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1、大学英语四级图表作文,1、图形种类及概述法： 泛指一份数据图表:a data graph/chart /diagram/ illustration/table饼图：pie chart 表格图：table直方图或柱形图：bar chart / histogram趋势曲线图：line chart / curve diagram流程图或过程图：flow chart / sequence diagram程序图：processing/procedures diagram,图表题（table, bar graph, pie chart, line graph）图表题的写作逻辑结构：Part 1: Chan
2、ge / percentage /proportionPart 2: Reasons or implicationsPart 3: Conclusion (effects; implications),图表题（table, bar graph, pie chart, line graph）图表题的写作逻辑结构：Paragraph I:（1）概括描述图表：趋势描写； （2）具体描述图表：必要数据支持（细 节性）。Paragraph II(1)提出自己理由和观点（本段主题句); （2）细节性分论点（主要是原因，用于支 持自己的观点，至少两点）。Paragraph III:（1）预测未来和提出解决方
3、法； （2）总结全文和表达作者自己观点,二、相关常用词组1、主章开头图表类型：table、chart、diagram、 graph、column chart、pie graph描述：show、describe、illustrate、can be seen from、clear、reveal、represent、present内容：figure、statistic、number、percentage、proportion,2、常用的描述用法The table/chart diagram/graph shows （that）According to the table/chart diagram/
4、graphAs （is） shown in the table/chart diagram/ graph, As can be seen from the table/chart/ diagram/ graph/ figures，It can be seen from the figures/statistics (that)We can see from the figures/statisticsIt is clear/apparent from the figures/statistics,不管是graph还是table，都需要进行描述，一般放在文章的第一部分，长度宜适中。描述数据我们要
5、首先看看是几个变量（A），每个变量有几个数据（B），不妨以A*B表示。如果只有一个变量，有三个数据，可以描述如下：From the chart we can see clearly that the average number of hours a student spends on Internet per week has increased from less than two hours in 1990 to nearly six hours in 1995, and then to nearly 20 hours in 2000.,2、图表中的数据（Data）具体表达法数据（Dat
6、a）在某一个时间段固定不变：fixed in time在一系列的时间段中转变：changes over time持续变化的data在不同情况下：增加：increase / grow / rise / go up 减少：decrease / grow down / drop / fall 波动： rebound / wave / fluctuate 稳定：remain stable / stabilize / level off ,3、表示数据变化的单词或者词组rapid/rapidly迅速的，飞快的，险峻的dramatic/dramatically戏剧性的，生动的significant/sig
7、nificantly有意义的,重大的，重要的sharp/sharply锐利的，明显的，急剧的steep/steeply急剧升降的steady/steadily稳固的，坚定不移的gradual/gradually渐进的，逐渐的slow/slowly缓慢的，不活跃的slight/slightly轻微的、略微地stable/stably稳定的,4、其它在描述中的常用到的词significant changes图中一些较大变化noticeable trend明显趋势during the same period在同一时期unequally不相等地in the case of adv.在的情况下in te
8、rms of / in respect of / regarding在方面in contrast相反，大不相同,主体段介绍数据或数据变化趋势的常用词详解（每组背三个足够,）表示上升的动词：Ascend (ascended)/ go up (went up)/grow (grew)/increase (increased)/rise (rose)increase和rise也可以做名词。急剧上升的动词：jump (jumped)/shoot up (shot up)/soar (soared)/surge (soaredsurge可以做名词。,表示下降的动词：decline / decrease
9、/ descend / dip / drop / fall / go down / sink,decrease/drop可以作名词表示急剧下降的动词：plummet / plunge / 表示速度快的形容词、副词(加ly)dramatic / drastic / precipitous / rapid / sharp / steepdramatically / drastically / precipitously / rapidly / sharply / steeply,表示幅度大的形容词，副词(加ly)：marked / substantial / significantmarkedly
10、 / substantially / significantly表示缓慢，逐渐的形容词，副词(加ly)gentle / gradual / slow / steadygently / gradually / slowly / steadily表示小幅度的形容词，副词(加ly)modest / moderate / slightmodestly / moderately / slightly,表示波动的动词：fluctuateFluctuation 表示在一个水平上稳定的动词：level off /level out/hover/stabilize/reached a plateau 都是不及物
11、动词，动词短语一般加atShare values have levelled off after yesterdays steep rise. House prices now seem to be levelling off after the steep rises of the last few years. The rise in the unemployment figures should level out soon.,表示最高点的动词：peak at/reach the highest point atpeak可以做名词表示最低点的动词：reach the bottom at/
12、the lowest point at/bottom out atbottom也可以做名词表示经历了某种变化的及物动词：experience / see / witnessexperienced / saw / witnessed,表示达到多少数量的及物动词或词组：amount to / arrive at / hit / reach / register / stand at表示占.(后面加百分比或数字)的及物动词或词组：account for / constitute / represent / make up表示数据由某几部分组成的及物动词或者词组：A is composed of /
