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1、副词的比较级和最高级,考试要求,副词的分类和基本用法，副词的比较级和最高级；某些特殊变化的副词的比较级和最高级（wellbetterbest等）；副词的同级比较（as/ so . as.的用法）及副词在句中的位置。,1.副词的分类,1）时间副词：ago, already, before, ever, early, late, just, now, once, soon, still, then,2）地点副词：,straight, upstairs, downstairs, above, along, around, outside, inside, behind，here，there,3）方式
2、副词：,safely, quietly, quickly, politely, loudly, luckily, happily, easily, carefully, slowly,suddenly,4）程度副词：,very, only, quite, almost, even, a little,enough, rather, a lot, badly, nearly, further,widely,5）频度副词：,never, sometimes, usually, often, always,6）疑问副词：,when，where，why，how， how long，how soon，h
3、ow often，how far,how long，how soon和how often都含有how，并且都和“多长时间、多久”有关，但它们的用法不相同。,how long,how long意为“多久、多长时间”，主要是对一段时间进行提问，答语通常是（for）three days/weeks/months等时间段，它可用于各种时态。 How long do you stay in Beijing every year? 每年你在北京住多久？ How long have they lived here? 他们住在这里有多久了？ How long were you not at school la
4、st year? 去年你多久没上学？ About two weeks. 约两周。,how soon,how soon意为“还要多久”，是对从某个基本时间到将来某动作结束或某动作发生这段时间提问，常用在一般将来时态的句子中，其答语通常是“in + 一段时间”。 How soon can you finish the work? 还要多久你能完成这项工作？ In half an hour. 半小时后。,how often,how often意为“多久次、是否经常”，用来提问在某一特定的时间进行某个动作的次数，答语通常是always，usually，often，sometimes，once/twic
5、e a day/month等。 How often do you get to school very early? 你多久早到校一次？ Usually. 通常。 How often do you see a film? 你多久看一次电影？ Once a month. 每月一次。,自我测试,选择填空。 1. _ did the meeting last? About half an hour. A. How soon B. How long C. How far D. How much 2. _ will Ezhou-Huanggang Bridge be finished? In a few
6、 months. A. How soon B. How long C. How often D. How far 3. _ will it take you to get to the post office? About half an hour. A.How old B.How long C.How soon D.How often 4. _ do you write to your mother? Once a month. A. How many times B. What time is it C. How soon D. How often 5. _ a year does you
7、r school have sports meetings? Twice a year. A. How often B. How soon C. How long D. How many times,7）关系副词：,whom，where，why,2.副词的用法,1）修饰动词作状语He walked quietly into his bedroom. 他安静地走进他的卧室。2）修饰形容词作状语You have a very nice watch. 你有一块非常好看的手表。3）作表语，位于系动词后How long will she be away? 她要离开多久？4）作定语The people t
8、here love peace. 那儿的人们热爱和平。,3.副词的位置,1) 多数副词都可以放在动词的后面,如果动词带有宾语,副词就放在宾语后面。I get up early in the morning everyday. 我每天早早起床。I have seen this film twice with my friends. 这部电影我和朋友看过两次。2) 副词修饰形容词、副词时,副词在前面,而被修饰的词在后面。Its rather easy, I can do it. 这很容易,我能做到。He did it quite well. 他做得相当好。3) 频度副词可放在实义动词的前面,情态动
9、词和助动词的后面。I often help him these days. 这些日子我经常帮助他。You mustnt always help me. 你不必一直帮助我。,4) 疑问副词以及修饰整个句子的副词,通常放在句子的前面。When do you study every day? 你每天什么时间学习?First, let me ask you some questions. 先让我来问几个问题。 5) 时间副词和地点副词在一个句中, 地点副词在前面时间副词在后面。We went shopping in the supermarket at 9 oclockyesterday.昨天九点钟我
10、们到超市买东西了.What were you doing in the classroom yesterday afternoon?昨天下午你在教室里干什么？ 6)否定副词在句首，句子要倒装。Never have I felt so excited!,4.副词的比较级及最高级的变化规则,规则变化：1) 单音节词直接在其后面加-er/-est。 例如： hardharderhardest 2) 以字母e结尾的单音节词在其后面直接加-r/-st。 例如：widewiderwidest 3) 以辅音字母y结尾的双音节词，先把y改为i，再加-er/-est。 例如：earlyearlierearlie
11、st 4) 部分双音节词和大部分多音节的词，在前面加more和most。 例如：slowlymore slowlymost slowly carefullymore carefullymost carefully,不规则变化：,wellbetterbest muchmoremost littlelessleastfarfartherfarthestbadlyworseworst,5.副词的比较级的其他用法,1) 在同级比较的结构as/ so原级as.的前面可用just，almost，nearly和half等表示程度。例如：He doesnt study half so hard as you.
