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1、考研英语写作,大作文,命题规律,审题立意,搭建结构,段落写作,1,2,3,4,命题规律,一、题型规律199119961997、199919982000-2012,图画,提纲,图表,命题规律,二、话题规律文化：考过5次1、流行文化：考过3次93年（电视广告）、06年（偶像崇拜）、09年（网络）2、文化交流与融合：考过2次02年（美国小女孩穿中国服装）、10年（文化火锅）青年面对社会：考过4次 03年（温室花朵经不起风雨）、04年（终点 又是新起点）、07年（自信）、08年（团结合作）,命题规律,两代关系：考过3次92年（代沟问题）、03年（温室花朵经不起风雨）、05年（养老足球赛）爱心：考过3次
2、95年（希望工程）、01年（希望是一盏灯）、06年小作文（给希望工程写信请求捐款）环境：考过3次99年图表作文（保护野生动物）、2000年图画作文（保护海洋资源）、09年小作文（限制使用塑料袋）健康：考过2次96年提纲作文（健康）、97年图表作文（吸烟）,命题规律,规律总结：1. 命题侧重于对青年人价值观的塑造2. 考题集中于抽象话题3. 贴近日常生活, 不会涉及政治或敏感话题补充话题： 如何正确评估自己？ 树立怎样的消费观？ 梦想与现实？成功与失败？ 逆境与顺境？,化抽象为具象,审题立意,图画作文写作可能出现的三大问题：,1. 看不懂2. 无话说3. 不会写,审题立意,表达,审题立意,一、一
3、般步骤：,. 提示语定主题,. 图画倾向定立场,审题立意,03 “温室花朵经不起风雨”04 “终点又是新起点”05 “大儿子”“二儿子”“三儿子”“小女儿” “老父亲”，“养老足球赛”06 “把崇拜写在脸上”08 “你一条腿，我一条腿；你我一起，走南闯北”09“网络的近与远”10 “文化火锅既美味又营养”11 “旅途之余”12 “全完了！”，“幸好还剩一点儿！”,1.提示语的特点：,短小精悍,象征名形,审题立意,03 “温室花朵经不起风雨” 找出关键词 （具有象征含义的名词、形容词） 温室 花朵 风雨,2.提示语的理解步骤,审题立意,a. 关联联想,我们是祖国的花朵,花朵,不经历风雨，怎能见彩
4、虹 他说风雨中，这点痛，算什么 让暴风雨来得更猛烈些吧！,挫折,孩子,风雨,确定词语的象征含义,审题立意,b. 反向思考,温室,露天,暖气,冷空气,顺境,逆境,审题立意,c. 化抽为具 温室 花朵 经不起 风雨,顺境,挫折,经不起,父母对独生子女的培养教育问题,独生子女,父母的庇护,孩子,温室花朵经不起风雨,2003,审题立意,二、立意原则：,适度推导,切忌：就图说图 过度推导,审题立意,审题立意,. 图画倾向,2009,网络的“近”与“远”,审题立意,找出图画着重强调的地方,粗线条、体积、言语、表情、动作,紧随对青年人价值观塑造主流,正面、积极向上,图画倾向定向方法：,2009,图一：把崇拜
5、写在脸上。 图二：花300元做个小贝头。注：Beckham（贝克汉姆）：英国足球明星。,2006,搭建结构,到底写几段？ 2010describe/explain/comment2009describe/explain/comment2008describe/interpret/comment2007describe/explain/example2006describe/interpret/view2005describe/interpret/comment2004describe/interpret/example,3段数4,段落写作,2008,段落写作描述段写法,一：主题词： 二：关键词
6、：,team work/ team spirit/ cooperation,disabled/handicapped mentools/crutches left behindlegs bound togetherhelp/support each other with firm handsrunning/walking/striding forward,合作/互助,残疾人/ 扔下拐杖 /两腿绑在一起 /相互搀扶/向前奔跑,描述段写作步骤,你一条腿 我一条腿 你我一起 走南闯北,The caption reads, “You have only/merely one leg and so do
7、 I. Helping each other, we can travel all around”,三：提示语的翻译,The caption indicates that they can travel north and south extensively with combined legs.,描述段写作步骤,2008,两个残疾青年 ，抛开拐杖，两腿绑在一起，相互搀扶正在向前奔跑。 Two disabled young men, with crutches left behind and legs bound together, are supporting each other with
8、 their firm hands and running forward on the ground. Two handicapped young men are striding forward on the ground. Crutches left behind and legs bound together, they are supporting each other with their firm hands.,四：连词成句,宏观概述+细节描述,（宏观概述）As is vividly depicted in the picture, there are two disabled/
9、handicapped young men running / walking /striding forward (现在分词伴随状语)on the ground/in the fields.,五：融汇成段,（细节描述）Crutches left,behind and legs bound together, they are supporting each other with their firm hands.,（提示语翻译）The caption reads,“You have only/merely one leg and so do I. Helping each other, we
10、 can travel all around”.,（结尾套话）By carefully,examining this picture, we find a deeper social message is transmitted to us.,描述段写法总结：第1句：宏观概括 （图画最直观信息）第2-3句：细节描述（只描述与寓意相关的信息）第4句：提示语翻译第5句：结尾套话,4-5句,描述段写作套路与表达,(宏观概括) As is vividly depicted/portrayed in the picture, there is/are +(伴随状语) with/ing/ed+ (提示语翻
11、译) The caption indicates that/reads：“”+(结尾套话) By carefully examining this picture, we find a deeper social message is transmitted to us.,图一：把崇拜写在脸上。 图二：花300元做个小贝头。注：Beckham（贝克汉姆）：英国足球明星。,2006,段落写作描述段写法,第1句：宏观概括一位脸上写有BECKHAM的中国男人去理发店剪和偶像一模一样的发型第2-3句：细节描述花300元、灿烂地微笑、满意第4句：提示语翻译把崇拜写在脸上第5句：结尾套话,(2006) A
12、s is vividly depicted in the photos above, there is a Chinese young man writing BECKHAMthe name of a very famous and popular British soccer staron his face and going to the hair studio to have a hairstyle that is exactly the same as his idols, even willing to spend three hundred Yuan, with a shining
13、 smile hanging on his face full of content and satisfaction, as if he proved to be Beckham himself. The caption indicates that worship for the idol is written on his face. By carefully examining these two pictures, we find a deeper social message is transmitted to us.,举一反二 阐释图画寓意+两个层次(原因/对比/例证) 起承转合
