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1、O. Henry,Pen name : O.HenryAnother pen name :Olivier HenryHis primitive name : Williams Sydney Porter 原名：威廉姆斯西德尼波特,O. Henry (1862-1910) He was a prolific American short-story writer, a master of surprise endings, who wrote about the life of ordinary people in New York City. Henry was known as a good
2、 end, it was called “O Henry-end”. Although some critics were not so enthusiastic about his work, the public loved it.He was called Prose Laureate of Manhattan and Father of short stories.He is one of three short story master in the world.(O. Henry , Maupassant, Chekhov),创作丰富的美国短篇小说作家，主要描写纽约平民的生活，市民
3、非常喜欢他。以“欧亨利式结尾”闻名于世。曼哈顿桂冠散文作家和美国现代短篇小说之父。世界三大短篇小说大师之一。（欧亨利、莫泊桑、契诃夫）,William Sydney Porter was born in Greenboro, North Carolina. His father was a physician. When William was three, his mother died, and he was raised by his parental grandmother and paternal aunt.William was an avid reader, but at the
4、 age of fifteen he left school, and then worked in a drug store and on a Texas ranch. He continued to Houston, where he had a number of jobs, including accountant,land board clerk, reporter. In 1887 he married Athol Estes Roach; they had a daughter and a son.,出生于美国北卡罗来纳州格林斯波罗镇一个医师家庭，三岁丧母，之后与祖母、姑姑一起生
5、活。狂热的阅读者，但15岁便离开学校。做过许多工作，在药房当学徒，做过会计、土地局办事员、记者。1887年结婚，生有一儿一女。,In 1894 cash was found to have gone missing from the First National Bank in Austin, where Porter had worked as a bank teller. When he was called back to Austin to stand trial, Porter fled to Honduras to avoid trial. After hearing news t
6、hat his wife was dying, he returned to Austin in 1897 . He was convicted of embezzling money, although there has been much debate over his actual guilt. Porter entered a penitentiary at Columbus, Ohio.While in prison, Porter started to write short stories to earn money to support his daughter Margar
7、et. His first work, Whistling Dicks Christmas Stocking (1899), appeared in McClures Magazine. The stories of adventure in the U.S. Southwest and in Central America gained an immediately success among readers.,1894年，欧亨利花250美元买下了奥斯汀的一家周刊，将它更名为滚石（也可以说他创办了滚石杂志），使它成为一份幽默杂志。编辑滚石一年后的1895年4月，它完全失败了，于是他将这份杂志
8、物归了原主。接着，他们搬到了休斯顿 。1896年2月，他受到了盗用公款的起诉，被传受审并被暂时关押。他的岳父将他保释出狱。本来他的案情并不严重，但他在传讯的前一天，1896年7月7日，逃到了路易斯安那州新奥尔良，然后又逃到了洪都拉斯。 1897年2月，他获悉身患结核病的妻子病危，便赶回了奥斯汀。他回国后旋即被捕，但又很快再次被岳父保释出狱。7月25日，他的妻子阿索尔波特（Athol Porter）死于结核病。1899年12月，他以“欧亨利”为笔名在麦克卢尔杂志圣诞专号上发表了短篇小说口哨大王迪克的圣诞袜（Whistling Dicks Christmas Stocking）。,O. Henry
9、 moved to New York City in 1902 , he wrote a story a week for the New York World, also publishing in other magazines. Henrys first collection, Cabbage and Kings(白菜与国王), appeared in 1904. After that, he started a lot of creation.In New York, because a lot of excellent work published, he won fame and
10、money. He was not only extravagant, but gambling, excessive drinking. Tired of writing and living in unrestrained made his body seriously damaged. O.Henry remarried in 1907. Unfortunately, there is no happiness for him.He died of Cirrhosis（肝硬化）on June 5, 1910.Then,he was only 48 years old.,1902年，他移居
11、纽约，成了职业作家，创作了上百篇优秀的短篇小说。1904年，他出版了一生中唯一一部长篇小说白菜与国王（Cabbages and Kings），这是一部结构松散的政治讽刺小说，有时也被视作短篇小说集。在纽约，由于大量佳作的发表，他名利双收，有时也受到记者的采访。可他不仅挥霍无度，而且赌博，染上了他父亲的恶习酗酒。写作的劳累与生活的无节制使他的身体受到了严重损伤。 1907年，他跟早年时代的恋人莎拉林德赛科尔曼（Sarah Lindsey Coleman）结婚。他们是在欧亨利一次回乡期间重逢的。然而这次婚姻并未给欧亨利带来任何幸福，反而带来更多的不和与不快。 1908年，他与第二任妻子离婚。 19
12、10年6月5日，他死于肝硬化。年仅48岁。梦是他最后一篇小说 。,The Romance of a Busy Broker 证券经纪人的浪漫故事The Gift of Magi 麦琪的礼物The Last Leaf 最后一片叶子A Cosmopolite in a Caf 咖啡馆里的世界公民Mammon and the Archer 财神和爱神The Ransom of Red Chief 红色酋长的救赎The Cop and the Anthem 警察和赞美诗,Major Works,The Gift of Magi,Its about the young couple who are sh
13、ort of money but desperately want to buy each other Christmas gifts. Unbeknownst to Jim, Della sells her most valuable possession, her beautiful hair, in order to buy a platinum fob chain for Jims watch; while unbeknownst to Della, Jim sells his own most valuable possession, his watch, to buy jewele
14、d combs for Dellas hair.,The Ransom of Red Chief,Two men kidnap a boy of ten. The boy turns out to be so disgusting that the desperate men ultimately pay the boys father $250 to take him back.,Its about a New York City hobo named Soapy, who sets out to get arrested so he can avoid sleeping in the co
15、ld winter as a guest of the city jail. Despite efforts at petty theft, disorderly conduct, and mashing with a young prostitute, Soapy fails to draw the attention of the police. Disconsolate, he pauses in front of a church, where an organ anthem inspires him to clean up his life and is ironically cha
16、rged for loitering and sentenced to three months in prison.,The Cop and the Anthem,The Last Leaf,The main characters,Sue,Johnsy,Behrman,the doctor,Story,The Young, poor painter Johnsy contracted pneumonia, Sue make every effort to take care of her, but she still did not improve. Johnsy would give up
17、 completely when the last leaf fell to the ground. In order to save her ,Another old artist Behrman climbed the wall to paint the ivy leave in rainy night, which he contracted pneumonia and died two days later. Johnsy survived , the last one was painted by Behrman, became his final masterpiece.,Influence,The father of the modern American short story 美国现代短篇小说之父American life humor encyclopedia美国生活的幽默百科全书Short prose writer laureate as Manhattan 曼哈顿桂冠散文作家,Thank you!,
