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1、,初中阅读理解细节题解题技巧,授课老师：黄文婷,什么是细节题？,1,细节题的分类？,2,如何解答细节题？,3,内容大纲,2012年1月21日 星期四 天气：晴 盼望着，盼望着。春节的脚步近了，我的心儿沸腾了。除夕前一天，我和爸爸去集市上制办年货。集上可热闹了，空气中充斥着叫卖声，讲价声和欢笑声。到处人来人往，挤来挤去。我和爸爸在喧腾的人群中穿行。年集上的货物样样俱全，猪肉、羊肉、春联、日历、水果、鸡、鱼无所不有。我和爸爸跑着跑那，忙了一上午，才把年货买齐。我边吃边逛，边卖边吃。脸上满是兴奋与喜悦。,“我”和谁一起去办年货？去了哪里？什么时候去的？集市上有什么货物？,什么是细节题？,在文章中直接
2、或间接地找到与答案相关的信息！,为什么要学习细节题解题技巧?,5W1H,是非题,排序题,细节题的类别,间接信息题,直接信息题,who, where, when, what, why, how,5W1H,间接信息题,直接信息题,同义替换,词性变换,计算题,化繁为简,Who invented the sport of badminton?What is the cheapest way to get to the party?Why did the builder build the bridge?.,设问方式,whats the main idea of the passage?,Lu Xun
3、moved to Shanghai because _.,如何解答5W1H题？,定位原文,如何解答5W1H题？,分析选项,寻读法,读题,定位原文,找关键词！,题干中的直接信息,出现次数少的专有名词,同义改写,词性与结构转换,When is World Toilet Day?,Which movie is about a woman gangster?,What would Ben do when someone was ill in the family?,sick,What made some people different from others according to Confuci
4、us?,set men apart,If we want to make friends, we should _.A. be politely to themB. be friendly to them.C. be afraid of them D. when we talk with them.,Do you need friends? Im sure your answer is Yes,of course. Everybody does! You need friends when you play and when you work. If you have friends, you
5、 will feel happy. If you have no friends. you will feel lonely (寂寞的). Do you know how to make friends? There is only one good wayYou make friends by being friendly. A friendly person is interested in other people. He is always helpful If you want to make friends with a new classmate, you can talk wi
6、th him, tell him about the other classmates in your class and try your best to be helpful to him.,1. According to the passage, why was Lu Xuns story Diary of a Madmam so popular?A. It was based on Lu Xuns diary.B. It was the first novel to use everyday language.C. Its story took place in modern time
7、s.D. It was written using a western style.,After working for several years as a teacher in Beijing, Lu Xun again returned to writing. In 1918, he wrote his famous short story Diary of a Madman. It was the first Chinese novel published using the everyday language that people spoke, which helped make
8、it a great success. This, together with his novel The True Story of Ah Q (1921), made Lu Xun a leading Chinese writer.,When did the writer feel worried?A. He heard the news from Miss Chan.B. He heard from Matthew.C. He spent the school day with Beth.D. He met Miss Chan.,I had mixed feelings today, n
9、ervous, worried, happy, excited My heart went down when Miss Chan, our head teacher, said that Matthew and Beth, two students from England, would spend three months with us! I was worried that I had to speak English so much! But at the end of the school day, I was happier than I thought: the morning
10、 with them today was more enjoyable than I expected.,What made the shoe strange was _.A.its colour B.its smellC.its size D.that it was a silk one,Little Tom down the street calls our dog The keep dog. Zip is a sheep dog. But when Tom tries to say Seep, it comes out keep. And in a way Tom is right. Z
11、ip is always bringing things home for us to keep! Ill tell you about some of them. Zips first present was a shoe. It was made of green silk. We didnt know how Zip found the shoe. But after a moment Mary, my big sister, told me the shoe had a strange smell. I nodded(点头)and held my nose. What do you t
12、hink it is? It smells like something for cleaning. I think someone tried to clean a spot (污点) off the shoe. Then he put it at the door to dry.Along came Zip. And good-bye shoe! I said.We should take it back. We cant .said my sistter. Maybe little Tom is right, Mary said. Maybe Zip is a keep dog!,定位原
13、文,如何解答5W1H题？,分析选项,寻读法,读题,分析选项,正确项,1. 同义替换,间接信息题,同义替换,词性变换,计算题,化繁为简,2. 词性变换,3. 化繁为简,干扰项,1. 内容扩大缩小,2. 改变时态，未然当已然,3. 无中生有，主观臆想,4. 偷换概念，张冠李戴,5. 文不对题，答非所问,5W1H,间接信息题,直接信息题,同义替换,词性变换,计算题,化繁为简,一. 直接信息题,回到原文直接找到答案，不需要对信息加工的。,直接信息题,In 1816, Percy Shelley and 19-year-old Mary Shelley visited the poet Lord Byr
14、on at his home in Switzerland. Because of the bad weather they stayed indoors reading horror stories. One night, Byron asked everyone to write their own story. Mary Shelley thought of her dream and wrote the story Frankenstein.,Where was Mary Shelley when she wrote the story Frankenstein?A. In Engla
15、nd. B. In Italy. C. In Switzerland. D. In France.,直接信息题,Mr Smith made many tests (作试验) with different animals and the monkey was the cleverest of all the animals. One day Mr Smith put a monkey in a room. He also put some small boxes in it. In one of the boxes there was some food. How long will it ta
16、ke the monkey to find the food? Mr Smith said to himself. Let me wait and see. He left the room and waited outside. Three minutes later, he put his eye to the keyhole (钥匙眼). What did he see? He saw the eye of the monkey. The monkey was on the other side of the door and looked at Mr Smith through the
17、 keyhole.,Mr Smith made tests with _.A. different animals B. the monkey onlyC. all the monkeys D.all of the cleverest animals,直接信息题,One day he went on a long way alone. Before he left home，his wife said，Now you have all these things. You need them on your way. Take care of your things on the way. He
