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1、Subjunctive Mood虚拟语气,1.英语动词有三种语气， 陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。2. 定义：用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。,一：虚拟语气在条件状语 从句中的用法。把这个表格记下来。,If 从句的谓语形式,主句的谓语形式,现在,过去,将来,一般过去时,过去完成时,would/could/should/might +V.（原）,would/could/should/might+have done.,1.一般过去时2. were to do3.should+V 原,would/could/should/might +V原,
2、1.If I had a million dollars, I would buy enough houses for homeless.2.If I were you, I would give AIDS patient a hug.3. If I had taken your advice, I wouldnt have made a mistake.4. If you had come earlier, you might have caught the train.5.If it should rain tomorrow, they wouldnt go for an outing.6
3、.I think we could do it, if we planed it properly and could borrow the tools.7. If the sun were to rise in the west , I would marry him.,without和but for 构成虚拟. but for(要不是)Without sunlight, peoples life would be different from today.But for your help, I wouldnt have finished the work.Without your hel
4、p, I would have failed.But for water, it would be impossible to live in the desert.,二：虚拟语气特殊句型：,wish 宾语从句,过去虚拟：现在虚拟：将来虚拟：,过去时（were）,过去完成时,would/could/might+V should,I wish I were a bird.I wish I hadnt made such a mistake.3.We wish our parents wouldnt punish us.,2. would rather (that),现在：过去：将来：,I wou
5、ld rather you paid me now.,I would rather you had gone to Shanghai yesterday.,Dont come. I would rather you came tomorrow.,过去时,过去时,过去完成时,3. as if /though + Clause 虚拟,现在,过去时,过去完成时,He looks as if he were drunk.,They talked as if they had been friends for years.,She loves the baby as if it were her own
6、 son. It seems as if it were spring. I remembered the whole thing as if it had happened yesterday.,过去,注意： 不接虚拟语气的用法，表示可能或真实的 情形。It looks as if I am going to be busy.It looks as though it is going to rain.,4.Its (about/high) time +(that),should +V.,过去时,你该走了。,我们该去睡觉了。,Its time that you went.Its time t
7、hat you should go.,Its time that we went to bed.Its time that we should go to bed.,(should不可省略),5.表示要求，命令，建议的虚拟语气。,宾语从句。常见动词： 一个坚持，两个命令，三个建议，四个要求。即:1. insist 2. order, command 3. advise, (sb. ) suggest, propose4. demand , require, request, desire 这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气。即从句中的动词 使用should + 动词原形，或者将should省
8、略。,1.我们建议Tom 去休息一下。2.他坚决要求我到场。3.国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。4.他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。,We suggested that Tom (should ) have a rest.,He insisted that I (should )be present.,The king ordered that the prisoners (should ) be killed the next day.,They requested that we (should) send them to work there.,以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句包括主语从句，
9、表语从句和同位语从句也要使用虚拟语气。从句中的动词形式一样。 即：(should)V. order, advice, suggestion, proposal, demand, request, desire,Its suggested that the plan be carried out.My demand is that she should come to see me once a week.All of us are for the advice that the chemical factory should be closed down., insist/suggest不接虚
10、拟的用法,（1）. She insisted that she was right.她坚持认为自己是对的。（坚持事实）His uncle insists that he should not stay in the hotel.他的叔叔坚持要求他不要待在旅馆里。,（2）. The look on his face suggested that he was unhappy. I suggested that the teachers wages (should) be increased.,6. If only 要是就好了 If only I knew his name! If only we
11、 had followed your advice! If only I could see him again!,要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。要是我没错过火车就好了！,If only our parents could live with us!,If only I hadnt missed the train!,7. 某些简单句的固定句型：God bless you!May you succeed!Long live the Peoples Republic of China!,三： 虚拟语气假设条件句型注意点：,1.假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致，这
12、种条件句叫做混合条件句。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而定。(“各归各” 的原则）If the weather had been finer last month, the crops would be growing better now.If you had followed the teachers advice, you wouldnt be in the hospital now.,过去,现在,2. 虚拟条件句倒装。 条件从句中有should， were， had三个助动词可以把if省略，并将这三个词提至句首。If I were you, I would give it up.
13、 Were I you, I would give it up.If it were not for your advice, we couldnt have got over the difficulties. Were it not for your advice, we couldnt have got over the difficulties.,If I had had time, I would have run round the lake again.Had I had time, I would have run round the lake again.If there s
14、hould be a flood, what should we do?Should there be a flood, what should we do?,Exercises for the Subjunctive mood,1. When a stick is partly in a glass of water, it looks as though it_.A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken 2. “Are you going to the ball tonight?” “Its too late now
15、. How I wish about it earlier!”A. Ill know B. Ive known C. I know D. Id known 3. The guard of the meeting insisted that everybody_ the rules.A. obeys B. obey C. will obey D. would obey 4. “Jacks been ill for some weeks.” “I know. I wish_ see a doctor.”A. he should B. he can C. hell D. he could,C,D,B
16、,D,5. “You should have gone to the cinema with us yesterday. The film was very good.” “I wish I _ yesterday off. Id have gone with you.”A. have had B. had C. have D. had had6. It is time that we this practice.A. stop B. stopped C. will stop D. have stopped7. I wish I as healthy as my cousin.A. were
17、B. am C. was D. will be 8. The two strangers talked as if they friends for years.A. have been B. are C. were D. had been,D,B,A,D,Summary,一：虚拟语气在条件状语 从句中的用法。二：虚拟语气特殊句型：wish 宾语从句would rather (that)3. as if /though + Clause 虚拟4.Its (about/high) time +(that)5.表示要求，命令，建议的虚拟语气。6.without和but for 构成虚拟. but
18、for(要不是)7. If only 要是就好了 8. 某些简单句的固定句型：三： 虚拟语气假设条件句型注意点：1.混合条件句(“各归各” 的原则） 2.虚拟条件句倒装,一：虚拟语气在条件状语 从句中的用法。,条件从句,If 从句的谓语形式,主句的谓语形式,现在,过去,将来,一般过去时,过去完成时,would/could/should/might +V.（原）,would/could/should/might+have+p.p.,1.一般过去时2. were to do3.should+V 原,would/could/should/might +V原,Thanks for your cooperation!,