14、 阐释图画寓意（起）+寓意分析/原因分析/ 例证分析/数据分析/谚语名言（承） +反面论证（转）+综合归纳（合）,段落写作拓展段写法,拓展段落写作套路与表达,举一反二模式： (主题句)Apparently, the purpose of the picture is to(两个层次)Firstly/In the first place/To begin with/On the one handSecondly/In addition/Furthermore/ On the other hand (Thirdly/ Consequently/ Last but not least),2008,图
15、画寓意： 两个层次：,社会需要-在当今社会，想要实现抱负就必须依赖于团结互助b. 个人需要-个人成功与否也依赖于是否愿意团结互助,团结互助的重要性,拓展段落写作套路与表达,举一反二模式,（阐释寓意）Undoubtedly, the cartoon arouses our deep concern over the issue of mutual support. The message conveyed in it, I suppose, is twofold. （两方面原因）In the first place, in contemporary world, if one wants to
16、achieve something or intends to fulfill one of his ambitions, he has to work hard, make efforts and get prepared on the basis of his team. Secondly, the difference between a man who succeeds and one who does not mainly lies in the fact whether or not he could cooperate successfully with others. （08年
17、）,拓展段落写作套路与表达,起承转合模式：(主题句)Apparently, the purpose of the picture is to(举例论证)For example /instance /To demonstrate /A good case in point is that/It is best exemplified by/To name but one example (对比论证)On the one hand on the other hand (谚语名言)As XX puts it,”/As the old saying goes,”(反面论证) However/Never
18、theless/On the contrary(综合归纳) All in all/In short/In a word/Generally speaking,拓展段落写作套路与表达,阐释图画寓意（起）： 团结互助的重要性2. 例证分析（承）：姚明、嫦娥1号3. 反面论证（转）：不合作则会受思维和资源的限制4. 综合归纳（合）：须发扬团结互助精神,起承转合模式,(起)Apparently, the purpose of the picture is to remind us of the importance of cooperation in our daily life.(承) Take b
19、asketball hero Yao Ming for an example, he can slam the dunk smartly because all his teammates contribute more or less to his outstanding performance. Likewise, the successful launching of Change No.1 lunar probe should be attributed to the Chinese scientists joint efforts instead of individual acco
20、mplishment. (转)If we work separately, we will be confined to frail minds and limited resources. (08),2004,终点又是新起点,起承转合模式,(04年)(起) Apparently, the purpose of the picture is to demonstrate the meaning that life is like the process of running in which one should make constant efforts and never stop mak
21、ing progress. (承1-原因分析) Owing to the quickening pace of life, competition goes increasingly fierce in all walks of life, stimulating everyone to pursue one goal after another. (承2-寓意分析) No matter how powerful a country is, no matter how successful a specific institution is , it will definitely seek
22、new development in high speed.,(承3-谚语名言)As Deng Xiaoping, the great Chinese leader said, “Development is the inarguable truth.” (转)Once a person stops making progress, he can hardly maintain his past glory or survive in this competitive world. (合) Generally speaking, neither a country nor a person c
23、an remain stagnant.,举例论证段总结归纳中心句+例证1+例证2+结论句建议措施段总结归纳中心句+建议1+建议2+建议3+结论句,段落写作结论段写法,结论段写作套路和表达,（中心句）On the basis of the analysis above, we may draw a conclusion that/From the above analysis, we may safely arrive at the conclusion that/According, it is vital/imperative/of great importance for us to(2-
24、3个建议)(末尾结论句) Only in this way can we/Only by our joint effort can we,万能建议：国家立法+社会关注+个人意识,2005,(05年) (中心句)Therefore, it is imperative for us to take drastic measures. (两个建议)To begin with, relevant laws and regulations should be made to severely punish those who shun the responsibilities of caring the
25、ir parents. In addition, we have to cultivate the awareness of the young that respecting the old has always been the traditional virtue of Chinese culture. (结论句)Only in this way can we curb the current evil phenomenon revealed in the picture.,2008,（08年）(结论中心句)On the basis of the analysis above, we m
26、ay draw a conclusion that cooperation and team work really count in this competitive society. (两个建议)Hence, we should associate ourselves harmoniously with our companions in every attempt towards our goals. In addition, it is indispensable to train our kids frequently to interact smoothly with others in a team. (结论句)As the proverb goes, “unity is strength.”,考研写作建议,1. 背诵：滚瓜烂熟！脱口而出！多多益善！2. 默写：仔细对比原文，发现写作弱点3. 仿写：提升考研英语写作实力,Thank you !,