18、 went to the station. He bought a ticket and got on the train with it.,The old man bought a ticket _.A. after he got on the trainB. before he got on the trainC. when the conductor told him to buy oneD. when he found he had no ticket with him,Leaves are nature s food factories. Plants take water from
19、 the ground through their roots. They take a gas called carbon dioxide(CO2) from the air. Plants use sunlight to turn water and CO2 into glucose. Glucose is a kind of sugar. Plants use glucose as food for energy(f&ft) to grow. The way plants turn water and CO2 into glucose is called photosynthesis.
20、That means putting together with light. A chemical called chlorophyll helps make photosynthesis happen. Chlorophyll is green. It gives plants their green color.,1. Where is CO2 from?A. Ground. B. Roots. C. Sunlight. D. Air.,直接信息题,An old lady in a plane had a blanket（毯子）over her head and she did not
21、want to take it off . The air hostess spoke to her, but the old lady said, “I have never been in a plane before , and I am frightened. I am going to keep this blanket over my head until we are back on the ground again !” ,1. An old lady had _ .A. glasses B. a blanket over her head C. a coat D. a bas
22、ket,2. _ spoke to her .A. The air hostess B. The man next to her C. her husband D. one of her friends,直接信息题,At the Barbers Shop(理发店) Jack went to a barbers shop and had his hair cut, but when he came out, he was not happy with the result(结果). When his friend Bob saw him, he laughed and said, What ha
23、s happened to your hair,Jack? Jack said, I tried a new barbers shop today, because I wasnt quite satisfied with my old one, but this one seems even worse. Bob agreed(同意). Yes, I think youre right, Jack. Now Ill tell you what to do when you go into a barbers shop next time: look at all the barbers ha
24、ir, find out whose hair looks worst, and then go straight to him. Why shall I go to him? Jack asked. But that would be foolish! Oh, no, it wouldnt, answered Bob. Who cut that mans hair? Just think it. He couldnt cut it himself, could he? Another of the barbers cut it. So you know he cant be the wors
25、t barber.,Bob told Jack to find out which barbers hair looked the worst and then go straight to him. Why?A. Because he was certainly the best barber.B. Because he was free all the time.C. Because he was the worst barber.D. Because he wasnt the worst barber.,Mr Perkins New Car Mr Perkin stood at the
26、bus-stop and watched the cars go by. Many of the cars were new Beta 400s, and most of them were yellow. Mr Perkin always wore the same clothes as other men, ate the same food as other people, and did the same things after work, and at the end of the week, Mr Perkin did not like to be different. The
27、following week, Mr Perkin bought a new, bright yellow Beta 400s. He was satisfied with it, and drove to work in it the very next day. He was even more satisfied with his new car, when he saw all the other Beta 400s, in front, behind, and on both sides of him. Mr Perkin parked(停车) his car in a big ca
28、r-park(停车场) near his office,and walked the rest of the way. But when he came back at five oclock, there were so many bright yellow Beta 400s in the car-park that he did not know which car was his. He tried his key in some of the cars, but people passing by gave him a look he didnt like. So he stoppe
29、d. Poor Mr Perkin had to wait nearly two hours until his was the only yellow Beta 400s in the car-park.,1. He drove to work in his new car _.A. the very next day.B. the day he bought it.C. a week he bought in.D. on the day he first watched the cars passing.,2. Mr Perkin had to wait until _.A. there
30、was only one yellow Beta 400s in the car-park.B. there was only one car in the car-park.C. there were no bright yellow cars in the car-park.D. there was no one about to look at him.,5W1H,间接信息题,直接信息题,同义替换,词性变换,计算题,化繁为简,二.间接信息题,回到原文找到相关信息，需要对信息进行加工，最后得出答案。,1.同义替换,意思相同，用词不同,Born in the USA in 1940，Lee
31、returned to his native Hong Kong before his birthdayAs a teenager，the highly intelligent boy was accepted into one of Hong Kongs most famous middle schools but he paid little attention to his studies. He was more interested in sport，especially kung fu，and hanging out with his street-gang friends. In
32、 1959，Lee got into trouble with the police for fightingHis mother，fearing he would end up in prison，sent him to the USA。Two years later，he began studying at university there,1. AS a teenager,Lee was very _ A.quiet B.hardworking C.brave D.smart,intelligent: adj. 聪明的; 理解力强的; 有智力的,1.同义替换,A young man as
33、ked Albert Einstein , the great German scientist , what the secret of success is. The scientist told him that the secret of success is hard work. A few days later the young man asked the same question again. Einstein was very annoyed. He did not say anything ,but wrote a few words on a piece of pape
