托教材，用好
5、教材，形成知识迁移的能力。6.强化梳理和总结，明确每一专题“考什么，怎么考，怎么答”。7.研学生问题（疫情期间及复课后）。美篇.mp4 死亡爬行.mp4,复课后学生可能存在的问题,1.习惯不好。2.有情绪，态度不端正。3.基础知识不过关。4.学科中存在的疑惑。5.试卷中错因。,各题型做题技巧,听力,如何提高听力理解能力和做好听力题?1.浏览题目 初步预测( predicting)2.简要记录 关键信息(recording)3.格外注意“细枝末节”( details)4.抓住关键 对症下药( key words)5.果断选题 学会放弃( choosing),1.浏览题目,初步预测( predic
6、ting),在录音播放之前,不要着急去做笔试题,应该充分利用这段时间快速浏览听力理解题干要求及选项内容,预测话题内容。Q: What does Tom do?A.Hes a truck driver.B.Hes a soccer player.C. Hes a pilot.,2.简要记录关键信息( recording),在听的过程中要记录一些关健信息。如数字、时间、电话号玛、人名、地名、日期等信息。听录音时快速、准确、简要地记下有关信息以防遗忘,便于做题时参考。例:How much will the man pay for the tickets？A.$18 B.$24 C.$30,3.格外注
7、意,“细枝末节”( details),在获取肘间信息肘,不要误把会话中直接提到的时间简单确定为问题的答案。听力考查时间时,往往要进行简单的换算。At what time does the train to London leave?A.3:00 B.3:15 C.5:00数字类问题分为辨别类和计算类两种:(1)要注意区分-teen和-y,如 fourteen和 forty的发音;辨别多位数,如电话号码,门牌号等。(2)在计算时间、价钱、距离、年龄、人或物的数量时,要听教字间的关系,更要听清问题问的是什么。,4.抓住关鍵,对症下药( key words),听力考试常出现以 Where提问的问句,
8、考生要通过对话的具体情节和背景判断对话发生的地点。一般来说,特定场景的用语和关键词是基本固定的,学生要对此多了解,熟悉明白。,5.果断选题,学会放弃( choosing),在听的过程中,如果遇到生词及听不懂的内容要果断跳过。不要因为某个细节或个别词未听清而分心,影响听后面的内容,造成听取信息不完整,甚至错过重点。,阅读教学目标定位,获取文本信息 培养阅读技能 学习语言知识 拓展文化视野 发展思维能力 提升人文素养,你教的未必是中、高考考的，中、高考考的你未必教了。,河南省中、高考英语试题对英语阅读教学既要求有精读，更要求有泛读！这是因为：1）教材是相对稳定的，但英语试题的命题素材和命题情境均选
9、自母语国家以青少年为对象的最新报刊、杂志和网络资源，而且语言和能力层次要求更高。2）教材词汇尽管比课标词汇多，但未必能将课标词汇全覆盖，这是由词汇的语篇意义所决定的。,题型二、任务型阅读,完形填空的考点,完型填空微技能,微技能1:语境判断(必考：2-7题) 语境判断是根据上下文的语境提示或暗示，身临其境地理解所处的语境，体验语境和作者的情感态度，推断出符合场景的最佳选项.例. Getting closer to the car, he noticed that there were _ old ladies, two in the front seat and three in the bac
10、k, wide eyed and pale faced. A. three B. four C. five D. six,C,微技能2:词汇复现(必考：1-4题) 词汇复现指的是某一词以原词、同义词或近义词、反义词、概括词或其他形式重复出现在语篇中，语篇中的句子通过这种复现关系达到了相互衔接。河南中招真题中以原词复现为主（10年17考），较少涉及同义词或近义词（2017.42）、反义词复现（2015.41）.例： The waiter called the _ . When they arrived the waiter told them the whole story, including
11、 the pandas words “looking it up”. So the police officer A. bosses B. police C. neighbor D. customer,B,微技能3 逻辑推理(除2015年外,每年1-2道),完形填空是一篇有具体内容的文章,各段落之间必然有着逻辑上的联系。学生在答题时,可以通过对故事的线索、文章前后各段之间的逻辑关系、文章前后内容之间的逻辑关系及人物情感的发展来分析和理解文章,以此推断答案。逻辑关系主要有:并列关系(and.);转折关系(but, however, though, yet, while, otherwise)；顺
12、序关系( before, after, then, finally);让步关系( although);因果关系(so, thus, for);条件关系(if, in case.);递进关系( moreover, besides, furthermore, whats more, in addition to, as well as)。例： (2019河南) A bit embarrassed, the woman smiled widely and thanked the officer for pointing out her misunderstanding. “But _ I let y
13、ou go, maam, I have to ask.Is everyone in this car OK? These women seem to be shaking badly and they havent made a single sound this whole time,” the officer asked. “Oh, theyll be all right in a minute. We just got off Route119.” A. until B. before C. although D. if,B,微技能4. 生活常识(10年9考) 将文本意思和我们原有的生活
14、经验、文化背景知识以及科普常识等结合起来,进行简单推理,从而得出正确答案。例: (2019河南)“ Maam, the officer replied, “you werent speeding, but you should know that driving _ than the speed limit can also be a danger to other drivers. The same as a speeder.” A. closer B. slower C. farther D. higher,B,微技能5:固定搭配(2015.36） 固定搭配需要结合语境并利用常用句型及习惯
15、表达来直接选择答案。考生平时应多积累动词短语、介词短语、固定句型等固定搭配。例: (2015河南) When I looked _ the plane, I could see that nearly all the passengers were worried and afraid. The future seemed terrible. A. at B. around C. up D. into,B,完形填空的解题思路,在把握全文的基础上对句子内部的情况进行分析 1.跳过空格,通读全文 2.把握大意,初定答案 3.瞻前顾后,先易后难 4.再读全文,查漏补缺,完形填空,完形填空的做题要点:
16、1.重语境( context)注意上下句的逗辑关系以及整篇文章的情节尤共是在需要填连接性词语时更需要上下文提供的线索。2.重实词( notional word)选项中关健词大多是名词、动词、形容词、副词等实词,也不排除能左右文章内容的虚词,如介词、连词等。3.重首句( first sentence)语篇或各段落的第一句是核心句，对熟悉语境、确定时态、推测语篇或段落大意等起着关键性作用。,语篇填空（第一节）,方框中的10个词, 确定词义和词性,相关变形一网净。1.名词(复数、所有格、名变形)(19)2.动词(三单、过去式、过去分词、现在分词、动变形、动变名)(31)3.形容词或副词(比较级、最高
