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1、,部编本人教版二年级语文下册,25 羿射九日,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状
2、元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状
3、元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,sh,ju,zh,rn,li,jin,jin,n,li,cun,yn,hi,zhun ji,c,z,tn,xn,羿射九日 觉得 值日 熔化人类 艰难 神箭手 神弓爆裂 乱窜 炎热 害怕 庄稼 从此 滋润 奔腾 重新,值,熔,艰,裂,箭,窜,炎,庄,稼,滋,腾,射,我会写,认真观察，将上面的生字按结构分类。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成
4、才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成
5、才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,觉,值,类,艰,弓,炎,害,此,新,认真读课文，读准字音，试着把课文读通顺，想一想课文是按什么顺序来写的，然后说一说课文的主要内容。,事情发展的先后顺序,课文讲述的是在很久很久以前，天空中同时出现了十个太阳炙烤着大地，人类的生活十分艰难，神箭手羿
6、用神弓射下了九个太阳，让大地重新回到了生机勃勃的景象。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元
7、成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元
8、成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,再读课文，分清课文层次，并概括每层大意。,第一层,事情的起因（1-3）：,十个太阳炙烤,大地，人类生活艰难。,第二层,事情的经过（4-6）：,后羿射下九个,太阳。,第三层,事情的结果（7）：,大地重新回到,生机勃勃的景象。,自由读课文第一部分，思考：十个太阳开始是怎样为大地工作的，后来变成怎样了，为什么会发生这样的变化？,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元
9、成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元
10、成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,十个太阳每天轮换，给大地万物带来光明和温暖。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成
11、才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成
12、才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,写出了太阳的顽皮，使故事充满童趣。,写出了十个太阳一起出现时的威力。,可是，有一天，这十个太阳觉得轮流值（zh）日太没意思啦，于是，他们一齐跑了出来，出现在天空中。十个太阳像
13、十个大火球，炙(zh)烤着大地。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状
14、元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状
15、元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,禾苗被晒枯了，土地被烤焦了，江河里的水被蒸干了，连地上的沙石好像都要被熔(rn)化了。人类的日子非常艰(jin)难。,这句话写出了十个太阳同时出现对大地万物的伤害，点明了羿射九日的原因。,禾苗被晒枯了,土地被烤焦了,江河里的水被蒸干了,沙石好像都要被熔化了,用一个排比句写出春天来了，大自然的变化。 春天来了，小草_。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成
16、才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成
17、才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,神箭(jin)手羿决心帮助人们脱离苦海。他翻过九十九座高山，蹚(tn)过九十九条大河，来到东海边。,写出了羿一路上的艰辛，说明他是一个不怕困难的勇士。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路
18、,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路
19、,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,羿一口气射下了九个太阳，炎(yn)热渐渐退去。羿又伸手拔箭，准备射下最后一个太阳。这个太阳害怕
20、极了，慌慌张张地躲进了大海里。,因为他知道自己做了错事，怕自己也被羿射中，反衬出了羿的本领高强。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路
21、,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路
22、,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,天上没有了太阳，整个世界一片黑暗。羿想，没有了太阳，就没有了光明和温暖，庄(zhun)稼(ji) 不能生长，人类和动物也没法活下去。于是，羿留下了最后一个太阳。,从这段话可以看出羿还具有什么品质?,羿不但本领高强，而且有勇有谋，一心为人民着想。,从此，太阳每天从东方升起，到西方落下。土地渐渐滋(z)润起来，花草树木渐渐繁茂(mo)起来，江河奔腾(tn)欢唱，大地上重新现出了勃勃生机。,天上只剩下一个太阳后，大地充满勃勃生机的美好景象。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状