13、comprises / consists of / is made up of.B, C and D.表示大约的副词或短语：about / approximately / around / just over / just under / roughl表示分别地，各自地的副词：respectively,写图表作文时，要注意遵循以下步骤：1）认真分析图表的含义，弄清图表中所含的信息及不同信息间的关系；2）确定文章的主题思想，构思出文章的基本框架，筛选出能说明图表主题思想的典型数据；3）编列文章的提纲；4）根据文章的提纲，将各段的提纲内容扩展成段落，然后将各个段落组成文章，注意段与段之间的衔接与过
14、渡；5）检查与修改。,图表作文的篇章结构写图表作文时，常采用三段式的谋篇方式。文章的第一段往往分析图表中的数据变化反映什么问题或趋势，概述图表所揭示的信息。第二段分析造成这一问题或趋势的原因。第三段则展望未来的情况或提出解决问题的办法或建议。这一结构可以简单地表述为：第一段：概述图表反映的主题思想第二段：分析产生的原因第三段：展望未来或提出方法或建议,第一部分、四六级作文：图表题型作文DIY写作步骤要求考生从一个表格或者图片出发，按照要求写作，如：1996年6月六级作文、2002年6月四六级作文、2003年6月六级作文、2003年9月六级作文。对这类题型，通常分为三个步骤来写：,第一段、说明图
15、表主题句图表说明1图表说明2图表说明3第二段、说明引起变化的原因主题句原因1原因2原因3,第三段、说明影响或者提出解决办法主题句+建议+前景预测,实战演练Directions：For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic People Below Poverty Line. 1、下图所示为1978年，1985年1997年中国贫困线以下人口的变化情况，请先描述其变化。2、请说明发生这些变化的原因（可从改革开放、高科技在生产中的应用等）3、你认为解决目前中国贫困人口还有什么困难或者
16、问题。,第一段：说明图表开篇句：As the bar chart shows, _ during the years of _ to _.扩展句：1、As early as _.2、Then _ years later, _. 3、And arriving in the year _, _.,第二段：解释图表变化原因主题句：Several factors contribute to _.扩展句：1、_. (原因1) 2、And _.(原因2)3、Furthermore, _ (原因3)4、All these result in _.,三段：提出解决办法结尾句：However, _ is fac
17、ed with some problems.扩展句：1、With _, the effect of which is not only discouraging, but also challenging.2、So my principle is to pay due attention to _, but not just to _.,第一段：说明图表开篇句：As the bar chart shows, the number of people below the povertyline decreased dramatically during the years of1978 to 1
18、997.,扩展句：1、As early as 1978, about 250 million people were under the poverty line.2、Thenseven years later, the number became three fifths that of 1978.3、And arriving in the year 1997, the number was reduced to 50 millions.,第二段：解释图表变化原因 主题句：Several factors contribute to the sharp decrease of the belo
19、w-poverty population.,扩展句：1、The reform and opening following 1978 enabled the peasants to become much better off. (原因1)2、And with the development of Chinese economy, that policy also improved city dwellers lives greatly.(原因2),3、Furthermore,the high-tech introduced made it possible for the countrys e
20、conomy as a whole to take off. (原因3)4、All these result in the great fall of the Chinese population below the poverty line.,第三段：提出解决办法结尾句：However,a further decrease in thenumber of poverty-stricken peopleis faced with some problems.,扩展句：1、With quite few employees being laid off, the effect of which i
21、s not only discouraging, but also challenging.2、So my principle is to pay due attention to the newcomers, but not just to care for the poor, say , in remote mountain areas.,第三部分、范文As the bar chart shows, the number of people below the poverty line decreased dramatically during the years of 1978 to 1
22、997.As early as 1978, about 250 million people were under the poverty line. Then seven years later, the number became three fifths that of 1978.And arriving in the year 1997, the number was reduced to 50 millions.,Several factors contribute to the sharp decrease of the below-poverty population. The
23、reform and opening following 1978 enabled the peasants to become much better off. And with the development of Chinese economy, that policy also improved city dwellers lives greatly.,Furthermore, the high-tech introduced made it possible for the countrys economy as a whole to take off. All these resu
24、lt in the great fall of the Chinese population below the poverty line.,However, a further decrease in the number of poverty-stricken people is faced with some problems. With quite few employees being laid off, the effect of which is not only discouraging, but also challenging. So my principle is to
