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1、语态：表示主语和谓语动词之间的关系。英语有两种语态，即主动语态和被动语态。,主动语态：表示主语是动作的执行者。被动语态：表示主语是动作的承受者。如：Many students study English.(主动语态) English is studied by many students. (被动语态),语态,by many students.,1.Many students study English.,English,is studied,2.They make shoes in that factory.,Shoes,are made,by them,in that factory.,I
2、.一般现在时的被动语态结构：,is/are+过去分词,1.They play football on Sunday.2.Lucy does the homework in the evening.3.They often use computers in class.4.We make these machines in Beijing.,Football is played by them on Sunday.,The homework is done by Lucy in the evening.,Computers are often used by them in class.3.,T
3、hese machines are made in Beijing.,2.They make shoes in that factory.,Shoes are made (by them) in that factory.结构：am/is /are +过去分词,1. The Olympic Games every four years. （2013年新课标版，32）A are heldBwere heldCare holdingDwill hold2. Today Chinese _ by more and more people around the world. （2014年北京真题，35
4、）A. was spoken B. is spoken C. spoke D. speak,A,B,1. They bought a computer last term,by them last term.,II.一般过去时的被动语态结构：,was/were +过去分词,last year.,2.We planted many trees last year.,Many trees,were planted,A computer,was bought,The lost boy _ at the street corner last night. A. was found B. is foun
5、d C. was looked for,task,1.The man repaired the car yesterday. The car _ _ by the man yesterday. 2.Mr Song encouraged us to study hard last week. We _ _ to study hard by Miss Peng last week.,was,repaired,were,encouraged,5.They built the tall building last year.6.He took good care of his little broth
6、er yesterday.7.We cleaned our classroom just now.8.They used the rooms for resting.,The tall building was built by them last year.,His little brother was taken good care of by him yesterday.,Our classroom was cleaned by us just now.,The rooms were used for resting by them.,1. The road _ last year. （
7、10年北京真题，34） A. builds B. built C. was built D. is built2. The doctor looked over Peter carefully after he _ to the hospital. （09北京真题，36） A. takes B. is taken C. took D. was taken,C,D,面条昨天被妈妈吃了,Translate this sentence.,The noodles were eaten by mother yesterday.,这些建筑物是工人们在1982年建的。,Translate this sent
8、ence.,These buildings were built by workers in 1982.,Irregular Verbs (部分不规则动词),taken,eaten,grown,built,sent,bought,fed,III.含有情态动词的被动语态结构：,can/may/must/should + be+过去分词,1.Amy can take good care of Gina ,by Amy.,Gina,can be taken good care of,2.You should drink more water.,More water,should be drunk,b
9、y you.,9.He can take care of the baby.10.Lucy may draw the pictures.11.You must turn off the lights.12.They should learn English well.,The baby can be taken care of by him.,The picture may be drawn by Lucy.,The lights must be turned off by you.,English should be learned well by them.,3.一般将来时的被动语态结构：
10、,will be+过去分词,1.They will finish the work in ten days.,by them in ten days.,The work,will be finished,2.Tom will clean the room tomorrow.,The room,will be cleaned,by,Tom,tomorrow.,We will have a sports meeting next week.Children will take some photos in the schoolyard tomorrow.The headmaster will gi
11、ve a talk this afternoon.,A sports meeting will be had by us next week.,Some photos will be taken by children in the school tomorrow.,A talk will be given by the headmaster this afternoon.,5.现在进行时的被动语态的结构,is / am / are + being 过去分词,1.Some workers are painting the rooms now,by some workers now.,The r
12、ooms,are being painted,2.He is watching TV.,TV,is being watched,by him.,6.现在完成时的被动语态的结构,have / has been 过去分词,1.We have made twenty more keys,by us.,Twenty more keys,have been made,2.We have finished our compositions.,Our compositions,have been finished,by us.,Such books are written for children. 这些书
13、是为儿童写的。,被动语态的用法,（1）不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁.,Its said / reported / + that 据说/据报道Its reported that it will rain tomorrow. 据报道，明天会下雨。,（2）强调动作的承受者，这时应用by短语。,The cup was broken by David.,（3）作客观说明时，常采用一种被动语态句型.,二.主语+谓语V+间接宾语+直接宾语,1. (1).give sb sth,(2).pass sb sth,(3).show sb sth,(4).send sb sth,注意,(1)将sb转变成被动
14、句中的主语,(2)将sth转变成被动句中的主语, 别忘+ to,(5).teach sb sth,(6).tell sb sth,Li Ping gave him an apple.,Eg:,(1).He_ _ an apple by _.,was given,(2).An apple _ _ _ him by Li Ping.,Li Ping,was given to,2. (1).make sb sth,(2).buy sb sth,(3).cook sb sth,(1)将sb转变成被动句中的主语,(2)将sth转变成被动句中的主语, 别忘+ for,注意,Eg:,She bought m