12、 他学习努力的程度不如你的一半。The wind blew more and more strongly. 风吹得越来越猛了。2) 比较级前面可以用much，far，a little，a bit，a lot等词修饰, 表示程度。We will come back a little later. 我们会稍迟一点回来。3) 两个副词的比较级可以叠加表示“越来越”的意思。其结构可以是：比较级and比较级，而多音节词可以用more and more比较级结构。例如：He works harder and harder. 他工作的越来越努力。Your sister becomes more and mo
13、re beautiful. 你的妹妹变得越来越漂亮了。,4) 如果表示“越，就越”可以用“the比较级，the比较级”的结构。 例如：The harder you works, the more you will get. 你越努力学习，你得到的就越多。5) 当比较的双方属于同一范围内时候，用other或者else排除自己，因为自己不能和自己比较。 例如： The girl sings better than any other girl in her class. 那个女孩比她们班其他女孩都唱得好。 如果比较的双方不属于同一范围内时候，则不存在和自己比较的情况，所以可以不用other或者el
14、se。 例如： The boy in our class came to school earlier than any students in that class.我们班的那个男孩比那个班的任何学生到校早。,exercise,1. Please drive _ when you pass a school. 【2012 山东济南】 OK.A. nearly B. early C. slowly D. really2. Have you ever been to Disneyland? 【2012 山东济南】 No, _. I hope I can go there next year.A.
15、 always B. sometimes C. never D. often3. Mike hurt his back seriously and can_ get out of bed without help. 【2012 安徽省】A. quickly B. easily C. nearly D. hardly4. His grandparents live _ in a small house, but they dont feel _. 【2012 贵州安顺】A. lonely; aloneB. alone; lonely C. lonely; lonely D. alone; alo
16、ne,5. The 3D Titanic is a moving film. My parents have seen it twice_. 【2012 湖北黄石】A. yet B. already C. never D. almost6. How is Susan? Oh, she lives abroad, so Iever see her. 【2012江苏南京】A. hardly B. greatly C. clearly D. nearly7. Dont talk to anyone about the bad news not my mother. 【2012 江苏盐城】A. har
17、dly B. usually C. especially D. simply8. Laptops are smaller and lighter so that they can be carried very _. 【2012 辽宁大连】A. clearlyB. regularlyC. easilyD. carefully,答案解析,1. C。考查副词辨析。nearly“几乎”；early“早的”；slowly“慢地”；really“真正地”。句意“当经过学校时，请开慢一点。”故选C。2. C。考查频度副词辨析。 always“一直，总是”；sometimes“有时”；never“从不”；o
18、ften“经常”。句意“你曾经去过迪斯尼乐园吗？不，从没去过。我希望明年去那里”。故选C。3. D。考查副词辨析。句意为“麦克后背伤得很严重，没有帮助几乎不能从床上起来”。4. B。lonely意为“孤独的”，alone意为“单独的”。根据句意应该选B。5. B。由句意“我的父母亲已经看过两次了”，可知是表示肯定的，所以选“already”。6. A。hardly意为“几乎不”，根据句意“她住在国外，所以我几乎不曾见过她”。7. C。句意为“关于这个坏消息不要和任何人说，尤其是不要和我妈妈说”。especially意为“尤其”。8. C。句意为“笔记本电脑又小又轻以便容易携带”，easily意为“容易地”。,