25、pay due attention to the newcomers, but not just to care for the poor, say , in remote mountain areas.,（四）图表作文基本模式,(a) 段落一：According to the figures given in the diagram/picture/pie chart, we can see that _ is increasing in the past_, while _ is decreasing. (从整体上对事物发展的趋势作概括) 段落二：Possible reasons for
26、this are as follows. (问题产生的原因) On the one hand, _. (原因一) On the other hand, _. (原因二) Furthermore, _. (原因三) 段落三： From what has been analyzed, we can draw a conclusion that _. (得出结论) As a matter of fact, with the improvements in _, the trend will go on in the future. (提出改进的方法或措施) Therefore, _. (最后再强调观
27、点),(b) 段落一：The chart gives us an overall picture of the _(图表主题). The first thing we notice is that_(图表最大特点). This means that as _, _(进一步说明). 段落二：We can see from the statistics given that _(图表细节一). After v-ing_(细节一中的第一个变化), the _V-ed+幅度+时间(紧跟着的变化). The figures also tells us that_(图表细节二). (数据位置，如In th
28、e second column), we can see that _accounts for _(进一步描述). 段落三：Judging from these figures, we can draw the conclusion that_(结论). The reason for this, as far as I am concerned is that_(给出原因). / It is high time that (发出倡议),Directions: For this part you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition
29、on the topic Student Use of Computers. You should write at least 120 words and base your composition on the chart and the outline given below,Average number of hours a student spends on the computer per week,1. 上图所示为1990年、1995年、2000年某校大学生使用计算机的情况，请描述其变化；2. 请说明发生这些变化的原因（可从计算机的用途、价格或社会发展等方面加以说明）3. 你认为
30、目前大学生在计算机使用中有什么困难或问题。,Model Composition,Great changes have taken place in student use of computers in the university. The hours the student spent on computers per week skyrocketed from about 2 in 1990 to 20 in 2000, more than 9 times higher. This rapid increase proves that students were in closer co
31、ntact with computers.,To account for this phenomenon, people have come up with various reasons as listed below. In the first place, with the drop in prices of computers, more students could afford computers, therefore they could spend much more time with computers. In the second place, the computers
32、 were applied to wider and wider use and students had to take advantage of this modern invention. Last but not the least important, the development of society pushed computers into more dormitories.,Whatever the reason, there are still some problems with student use of computers. To begin with, many
33、 students still have no computers of their own. Whats more, many students use computers only to play e-games and browse porn websites, which causes harm to their mind.（172 words）,试题一范文,Jobs College Graduates Want to DoThe chart has clearly revealed the differences between female and male students in
34、 their job preferences and choices after graduation.,试题一范文,The most desired jobs for boys, according to priority, are managers, businessmen and lawyers. Girls also like to pursue these professions, but the percentage drops considerably, compared with the great number of girls who are interested in b
35、ecoming teachers.,试题一范文,What has brought about this result? I believe that many girls may prefer the teaching positions because they like to take care of and give guidance to the younger generation, while boys like to become managers and businessmen because they like the idea of standing up to chall
36、enges and want to prove that they have it in them to be both socially and financially successful.,试题一范文,The findings will definitely exert some influence on the university education in China. To better prepare the students for their future jobs, all universities and colleges in China should take into consideration students job preferences, when they design syllabuses and offer courses to their students.,