23、元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状
24、元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,起因：十个太阳炙烤大地、人类生活艰难,经过：羿射下了九个太阳,
25、结果：大家感激后羿,这篇神话传说讲述了羿一心为百姓着想，英勇射掉九个太阳的故事，体现了他为百姓着想，为民除害的大无畏精神。,尧时十日并出，草木焦枯，尧命羿射十日，中其九日，日中九乌皆死，堕其羽翼，故留其一日也。,【译文】尧统治的时候，有十个太阳一同出来，花草树木枯死。（于是）尧派后羿射十日，射掉九个太阳，太阳里的九只鸟都死了，它的羽翼都掉了，故意留下它一个太阳。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成
26、才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成
27、才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,一、辨字组词。,感觉,党员,艰苦,根据,从此,比如,一棵树,一颗星,二、根据课文内容填空。,禾苗被_了，土地被_了，江河里的水被_了，连地上的沙石好像都要被_了。 人类的日子非常_。,晒枯,烤焦,蒸干,熔化,艰难,三、拓展阅读。,夸父
28、与日逐走，入日；渴，欲得饮,饮于河，渭；河，渭不足，北饮大泽。未至，道渴而死。弃其杖，化为邓林。,夸父逐日,【译文】夸父与太阳赛跑，一直追赶到太阳落下的地方；他感到口渴，想要喝水，就到黄河、渭河喝水。黄河、渭河的水不够，又去北方的大泽湖喝水。还没赶到大泽湖，就半路渴死了。他遗弃的手杖，化成桃林。,课后习题参考答案,1.默读课文，不要指读。,老师指导：默读时，我们要做到：不发声读，不动嘴唇，不用手指着读，还要边读边思考。,2.根据表格里的内容，讲一讲这个故事。,老师指导：同学们可以在熟悉课文内容的基础上按事情的起因、经过、结果来讲讲这个故事，注意语句通顺，把羿射九日的经过当作重点讲具体。,3.你
29、觉得故事里哪些内容很神奇？和同学交流。,老师指导：羿射九日是一个神话故事，神话具有很多神奇的想象和幻想，寄托了古代劳动人民对自然现象和社会生活的一种天真的解释和美好的向往，同学们可以选择自己觉得神奇的内容跟大家交流。,熟读课文，会认会写本课生字词。用自己的话将这篇课文所讲的故事讲给父母听。,激励学生学习的名言警句51关于学习或励志的名言警句1百川东到海，何时复西归；少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。意思是：时间像江河东流入海，一去不复返；人在年轻时不努力学习，年龄大了一事无成，那就只好悲伤、后悔。出自汉乐府长歌行2 成人不自在，自在不成人。意思是：人要有所成就，”必须刻苦努力，不可放任自流。出自（宋）罗
30、大经鹤林玉露引朱熹小简3 读书百遍，其义自见。 意思是：能把一本书读过百遍，其中的含义自然就领会了。出自三国志魏书。4 读书破万卷，下笔如有神。意思是：读书多了，下笔写文章就如有神助。出自（唐）杜甫奉赠韦左丞丈二十二韵。5 大志非才不就，大才非学不成。 意思是：没有才，宏伟的志向就不能实现；不学习，就不能成大才。出自6（明）郑心材郑敬中摘语。6 非学无以广才，非志无以成学。意思是：不学习便无法增长才于，没有志向就难于取得学业上的成功。出自诸葛亮集诫子书。7发愤忘食，乐以忘忧，不知老之将至。 意思是；下决心学习，连吃饭也忘记了；有所心得便高兴得忘记了忧愁，不知道老年就要逼近了。出自论语述而。8功
31、崇惟志，业广惟勤；惟克果断，乃罔后艰。 意思是：取得伟大的功业，由于有伟大的志向；完成伟大的功业，在于辛勤不懈地工作；办事果断，没有后患。出自尚书周官。9 积财千万，不如薄技在身。 意思是：积累许许多多的财富，不如学习一种小小的技术。出自颜氏家训勉学。 10 立志言为本，修身行乃先。意思是：人的立志，语言忠实是它的根本；修养自已的品德，应以行动为先。出自（唐）吴叔达言行相顾。 11 莫等闲白了少年头，空悲切。 意思是：不要虚度年华，不然到了满头白发之时，只有徒叹奈何了。出自（宋）岳飞满江红。12 人品、学问，俱成于志气；无志气人，一事做不得。意思是：一个人之所以具有高尚的品德，渊博的学问，都是
32、由于他有志气；没有志气的人，什么事也做不成。出自（清）申居郧西岩赘语。13 山积而高，泽积而长。 意思是。山是由土石日积月累而高耸起来的，长江大河是由点滴之水长期积聚而成的。比喻知识、业绩都是由少到多，由小到大长期积累、创造而成功的。出自（唐）刘禹锡唐故监察御史赠尚书右仆射王公神道碑铭。14为学之道，必本于思。思则得知，不思则不得也。 意思是：学习必须以思考为根本，思考就能得到知识，不思考就得不到知识。出自（宋）晁说之晁氏客语15为学正如撑上水船，一蒿不可放缓。 意思是：作学问就象撑着逆水的船，连一蒿也不能放松。比喻学习不要自满，要坚持有恒。16 为学须先立志。意思是：作学问首先应当立志。出自
33、朱熹语录17 学者不患立志不高，患不足以继之耳；不患立言不善，患不足以践之耳。 意思是：作学问的人不怕志向立得不高，就怕不能持之以恒；不怕作品里的话说得不漂亮，就怕自己不照着做。出自 薛方山记述上篇18学者大不宜志小气轻，志小则易足，易足则无进；气轻则以未知为已知，未学为已学。 意思是：学习要树立大志，没有大志就容易自满，自满了就不易有长进了。学习要有勇气，缺乏勇气，不懂的东西会自以为已经懂了，没有学到的东西会以为已经学到。出自近思录集注卷二。19学不博者，不能守约；志不笃者，不能力行。 意思是：学识不广博，就不能得其要领；志向不笃诚，就不能努力去做。出自（宋）杨时二程粹言论学。20学贵知疑，小疑则小进，大疑则大进。 意思是：学习贵在懂得提出疑问。有小疑问得到解决，总能有小进步；有大疑问得到解决，就能有大进步。出自格言联壁学问类。,
