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1、English Writing II,Unit 5,Objective:Exemplification,Part I Warm-up Activities,Complete the following sentence, telling us your ideal job in the future, then give your reason (s).I want to be _. Reason (s): _ _ ,Part II Exemplification,Examples are specific details or instances that serve to illustra
2、te a more general idea or statement. They not only make things clearer but also help to persuade and convince.,Organizational Structure,Read the following two paragraphs and then try to summarize the different organizational patterns of exemplification.Sample 1Questions:1. What is the controlling id
3、ea of the paragraph? The first sentence expressed the controlling idea of the paragraph.,2. How many reasons are given to illustrate this idea? Five.Work in groups and discuss the organization of this paragraph and complete the following outline:Topic sentence: Working as a cook at the Venture Inn i
4、s the best job I have ever had.,Reasons: 1. I have a steady forty-hour workweek, along with a chance for overtime if I want it. 2. I can eat whatever I like, and I get a chance to take steak and sometimes lobster home to my wife. 3. I dont have any big hassle with my boss; if I have to report late o
5、r skip a day now and then, all she asks is that I call her in advance. 4. The pay is very good, averaging close to $200 the weeks that work overtime. 5. The job is seasonal.,Sample 2Questions:1. What is the controlling idea of the paragraph? The first sentence expressed the controlling idea of the p
6、aragraph.,2. How many examples are given to illustrate this idea? Are they effective? Only one, and it is effective, because through this example, readers tend to be convinced that a career can really be ruined in one moment.,Summarize the organizational patterns of exemplification1. Use several fac
7、ts, examples, details, or reasons to support the controlling idea of the paragraph. 2. Use one detailed example or extended illustration to clarify or to prove the controlling idea of the paragraph.,Using Effective Examples,SampleQuestions:1. What is the controlling idea of the paragraph? The contro
8、lling idea is: To be successful in a job interview, the applicant should demonstrate certain personal and professional qualities.,2. How many examples are given to illustrate this idea? Are they effective in illustrating the controlling idea? Four. The examples are effective because they tell the re
9、ader what “certain personal and professional qualities” should be demonstrated in a job interview.,Look at the examples given below and decide whether they can be used to illustrate the topic sentence “I had a terrible day at the office today.”1. I had a fight with my boss. Comment: Its specific and
10、 relevant.2. I quarreled with my husband last night. Comment: It is irrelevant because it did not happen today.,3. One of the important documents was missing. Comment: It is specific and relevant.4. I was unhappy all day. Comment: Its not specific, therefore ineffective.5. I forgot an appointment wi
11、th one of my clients and was severely scolded by my boss. Comment: Its specific and relevant.,Then, discuss in groups which pattern you will follow if you are asked to write a paragraph with this topic sentence. How many examples do you think are needed to illustrate this controlling idea? It has to
12、 follow the first pattern. This controlling idea needs more than one example to show how terrible the day is. One example is far from enough to convince the reader.,Summarize the rules for choosing good examples, based on the group discussion. Examples chosen to illustrate the controlling idea of a
13、paragraph should be a) relevant, b) specific, and c) sufficient so that they can help to clarify or prove your point in an effective way. The number of examples you choose depends on the controlling idea and the length of the paragraph.,Linking Devices,SampleQuestions1. Which is the topic sentence o
14、f this paragraph? The topic sentence is the first sentence of the paragraph.,2. How many examples are given to illustrate this point? Four.3. Can you follow the examples easily? Why? Yes, because all the examples are linked by transitional words and phrases.,Read the sample. Work in groups and find
15、out those words and phrases that link the four examples in this sample paragraph.Exemplificationfirst of allalsoanother reasonthe last and most important reason,Other expression indicating exemplification,For example For instanceSuch asA leading example can be illustrated by First / second / thirdMo
16、reoverAnd Besides,In particularIn generalIn most casesTake for exampleIn additionWhats moreFurthermoreFinallyMost importantly,Unit Summary,In this unit we have discussed two patterns of organization used in exemplification: 1) the use of a series of examples facts, details or reasons to support the topic sentence; 2) the use of one extended example to clarify or to prove the controlling idea of the paragraph. We must choose sufficient examples that are relevant and specific. We cannot overemphasize the use of linking devices.,
