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1、屈难平20097831铁车二班,磁悬浮列车的发展和优缺点,2.Maglev Evolution（P171） 磁悬浮（列车）的发展,The concept of magnetically lecitated trains was first identified at the turn of the century by two Americans,Robert Goddard and Emile Bachelet.By the1930s,Germanys Hermann Kemper was developing a concept and demonstrating the use of m
2、agnetic fields to combine the advantages of trains and airplanes.In 1968,Americans James R.Powell and Gordon T.Danby were granted a patent on their design for a magnetic levitation train. 磁悬浮列车的概念在世纪之交有两个美国人Robert Goddard 和 Emile Bachelet首次提出 。 19世纪30年代之前，德国的Hermann Kemper提出了并试验证明了利用磁场将列车和飞机的优点结合起来的
3、概念。在1968年，美国人James R.Powell and Gordon T.Danby因为他们设计的磁悬浮列车而获得了一个专利（被授予专利）。,Under the High-Speed Ground Transportation Act of 1965,the FRA funded a wide range of research into all forms of HSGT through the early 1970s.In 1971,the FRA awarded contracts to the Ford Motor Company and the Stanford Resear
4、ch Institute for analytical and experimental development of EMS and EDS systems.FRA-sponsored research led to the development of the linear electrical motor,the motive power used by all current maglev prototypes.In1975,after Federal funding for high-speed maglev research in the United States was sus
5、pended,industry virtually abandoned its interest in maglev；however,research in low-speed maglev continued in the United States until 1986. 根据1965年实施的高速地面运输法案，直到19世纪70年代初期，美国联邦铁路局（Federal Railroad Administration）注资深入研究了各种形式的告诉地面运输。1971年，为了分析和实验研究电磁悬浮和电力悬浮系统，美国联邦铁路局与福特汽车公司和斯坦福研究院签订合同。美国联邦铁路局发起的这项研究带动了
6、线性电机的发展，当前所有的磁悬浮列车原型都用这种电机提供动力。1975年，在联邦铁路局资助的高速磁悬浮研究在美国停止之后，工业几乎不再对磁悬浮感兴趣；但是，直到1986年之前美国仍在研究低速磁悬浮列车。,Over the past two decades,research and development programs in maglev technology have been conducted by several countries including:Great Britain,Canada,Germany,and Japan.Germany and Japan have inve
7、sted over $1 billion each to develop and demonstrate maglev technology for HSGT. 在过去超过20年的时间里，不少国家开展了关于磁悬浮技术的研究和开发项目，包括：英国，加拿大，德国和日本。德国和日本各自已经投资了超过一亿美元进行磁悬浮技术在高速地面运输中的运用的开发和试验。,The German EMS maglev design,Transrapid(TR07),was certified for operation by the German Government in December 1881.A magle
8、v line between Hamburg and Berlin is under consideration in Germany with private financing and potentially with additional support from individual states in northern Germany along the proposed route.The line would connect with the high -speed Intercity Express(ICE) train as well as conventional trai
9、ns.The TR07 has been tested extensively in Germany,and is the only high-speed maglev system in the world ready for revenue（国家的收入；收益，税收） service.The TR07 is planned for implementation in Orlando,Florida. 德国Transrapid(TR07）电磁悬浮磁悬浮列车的设计被证实是由德国政府在1881年12月开始实施的。一条由德国私人筹资，并且可能得到计划线路沿线德国北部各州的额外支持的，贯穿于汉堡和柏林
10、之间的磁悬浮列车线在德国正在考虑之中。这条线实现了高速城际特快列车和普通列车的连接。TR07在德国已经通过了各种测试，它是世界上唯一一个准备投入商业运营的高速磁悬浮系统。TR07计划在奥兰多，佛罗里达投入使用。,The EDS concept under development in Japan uses a superconducting magnet system. 在日本正在发展的电力磁悬浮是利用的超导磁体系统。,3.Advantages and Disadvantages of Maglev,Mgalevs are cool and fast,sure,but as good as t
11、hey sound there are disadvantages to them.In this page we will take a look at the Maglevs goods and bads. 磁悬浮列车舒适而快捷，当然，和它听起来很好一样，它也有缺点。在下面的内容我们来看一看磁悬浮列车的优缺点。 Advantages : A Maglev is way faster than your usual bullet （子弹）train.Maglevs can reach speeds up to 500 kilometres per hour. 磁悬浮列车比一般高速列车要快，磁
12、悬浮列车最大速度可达到500公里每小时。,Due to its lack of wheels,Maglevs are quieter than normal trains,or sometimes even traffic（无声的）. 由于没有轮对，磁悬浮列车的噪声比普通列车要小，有时候甚至没有。 Maglevs use 30% less energy than normal trains. 磁悬浮列车的能耗相对普通列车降低了30%。 In theory,a Maglev and its track would require very little maintenance;since the
13、 train never touches the track there is virtually no wear and tear. 理论上，磁悬浮列车和它的轨道很需要维修；因为列车和轨道没有接触，所以几乎没有磨损和裂缝。,Disadvantages: The maglevs track is much more expensive than railroad tracks.Whole new sets of tracks would have to be built for the maglev to run.Many transportation vehicles in Europe r
14、un on existing track t,like the TGV trains in France.Although maglevs are pretty quiet,noise caused by air disturbance still occurs. 磁悬浮列车的轨道比铁路轨道贵得多。磁悬浮列车的运行要求必须新修两条轨道。在欧洲，大多数运输车辆都是在现有轨道上运行的，例如法国的TGV（巴黎至里昂间高速火车Train a Grande Vitesse）。尽管磁悬浮列车的噪声很小，但是气流扰动引起的噪声依然存在。 Maglevs are still being developed and improved upon, and someone might just find a way to reduce the cost of the track or a simpler way of constructing the track. 目前，磁悬浮技术仍在不断发展和提高，说不定某个人可能找到一种减少轨道建设费用的方式或者一种更加简单的的方式来建造轨道。,
