名词性从句之宾语从句和表语从句ppt课件.ppt
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1、,Object Clauses 宾语从句,什么是宾语?,I know him.Do you have the time?Why dont you pay attention to me?I enjoy working with you.,宾语位于谓语动词或者介词后,I know him . 2. I know who he is .,主语,谓语,宾语,(简单句),主语,谓语,宾 语 从 句,连接词,从句主语,从句谓语,主 句,(复合句),句子做宾语就是宾语从句,跟在及物动词或介词后,句子结构:主句 +连接词(引导词)+ 宾语从句,宾语从句三要素,引导词(连接词)语 序时 态,句子类型,that
2、,陈述句,一般疑问句,If/whether(是否),特殊疑问词,特殊疑问句,一、连接词(引导词) 1. 当宾语从句是陈述句时(包括肯定句和否定句),连词由that引导,因为that在从句中不作任何成分,也没有任何具体意思,因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略,Lin Tao feels (that) his own team is even better. She says (that) she wont take part in the sports meeting next Sunday.,宾语从句中的连接词that在以下三种情况下不能省略:(1)当that 从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时,第
3、二个that不能省;(2)当that作介词宾语时,that不可省掉。(3)用it做形式宾语的宾语从句Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried. The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do.I think it necessary that you should read English aloud.,2. 当宾语从句是一般疑问句时,由连词whether或if引导, “是否”,不能省略,Lily wanted to know if /whether her
4、grandma liked the handbag .Lets see if /whether we can find out some information about that city .,a.当有or not时就用whether,不用if.I dont know whether or not I will stay.b.介词后面的宾语从句不能用if. I worry about whether I hurt her feeling.,注意 whether和if的使用区别,Practice time,if / whether1. I asked her _ she had a bike
5、.2. Were worried about _ he is safe.3. I dont know _ he is well or not.4. I dont know _ or not he is well.,if / whether,whether,whether,whether,3. 当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时,由疑问词(what, who, whom, which;whose; when, where, how, why等)引导,因为疑问词在从句中担任一定的句子成分,具有一定的意义,所以不可以省略,Do you know what he said just now ?I dont re
6、member when/where we arrived . I asked him where/how/why I could get so much money . Please tell me who whomwhat we have to see .,二、时态1. 如果主句是现在的时态 ,从句的时态可根 据实际情况而定,(包括一般现在时,一般过 去时,一般将来时,现在完成时等),I know he lives here . ( live )I know he lived here ten years ago . (live)I have heard that he will come
7、tomorrow . (come),2.如果主句是过去的时态,那么从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态(包括一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时, 过去完成时),I knew who lived here. (live)I saw she was talking with her mother. (talk with)He was wondering whether his father would come back tomorrow. (come back)He said that he had seen it . (see),3.当从句是客观真理,定义,公理,定理 时用一般现在时。,T
8、he teacher said that the earth travels around the sun. (travel),The teacher told me she _ (be) born in 1960.I heard that she _ (go) to Paris last night.,4. 从句中有具体时间状语,即使从句动作发生在主句动作前,仍用一般过去时。,went,was,1. Mike insisted that we _ (be)late for school. 2. The doctor ordered that she _( stay) in bed for a
9、 few days.,(should) not be,(should) stay,注意:在下列动词接that从句中用 “should+动原”,一个 “坚持” insist(坚持要),两个“命令” command, order (命令),三个“建议” suggest, propose, advise,四个“要求” request, ask, demand, require,三、语序宾语从句的语序用陈述语序:主句连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分,Im wondering what she wants to eat.,1. When will he go to the library? His brot
10、her asks when he will go to the library . His brother asks when will he go to the library .,2. What does he want to buy ? I dont know what does he want to buy. I dont know what he wants to buy .,Whats wrong? Whats the matter? Whats happening? What happened?,注:当从句的原句为以下句子 以及what, who作主语时,语序不变:,I dont
11、 know whats the matter.The doctor asked what was wrong (with her)Can you tell me who is over there?Can you tell me who he is ?,做主语,做表语,否定的转移,若主句谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, guess, imagine等,其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义,一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上,从句谓语用肯定式。,I dont think this dress fits you well. I dont think
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