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1、Chapter 5 Addition,Definition of AdditionAddition means supplying necessary words in translation, making the version grammatically correct, semantically clear, rhetorically sound, logically acceptable, and culturally appropriate.增补法是在翻译中增加必要的词语从而使得译文符合译入语的语法，语义，修辞，逻辑和文化的习惯。,1.结构性增补Difference between
2、 Chinese and English in Structure?汉语：多重复英语：少重复 ，多省略，替代,（1）补充原文省略或被替代的词Eg. She majors in psychology and her brother in sociology. 她主修心理学，她弟弟则主修社会学。We wont retreat, we never have and never will.我们不后退，我们从来没有后退过，我们将来也绝不后退。But we still have defects, and very big ones.但是我们还是有缺点的，而且还是很大的缺点。,（2）补充译文结构或搭配所需要
3、的词Eg. At that time many people could not read or write.当时，许多人不会读书，也不会写字。,Our soldiers have captured a lot of enemies and weapons.我们的士兵俘虏了许多敌人，缴获了很多武器。Globalization is making the world smaller, faster and richer.全球化使世界变得越来越小，社会发展越来越快，人们生活水平越来越富裕。,Scientific and technological advances are enabling us
4、to comprehend the furthest reaches of the cosmos, the most basic constituents of matter and the miracle of life.科学与技术的进步让我们能探索宇宙的边界， 研究物质最基本组成部分，以及寻求生命的奇迹。,2. 语义性增补英汉在语义上的差异是什么？英语多抽象汉语多具体,（1）.补充辅助性名词-范畴词，使 语义具体，清楚。Eg. disintegration土崩瓦解loyalty赤胆忠心far-sightedness远见卓识carefulconsideration深思熟虑withgreate
5、agerness如饥似渴 makealittlecontribution（捐款；捐助）添砖加瓦 lackofperseverance三天打鱼， 两天晒网,This television is indeed inexpensive and fine. 这台电视真是物美价廉。He was wrinkled and black, with scant gray hair. 他满脸皱纹，皮肤很黑，头发灰白稀疏。,(2)补充辅助性动词，以解释名词的意思Eg. We advise an immediate decision.我们建议立即做出决定。I am looking forward to the ho
6、lidays.我在等待假日的到来。I am proud of your historic achievement.我为你们所取得的历史性成就感到骄傲。,（3）补充概括性的词语Eg. Very acute problems exist among them. 他们之间存在着种种非常尖锐的问题。The lion is the king of animals. 狮子是百兽之王。Americans and the Russians have undergone series of secret consultations. 美俄双方已经进行了一系列秘密磋商。,（4）补充解释性的词语，以让读者更好地理解
7、(文化)Eg. She is sitting in a Ford.她正坐在一辆福特汽车里。,（5）补充连接性词语使上下语法或语义紧密联系Eg. Theory is something but practice is everything.理论固然重要，但是实践尤其重要。I had never thought Id be happy to find myself considered unimportant. But this time I was. 以前我从未想过，当我发觉人们认为我是无足轻重时我会感到高兴。但这次情况的确如此。,3. 修辞性增补,(1)增加语气词Eg. Dont take i
8、t seriously. Im just making fun of you. 不要认真嘛！我不过开玩笑罢了。As for me, I didnt agree from the very beginning. 我呢，从一开始就不赞成。,（2）增加量词 Eg. A red sun rose slowly from the calm sea. 一轮红日从风平浪静的海面冉冉升起。A stream was winding its way through the valley into the sea. 一弯溪水蜿蜒流过山谷，汇入海洋。,Homework:P144 Passage translation,Thank you!,
