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1、Skopostheorie,参考译文Dont be infatuated with me for Im only a legend.,1. definition,What is Skopostheorie? Skopos is the Greek word for aim or purpose and was introduced into translation theory in the 1970s by Hans J. Vermeer as a technical term for the purpose of a translation and of the action of tra
2、nslating .Any form of transnational action including therefore translation itself, may be conceived as an action, as the name implies. Any action has an aim, a purpose. The word Skopos, then, is an technical term for the aim or purpose of a translation Further, an action leads to a result, a new sit
3、uation or event, and possibly to a new object,翻译目的论是功能派翻译理论中最重要的理论， 由德国翻译理论家Vermeer 和Reiss 创立于20 世纪80 年代。翻译目的论有三个基本准则：目的准则、连贯准则和忠实准则。目的准则指翻译应能在译语情境文化中， 按译语接受者期待的方式发生作用， 决定翻译过程的根本准则是整个翻译活动的目的；而“目的”一词常指译文文本所要达到的交际目的。连贯准则是指译文必须考虑接受者的背景知识和实际情况， 最大限度地做到语义连贯， 以便译文接受者能够理解其义符合译入语的表达习惯。忠实准则是指原文和译文中应该存在某种对应关系
4、， 并不要求原文和译文在内容上一字不差。（Nord，2001：32-33）。这三条准则的关系是：忠实准则服从于连贯准则，而这二者服从于目的准则。,三、汉英翻译策略探析根据翻译目的论准则特点， 在汉英翻译中应考虑以下因素： 一是明确汉英翻译的首要目的。它并不是给中国人自己看，而是把汉语的意义内涵用英语传递出来， 让渴望了解这类语言的外国友人能够领会，实现这一特殊的“交际目的”；二是预判由文化差异所带来的受众反应。应面向目标文化受众，考虑他们的文化背景和表达习惯，以确保实现信息传递目的；三是熟悉源语和目标语语体风格与规范。,（一）直译,哥吃的不是面，是寂寞,参考译文：What Im eating
5、is not noodles, but solitude.,（二）直译加注,参考译文：Jia Junpeng, mom wants you back home fordinner！Jia Junpeng is a virtual character of an average boy and this catchphrase, which is originally a colloquial message of a boys mom taken by his playmates, can be used to greet a childhood friend who had become l
6、ost, especially in the virtual world.,信春哥，得永生,信曾哥，不挂科,参考译文1 Believe in Bro Chun, youll live a long life; believe in Big Zeng, youll pass every exam.Bro Chun (Li Yuchun as her full name) and Big Zeng (Zeng Yike as her full name) are nicknames for two famous “Happy Girl” singers in a talent show of Hu
7、nan Satellite TV. Their resemblance became the subject of spoofs on the Internet with fans of the two used the saying to promote their popularity, while those who didnt like them used the saying to make fun of their tomboy looks.,（三）意译,参考译文“Ive paid the debt of gratitude by selling myself! ”,参考译文1“T
8、here is no lack of money! ”参考译文2 Moneys not a big deal! (or Moneys not a problem! ),（四）改译,例：被就业In Chinese, when an ordinarily active verb is deliberately twisted into passive form and bei, the usual equivalent to be in English passive voice, is added before the verb, it often implies the helplessnes
9、s of the person in controlling his own fate.”，,参考译文1：Tableware is to the table what tragedy is to life.参考译文2“The newly coined Chinese phrase beiju is a homonym of the word tragedy. Chinese Internet users banter about life using the humorous metaphors.”参考译文3 “Life is like interjection with cries of w
10、oe.”,1 小草有生命，脚下请留情。2 拜天地3 小心碰头4 五讲四美,参考译文,1 Keep off the grass.2 go through the wedding ceremony3 Mind your head.4 “five stresses and four points of beauty” (compare with: five merits to advocatecivilized behavior, common courtesy, hygienic conditions, proper discipline and public morality; and four
11、 virtues to promotelofty sentiments, refined language, good manners and environmental awareness);,1 I have read your articles. I expected to meet an older man.2 Frighten is their only punishment.3 Down with George W.Bush!4 It was Friday and soon theyd go out and get drunk.,参考译文,1 我看过你的文章，没想到你这么年轻。2 他们虚惊一场。3 打到布什。4星期五发薪日到了，他们马上就要上街去喝的酩酊大醉。,Summary,综上所述，翻译目的论反映了翻译理论的全面转向，即由原先占主导地位的语言学以及侧重形式的翻译理论转向更加注重功能和社会文化因素的翻译观。目的论认为译本的预期目的决定翻译的方法和策略。在翻译过程中应遵循三个原则目的准则、连贯准则和忠实准则。,Thank You!,Add your company slogan,