15、e a new skirt.,(1).I _ _a new skirt by her.,(2).A new skirt _ _ _ me by _.,was bought,was bought for,her,三.被动语态注意事项：,1. Vi 没有被动语态,(1).happen,(2).take place,(3).belong to,The car isnt belonged to me.,The car doesnt belong to me.,Eg:,1,2,It was happened 2 years ago.,It happened 2 years ago.,3.,Great c
16、hanges were taken place 2 years ago.,took,2. 特殊系动词 没有被动语态,(1).The fruit was tasted delicious.,tasted,(2).His face was turned red.,turned,_,_,改错,_,3.表状态的vt,如fit(合适),cost(花费) 无被动语态,The coat is fitted me well.,fits,_,改错,The watch is cost 100 yuan.,_,costs,4. 三个使役动词在被动中要还原to,Let sb do.,make sb do.,have
17、sb do.,The boss made him work 10 hours.,He _ made _ work 10 hours (by boss).,Eg:,was,to,5. 感官动词在被动中也要还原to,do,doing,See sb,watch,hear,I saw the boy read the book.,The boy _ _ _ read the book.,was seen to,Eg:,So,助动词,情态动词,连系动词,主语,表示”A怎样,B也一样”,+,+,1.He is a teacher.,So _ I .,2.She can play soccer.,So _T
18、om.,3.He likes watching TV.,So _I.,So _my mother.,am,can,do,does,6. Good medicine _ bitter to the mouth. A. tastes B. is tasted C. taste This pen _ well. A. is sold B. sell C. sells,感官动词, 和sell等动词用主动语态表被动.,.,思考3: 选择1.The pen _well. A . is written B . writes 2.The music _ nice. A . sounds B . is soun
19、ded,B,A,有些动词的主动形式表示被动含义,注意问题3：,1.read,sell, last, wash, write等带状语（well, easily)时。如:Her book sells well.,2.感官动词feel, look, smell, sound, taste等与形容词连用时。 如：The cake tastes delicious.,7. Many people _ during the earthquake in May, 2008. A. were died B. dead C. died,happen, last, die等动词不使用被动.,1.It will h
20、appen in 50 years. ( )2.It will be happened in 50 years. ( ),注意问题2：,不及物动词没有被动语态，如： happen, take place , begin , become dissappear, come out.,思考2: 判断下列句子的正误,挑战,x,8. The man _ clean the toilet because he _ rubbish when the police walked past the park. A. was made; was seen to throw B. was made to; was
21、 seen throwing C. made; saw,see / hear sb. do sthbe seen / heard to do sthsee / hear sb. doing sth.be seen / heard doing sth.make sb.do sth.be made to do sth.,主动:被动:,主动:被动:,主动:被动:,思考4: 把主动语态变为被动语态,I saw him fall off the tree.He _ _ _ fall off the tree.,was,seen,to,注意问题4：,一些动词如（如： make, see, hear, wa
22、tch 等），后接宾语补足语为不带“to”不定式时，变被动语态时要加上“to”。,挑战,短语动词转换为被动态时，通常被看作是一个动词，后面的介词或副词不能拆开或省略。,They looked after the children The children were well looked after. We has put off the meeting till next week. The meeting has been put off till next week.,注意:,约翰打开了收音机。,John turned on the radio.,The radio was turned
23、 on.,奶奶照看我姐姐。,Grandma takes care of my sister.,My sister is taken care of by Grandma.,注：千万不要遗漏介词或副词。,We must speak to old people politely.,Old people must be spoken to politely.,9. Children should _. A. take good care of B. be taken good care C. be taken good care of,固定短语的被动不要丢掉后面的介词或副词,注意:,约翰打开了收音机
24、。,John turned on the radio.,The radio was turned on.,奶奶照看我姐姐。,Grandma takes care of my sister.,My sister is taken care of by Grandma.,注：千万不要遗漏介词或副词。,We must speak to old people politely.,Old people must be spoken to politely.,10. Your desk _. A. needs repair B. needs repairing C. needs to repair,nee
25、d, allow 可以用-ing形式表示被动need to be done = need doing,单选题：1Do you like the skirt ? It _ soft. A. is feeling B. felt C. feels D. is felt2. Are you still here ? You were here an hour ago . Who _ for ? A. are you waiting B. did you wait C. were you waiting D. do you wait,3. _ that he wants to know Profess
26、or Zhang. A. He said B. I said C. It is said D. It says 4. The letter _ three days ago and it_ yesterday. A. had post , had arrived B. was posted , arrivedC. posted , arrived D. had been posted , was arrived,5. Water _ into ice. A. will changed B. must be changed C. should change D. can be changed 6
27、 .The birds _ fly away last Saturday. A. let to B. is let to C. was let D. were let to,7. A strange sound _ yesterday evening. A. was heard B. hears C. heard D. is heard 8. A beautiful bike _ him by his classmates. A. sent to B. will sent to C. was sent to D. will be sent for,9. Can you tell _ ? A.
28、when did it happen B. when was it happened C. when it happened D. when it was happened,中考被动语态考题1. My uncle sent me a Christmas present last year.（改为被动语态）A Christmas present_ to me by my uncle last year. （2006重庆市）2. Students cant take magazines out of the reading-room. （改为被动语态）Magazines cant_ out of the reading-room by students.（2007重庆市）,3.More and more foreigners speak Chinese in the world now. （改为被动语态）Chinese by more and more foreigners in the world . (2008重庆市)4. More and more people speak Chinese in the world . （改为被动语态）Chinese by more and more people in the world . (2010重庆市),