17、级、形变名、形变副)(11、7)4.代词(主格、宾格、形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词、反身代词)(9)5.数词(基数词、序数词、分数词)(5)6.介词连词(不变形)(8、9),语篇填空（第一节）,语篇填空（第一节）,阅读短文,从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空,使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词,每词限用一次。,A young man shouted that he had the most beautiful heart in the world and that it had no little flaw. 56_, an old man appeared and said, Oh,
18、 my son, your heart is not as beautiful as 57_. The old man showed his heart to the young man. It was 58_strongly, but full of scars. The young man laughed, Are you kidding? My heart Is perfect and yours is 59_of scars. The old man said, Dear boy, my heart is just as beautiful as your heart. You see
19、, each scar shows where I have 60_ my love. Sometimes people give me a piece of their heart back, and it fills the 61_ as best it can. Other times, I give my love and get nothing in return. Those are the empty space. They hurt, 62_they show me that I can love and love again. “ The young man stood st
20、ill. His 63_were filled with tears. He walked up to the old man, tore a piece of his heart and gave the piece to the old man. The old man placed it in his heart, and 64_took a piece from his old scarred heart and placed it in the wound in the young mans heart. The young man looked at his heart, not
21、perfect any more but 65_beautiful than ever.,Suddenly,mine,beating,full,given,space,but,space give I full beat then but much sudden eye,eyes,then,more,语篇填空第二节,5空盲填与完形填空、方框选词一样,都是障碍性阅读。主要考查：1.对上下文的理解和把握能力2.逻辑推理和根据日常生活常识进行判断的能力3.对习惯用法和常用搭配的掌握能力4.在一定语境中考査对语法知识、词汇知识、句法知识等的掌握能力,冠词储备,1.a European country;
22、 a useful book; a university student ； an ugly man; an umbrella; an honest boy; an 1l-year-old girl2.have a fun time; pay a visit to; make a living; have a look; have a try; have a cold; keep a diary; in a word; in a hurry; a few; a little; a lot of; a kind of; a number of3.the old; the rich; the wo
23、unded; the Blacks; the only; the more. the more.;the+比较级+ of the two+复数名词;the+序数词;the+最高级; on the right/left; at the age of; with the help of; at the same time; by the way; in the past; in the way; in the end; in the open air,连词储备,1.and, but, or, so, for2.neither.nor.; either.or.; both.and.; not onl
24、y.but also.;, 3.while, when, as, after, before, until/till, as soon as, since, 4.if, unless, as long as5.though, although, even though/if, whatever, whenever6.because, since, as7.as, as if/though8.so/such.that.9.so that, in order that,介词储备,1.at noon; at night; on the morning of Feb.29th; since+时间点；s
25、ince+时间段+ago; for+时间段2.below zero; against the wall; across the square; through the forest;3.by accident; by mistake; by hand; by subway; by the way;4.betweenand.; thanks to; because of; with the help of; to ones surprise; for short; take care of; happen to sb; in person; in turn; in return; in a bl
26、ue mood; in a low voice; run out of；in ones opinion; in the way; in this way; out of fashion;5.talk about; argue about; complain about; think about; aim at, worry about; look forward to; pay attention to; be similar to; look up to; knock at; shout at; call on sb. to do sth; on purpose; catch up with
27、; come up with; communicate with;,关系代词/副词储备,what, which, whosewho, whomwhen, where, why,第二节 阅读短文,根据语篇要求填空,使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。 What is pop culture? Well, the word pop“ is short 66 _popular. Pop culture includes popular movies, television shows, music stars, sports stars 67_so on. Pop culture is often