34、r . On it was written: A=X+Y+Z.“What does this mean ?”asked the young man .“A means “ success”explained the old scientist . “X stands for hard work , Y for good method (方法)and Z means stop talking and get down to work.”,In Einsteins opinion the secret of success was _.A. to work with great energy (精
35、力，活力)B. to study hard day and nightC. to learn from great scientistsD. to raise (提出) questions as many as you could,1.同义替换,It was difficult for Mr. King to stand because _.A. he had drunk too much B. the bus was too smallC. he got on the bus too lateD. it was very crowded in the bus,It was Sunday ye
36、sterday. There was a big football match of the year on the playground in the centre of the city. Mr. King likes the game very much and of course he was going to watch it. With his friends help he got a ticket a few days ago. After breakfast he hurried to the bus stop, but a lot of people were waitin
37、g there. A bus came and he hardly got on. There were plenty of people in it and it was difficult for them to put their feet. He had to grip(抓住)the back of a chair. At the next stop a boy got on the bus. He looked around and saw Mr. Kings beard and grip it. The man found it at once and called out, “L
38、et go of(松开)my beard, boy!”,The story happened during the Second World War(战争).An old man lived in a small town of Germany. He had three sons and they all worked in the same factory where he had worked. After the war had begun , his sons were all made to join the army one after another and they all
39、died in the fights . The old man was very sad . he didnt have enough food and was often hungry. And nobody helped him and he didnt know how to go in living .,The old man was sad because _.A. his three sons all died during the warB. His three sons had to join the armyC. He had no food or clothesD. He
40、 lived in the small town alone,More than seven hundred years ago, the Prince of Wales had a very big and brave dog called Gelert.One day the Prince wanted to go hunting(打猎) with his men. He told his dog to stay at home and look after his baby son. The baby was in a wooden cradle(摇篮), which was like
41、a small bed.,The Prince told the dog to _ when he was leaving.A. watch the doorB. take care of his baby at homeC. welcome his friendsD. stop the strangers,Trees must be grown in _.A.China B.the USA C.some countries D.every part of the world,In 1620, about half the USA was covered(覆盖) by forests. Tod
42、ay the forests have almost gone. A lot of good land has gone with them, leaving only sand(沙地). China doesnt want to copy(抄) the USAs example. Were planting more and more trees. Weve built the Great Green Wall of trees across northern(北部的) part of our country.The Great Green Wall is 7,000 kilometres
43、long, and between 400 and 1,700 kilometres wide. It will stop the wind from blowing the earth away. It will stop the sand from moving towards the rich farmland(农田) in the south. More Great Green Walls are needed. Trees must be grown all over the world. Great Green Walls will make the world better.,M
44、y friend is a taxi driver. He has been a taxi driver for ten years. Its a nice job most of the time. He can meet a lot of people. He always works at night because there is too much traffic during the day. He usually goes home between two oclock in the morning. There are some very strange things, whi
45、ch often happen at night. One day my friend was taking a woman back home from a party at three oclock in the morning. She had her little dog with her. When they got to her house, she found she had lost her key. So my friend waited in the car with the dog while she climbed in through the window. My f
46、riend waited and waited. After half an hour of honking he decided to find out what was going on. He tied the dog to a tree and started to climb in through the window.At that moment some policemen came. They thought my friend was a thief. Luckily, the woman came downstairs. She must have gone to slee
47、p and forgotten about my friend and the dog.,The woman climbed in through the window because _.A. she wanted to have a sleep B. her husband didnt open the door for herC. she didnt want to pay the money D. she couldnt find her key,According to the passage, Helens parents_. A. allowed her to do as she
48、 wished B. gave her too many gifts and sweets. C. did not spend much time with her D. cared little about her education.,On March 3, 1887, the lives of two amazing women were changed forever when Anne Sullivan, a poor university graduate, arrived at the home of the wealthy Keller family to teach thei
49、r six-year-old daughter Helen. It was a difficult job as Helen was unable to see, hear or speak because of illness. Anne had been suggested to the Kellers by her university professor, a close friend of Mr. Keller. Before she arrived, Anne expected her new pupil to be a quiet, weak child. But Helen w
50、as nothing like that. When Anne first walked through the Kellers door, the energetic Helen nearly knocked her over in her hurry to feel Annes face, clothing and bag.,Helen was used to visitors bringing her sweets, and angrily tried to force open Annes case to take her candy. But Anne calmed her down
