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1、专题四：简单句的五大基本句型,英语的基本成分有六种：主语、谓语、宾语表语、状语和定语。基本句型一： （主谓）基本句型二：（主谓系表）基本句型三：（主谓宾）基本句型四：（主谓间宾直宾）基本句型五：（主谓宾宾补）学.科.网,类型1：主语+谓语（不及物vi.）,不及物动词(vi)本身就可以表达完整的意念，不需要宾语及补语学.科.网,但有时可有副词，介词短语，分词，状语从句等修饰谓语动词学.科.网,类型2:主语+谓语(vt.)+宾语学.科.网,及物动词（vt.）不能表达完整的意思，必须跟一个宾语才能使意思完整.,1.2两个例句中这类动词有attempt, help, want, agree, dare
2、, decide, need, desire, expect , intend, learn, offer, promise等,用于这一结构的V有：advise, finish, mind(介意), suggest, enjoy, avoid（避免）, consider（考虑）,cant help（情不自禁）等学.科.网,类型3:主语+谓系+表语,系动词后需要形容词，名词，介词短语等来补充说明主语系动词：一个be，两个似乎（seem, appear）,以及其它感官动词状态延续remain, stay, continue, stand, keep（仍然，保持）状态变化become, get, t
3、urn, go, fall, run, grow, come(变得),类型4：主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语,此类句型中，Vt后必须跟两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。,用to表动作的方向，“朝着，对着”用for表动作的受益者，“为了，替”常跟双宾语的Vt有：（to）： bring, give, lend, offer, promise, send, show, teach, tell, ask, sell, write, return, leave, hand (for) ： buy, call, find, get, make, choose, order, do,eg. She bought me
4、a beautiful skirt. She bought a beautiful skirt for me.,类型5：主语谓语宾语宾语补足语,及物动词本身需要一个宾语外，还需要一个名词，形容词，动词不定式或分词来补充说明宾语。e.g.WeelectedLiYangourmonitor. He got his shoes dirty. Thenewsmadeus excited. I asked her to open the window. He wants me to come early. They believed him (to be) innocent. We consider h
5、er (to be) honest.,I made him finish the job.You mustnt let the matter rest here.在let(让)，make(使得)，have（请，让，使得），see(看)，hear(听到)，watch(观看)，feel(感觉到)，listento(倾听)，lookat(看到)，notice(注意到)等动词后的宾语补足语如果为不定式，则省掉”to”, 但变为被动语态时，则要带”to”.e.g.Wehearhersingnextdoor. Sheisheardtosingnextdoor.,I saw him running off.
6、 I smelt something burning. You must get your hair cut. She had a new cap made.提示：现在分词为宾语补足语时，宾语与现在分词之间是主动关系； 过去分词为宾语补足语时,宾语与过去分词之间是被动关系。,句子成分口诀,主谓宾、定状补，主干枝叶分清楚，主要成分主谓宾，附加成分定状补，定语必居主宾前，谓前为状谓后补。,【巩固提高练习】1.The train is coming2. We all like English. 3. Danny looks happy.,主谓,主谓宾,主系表,4. Mom gave me a pre
7、sent. 5. The story makes me laugh. 6.They work hard.,双宾语,宾补,主谓状,7.The flower is dead. 8.Plants need water. 9.He gave me some seeds.,主谓,主谓宾,双宾语,10.We should keep the plants in the shade. 11.Many animals live in trees. 12.The workers are working hard.,主谓宾状,主谓状,主谓状,(二)并列句 由并列连词把两个或两个以上的互相关连而又互相独立的独句(即简
8、单句)连在一起而构成的句子叫并列句。其结构是：简单句+并列连词+简单句 常用的连词有and,but,or not only.but also,neither.nor,either.or (1)并列连词的选用。 (2)并列连词与从属连词的区别。 ,【例1】 John likes walking in the open air, . 2001 吉林 A.so does Tom B.also does Tom C.tom likes also D.so Tom does ,典型例题解析,【例3】 There will be a volleyball match in our school, ? 20
9、02 福州 A.be there B.is there C.will there D.wont there,A,【例2】 Joke broke his leg，_?2001 南京 A.did he B.didnt he C.do you D.dont you,B,D,【例4】 Neither he nor I_from Canada. We are from Australia.2002 山西 A.is B.are C.am D.be,典型例题解析,C,【例5】 There is a lot of_in the box 2002 吉林 A.cake B.bags of cakes C.milk
10、 D.bags of milk ,C,1.We cant live_water. A.with B.has C.havent D.without2.We must hurry，_we will be late for school. A.and B.or C.but D.if3._you_she are like English. A.Both.and B.Neither.nor C.Either.or D.Not only.but also4.The number of the students_50. A.are B.am C.is D.have5.He was tired,_he sti
11、ll went on working. A.and B.but C.or D.also,课时训练,(D),(B),(A),(C),(B),课时训练,6._Lily_Lucy can go with you. Because one of them must look after their mother at home. A.Neither.nor B.Either.or C.Both.and D.No only.but also7._is made of _. A.Glasses，glasses B.A glass，glass C.Glasses，glasses D.A glass，glas
12、ses8.We are very tired,we should have_rest. A.half an hour B.an hour C.half a hours D.an hours9.I heard her_in the next room. A.singing B.sang C.go sing D.sing,(B),(B),(A),(D),10.I usually have breakfast at home. _. A.So have I B.So do I C.I have so D.I do so11.Open the door，_? A.will you B.wont you
13、 C.dont you D.do you12.He found_interesting to learn English. A.it B.this C.that D.those ,课时训练,(B),(B),(A),13.You usually play football after school,dont you? _.But today I want to read English. A.Yes，I do B.No,I dont C.No,I dont D.No，I do14._good weather it is today! A.How B.How a C.What D.What a15
14、.He hasnt finished the work yet,has he? _.He finished it yesterday. A.Yes,he has B.No,he hasnt C.Yes,he hasnt D.No,he has16.Lets talk about the picture,_? A.will you B.wont you C.shall we D.shant we,课时训练,(A),(A),(A),(C),17.Its a beautiful day. _. A.so is it B.so it is C.so does it D.so it does18.The
15、re is going to _a sports meeting next week. A.have B.has C.hold D.be19.The weather in Beijing is worse than _ in Nanjing. A.that B.those C.it D.this25._TV is my mothers hobby. A.Watch B.Watching C.Seeing D.See,课时训练,B,D,A,B,句型转换1.The mountain is very beautiful.(改为感叹句)_ _beautiful mountain it is!2.How
16、 is the weather in China?(改为同义句)_the weather _in China.3.The boy is the most careless in his class.(改为同义句)The boy is _ _than _boy in his class.4.He didnt watch TV，his mother didnt either.(改为同义句)_he _his mother watched TV.5.I spent the whole afternoon learning English.(同上)I spent _ _ _learning Englis
17、h.,课时训练,What a,Whats,like,more careless,any other,Neither,nor,all the afternoon,6.I spent 100 yuan on the coat.(同上) I _100 yuan _the coat. I _100 yuan _the coat. The coat _me 100 yuan.7.The visitors had a good time in Beijing.(同上)The visitors _ _in Beijing.8.He will come back in a week.(对划线部分提问)_ _will he come back? 9.He has never been abroad.(改为反意疑问句) He has never been abroad，_ _?10.Dont go alone.(改为反意疑问句) Dont go alone,_ _?,课时训练,paid,for,spent,buying,cost,enjoyed themselves,How soon,has he,will you,