28、improved by business and advertising.68 _most common examples of pop culture can often be found among high school and college students. Thats because trends set by famous people can quickly become part of young people s lifestyles. American pop culture 69_spread around the world recently. One of the
29、 major reasons is that English is an international language. Since language and culture go together, learning English means learning about the culture of English-speaking countries. Also, America is a world leader in movies, music and magazines. The kind of American culture communicated in them is p
30、op culture. Finally, pop culture is easy 70_sellto the world.,for,and,The,has,to,五空盲填,补全对话考查内容及要求,补全对话是中考必考题型,5小题,总分10分。这是一道看似简单却不易拿高分的题型。它既考査了学生的书面语言运用能力,也全面考查学生的口头语言表达能力。 义务教育英语课程标准要求初中毕业生学会使用些常用的功能意念项目,如问候、道歉、邀请、打电话、就餐、就医、购物、问路,谈论天气等,以达到初步交际的目的。,常见失分点,1.语言基本功不扎实。常用功能意念话题的语言不准确、基本句子结构、时态、特殊疑问词错误,常
31、用单词或短语辨析不清、拼写错误等。 2.语境感知能力薄弱。在语境中话题考査判断错误、内容提炼不准确、答非所问等。3.卷面书写不规范。,备考策略,1.夯实语言基础 1）易错功能意念项目 2）问句基本构成 2.提高语境感知能力（代入式） 3.规范书写要求,书面表达基本思路,1.看到一个书面表达题目,不要觉得不知如何下笔。把要求反复读几遍,理出思路和重点.2.在稿纸或试题卷上打草稿,句子中尽可能使用短语、句型，用上一两句复合句,即宾语从句、状语从句或定语从句,引用适合题目的谚语、名言，这样就提升了作文档次。3.作文最好分三段,第一段点题（2-3个句子）,第二段主述（8-9个句子）,第三段总结（2-3
32、个句子）,这样逻辑清晰,层次分明,自己看着有条理,改卷老师看着也一目了然。4.书写工整，卷面整洁，字数尽量保持在100-120字。,写作指导,基本思路“一审”即审题“二写”即列纲“三连”即连句成文“四改”即修改润色全文,写作指导,文章分3段：(1)综述：概括性强，最多3句话引入主题；(2)正文主要内容：层次性强，一定要有过渡型连接词。最多展开4个方面，每个方面最多2句话；(3)结尾：紧扣主题，2-3句话内结束，尽量升华。,短语、句型储备,首先 First， Firstly， In the first place, To begin with其次 Second, Secondly, In the
33、 second place再次 Besides，In addition, Additionally, Moreover, Furthermore最后 Finally, Last but not the least, Above all, Lastly,总而言之 All in all, To sum up, In summary, In a word,感兴趣 be interested in doing = show/ take great interest in n / doing 决定做 be determined to do下定决心做 make up ones mind to do盼望做
34、look forward to doing阻止某人做 keep / stop / prevent sb. from doing 忙于做 be busy (in ) doing be busy with + 名词 坚持做 keep/hold on doing 坚持 紧紧抓住 hold on to+ 名词 /动名词梦想做 dream of/about doing 情不自禁地做cant help doing 花费时间做 spend time / money (in )doing spend time / money on + 名词 玩得开心 have fun / have a good time /
35、 enjoy oneself doing 做有困难 have trouble /problem / difficulty (in) doing 或 with + 名词,短语、句型储备,身心两方面 both physically and mentally在一定程度上 to some extent/ degree / in some way正如谚语所说 As the proverb/saying goes, 就我而言/ 就个人而言 As far as I am concerned, / Personally,满足需求 satisfy/ meet the needs of采取有效措施来 take e
36、ffective measures to do sth毫无疑问 Undoubtedly, / There is no doubt that充分利用 make full use of / take advantage of实现梦想 realize ones dream/ make ones dream come true主要理由列举如下 The main reasons are listed as follows养成.的习惯 develop/form/get into the habit of + doing对有很大的影响 have a great influence on尽全力去. do/tr
37、y ones best to do不遗余力的 spare no effort to do那就是的原因 That is the reason why的人Those who愈愈The + -er + S + V, the + -er + S + V毫无疑问的There is no doubt that + 句子,短语、句型储备,It is said that + 句子 据说It is reported that + 句子 据报道It is known / considered that=As is known to us all 众所周知have fun / have a good time /
38、enjoy oneself doing 玩得开心In my opinion= As far as I am concerned在我看来make efforts to do = make every effort to do 尽力做 more+and+more./-er+and+-er 越来越.There is no choice but to do 除了做.别无选择疑问词+to do/疑问词+从句 not only.but also./both.and.不但.而且./既.又.So/Neither+助+主 .也一样I firmly believe that . 我坚信.as.as one can
39、/as.as possible 尽可能.It is .who/that 强调句型Every coin has its two sides 有利有弊All things are difficult before they are easy. 万事开头难.Always prepare for a rainy day. 未雨绸缪.As you sow, so shall you reap. 种瓜得瓜,种豆得豆. Look before you leap. 三思而后行.,短语、句型储备,1). Its adj for sb to do 做对某人来说2). so that 如此 以至于 too to d
40、o 太 而不能such that 如此 以至于3). notuntil 直到才4).The reason why + 句子 is that + 句子 的原因是The reason why he got angry was that she told him a lie. ( 他生气的原因是她对他说了谎。)5). That is why + 句子 那是的原因6). That is because + 句子 那是因为7). It is said that + 句子 据说It is reported that + 句子 据报道8). There is sb/sth+ doing/done/to do
41、 9). It goes without saying that + 句子 不言而喻，毫无疑问10). There is no need to do没必要做11). There is no point in doing 做某事毫无意义12)Nothing is + more + 形容词 + than to do13) By +doing, can 借着.，.能够.14) What a + adj + N + S + V!= How + adj + a + N + S + V! 多么,8组常用过渡语,1. 表起始的过渡语first of all, to begin with, in my opi
42、nion, according to, so far, as far as等.2. 表时间的过渡语first, at first, then, later, in the end, finally, afterwards, after that, since then, for the first time, at last, as soon as, the next moment, meanwhile, later on, soon, finally等.3. 表空间的过渡语on the right/left, to the right/left of, on one side of on t
43、he other side of, at the foot/top/end of, in the middle/centre of, next to, far from, in front of等.4. 表因果的过渡语for, because of, one reason is that another reason is that, thus, so, as a result (of)等.5. 表转折的过渡语but, yet, however, after all, in fact, while, on the contrary, instead of, unlike, although,
44、otherwise,nevertheless, in spite of, after all等.6. 表列举的过渡语for example, such as, that is, like, as follows, in other words, and so on等.7. 表推进的过渡语whats more, on one hand on the other hand, in addition to, as well, still, also, in other words, not onlybut also, besides, furthermore, moreover等.8. 表总结的过渡
45、语in short, in a word, in general, in brief, in all, on the whole等.,励 志 金 句,Its never too old to learn.All roads lead to Rome.Seeing is believing.Where there is life, there is hope.There is no royal road to learning.God helps those who help themselves.The longest journey begins with the first step.De
46、tails decide whether you will succeed or not.I know that my future is not just a dream. No way is impossible to courage. Do what you say, say what you do.Victory wont come to me unless I go to it.Never，never，never，never give up.,励 志 金 句,Knowledge is power.Great hopes make great men.Where there is a
47、will, there is a way.Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it.Time and tide wait for no man.Every minute counts.Failure is the mother of sucess.A good beginning is half done.East or west, home is the best.Love me, love my dog.No pains, no gains.Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.Many
48、 hands make light work.,励 志 金 句,Still water runs deep. Practice makes perfect. Money is not everything. Lost years are worse than lost dollars. The longest journey begins with the first stepEvery man has his price. Rome is not built in one day. Two heads are better than one. If you are trying your b
49、est，you will not have to worry about failure. Time is always with the people who have courage to fly not with the people who stand and watch the sky .No matter how hard it is, just keep going because you only fail when you give up.,范文赏析,MyChina Dream There is no doubt that everyone has his own dream
50、s. As a middle school student, I have many kinds of dreams, and I firmly believe that these dreams are all my China dreams. Among these dreams I have a big dream. I always dream of becoming a great scientist. Its believed that a big dream is made up of many small dreams. So from now on, I am suppose
