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1、时 态,知识导航,2,一、一般现在时,1、构成 一般现在时常用动词原形，但第三人称单数作主语时，动词的词尾要加s或es,3,2、用法,表示经常性、习惯性的动作I go to the park once a week.When do you usually have breakfast?表示客观真理The sun rises in the east.,4,表示主语所具有的特征、性格、能力、状态等She is a middle school student.She looks a little worried.某些以here/there开头的句子中，用一般现在时表正发生的动作Here comes
2、the bus.,5,表示将来发生的、时刻表上不改变的事The train leaves Hunan at five oclock.特殊情况在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，若主句用一般将来时，则从句用一般现在代替将来。（主将从现）Ill see you when I get there.If it doesnt rain tomorrow,well go shopping.,6,常与一般现在时连用的时间状语有：often 经常 usually 通常 never 从不 every day 每天 sometimes 有时 seldom 几乎不 always 总是 once a week一周一次,7
3、,【翻译】,我今年20岁，住在北京。I am twenty years old this year , and I live in Beijing.火车将在一个小时后（in an hour）出发（set off）。The train sets off in an hour.她每天都走路上学。She walks to school every day.或：She goes to school on foot every day.,8,二、现在进行时,1、构成 现在进行时由“助动词be（am/is/are） + doing”构成。,9,2、用法,表此时此刻正发生的动作，常与now连用。They a
4、re cleaning the room.Listen , someone is shouting.与副词always连用，表达一种感情色彩。She is always thinking of others instead of herself.Why are you always coming late?,10,有些动词（arrive,come,go,leave）的ing形式可表示将发生的、计划或安排好的事。We are leaving here next week.She is coming to see me tomorrow.while后常用doing形式While you are r
5、eading the book , he is sleeping.,11,常与现在进行时连用的时间状语有：now 现在 right now 现在 these days 这些天 at this moment在此刻,12,我认为他正在看电视。I think (that)he is watching TV.当我在睡觉的时候他正在听音乐。While I am sleeping , he is listening to music.,【翻译】,13,【中考链接】,Look! there_ our dog.(2013 )come B. comes C. to come D. coming,Look ! T
6、he sun _ , and it _from the west.(2013)falls down , falls down falls down , falling down C. is falling down , falls downD. is falling down , falling down,14,The man _ with his parents once a year. (2014 )goes travel B. goes travelingC. is going travel D.is going traveling,She is doing her homework w
7、hile her mother _ to her.(2014 )A. speaks B. spoke C.to speak D. speaking,15,He is a lazy man . He _the dirty jeans every day.(2014 ) always wears B. always wearing C. always to wear D. is always wearing,You will know the truth after you _him.(2013)A. see B. will see C. are seeing D.to see,16,三、一般过去
8、时,1、构成 一般过去时用动词的过去式表示。除系动词be的过去式有人称和数的变化外，其他动词的过去式无人称和数的变化。,17,2、用法,表示过去已经发生的动作，现在已经结束，常与相应的过去时间状语连用。Tom fell ill last night , and he had to stay at home.追述逝去的人或事。Edison was a great inventor.,18,表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，可与always, usually, often, sometimes, never 连用。He usually walked to school last year.I ofte
9、n ate noodles last week, but now I seldom like it.,19,常见的过去时间状语有： just now 刚才 yesterday 昨天 in the old days 在那段旧时光里at that time=at that moment 在那时a few days ago=the other day 几天前,20,去年他通常坐公交车去上学，但现在经 常骑自行车上学。He usually went to school by bus last year , but now he often goes to school by bike.,【翻译】,21
10、,四、一般将来时,1、构成 一般将来时态由“will/shall+动词原形”构成，表示将来发生的动作或状态。We will/shall come to ask Mary for help.,22,2、其他表示,be going to +动词原形：表示说话人主观的打算或预测。I am going to look for a job here.It is going to be a fine day for camping tomorrow.,23,be to do:表示已经计划或安排好的动作。The president is to visit China next week.The meetin
11、g is to start early tomorrow.,24,be about to do:表示马上要发生的事，不强调主观。The train is about to leave.be about to do when 正当时I am about to leave when the phone rings.,25,注意：在从句中的将来时态，will要变成相应的时态。 She said she would help me if she finished her work.,26,他昨天说他很快将要离开。Yesterday ,he said he would leave soon.正当他要说话
12、时，老师来了。He is about to speak when the teacher comes.,【翻译】,27,五、现在完成时,1、构成 现在完成时由“助动词have/has+过去分词”构成，表示一件已发生的事与现在情况有联系，往往对现在造成一定影响。I have lost my key.The lift has broken down.,28,2、用法,常可以和just ,ever, already, recently, yet等词连用。He has just left.Have you phoned him yet?(否定回答)：No ,I havent.,29,常和for+时间段
13、、since引导的时间状语、how long 连用。How long have you known her?I have known her for three years.强调直到现在为止的经历。He has only been to China once.,30,在时间和条件状语从句中，用现在完成时代替将来完成时。I will go home as soon as I have finished all my work.I will not let you go until you have finished your work.,31,和time连用的情况This/It is the f
14、irst time that I have seen a panda.由since引导的从句中，主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。We have been friends since we met at school.,32,注意区别：have gone to:到某地去了，还未回来have been to：到过某地,I havent seen John for days , where has he gone?He has gone to America for business.I have been to America.,33,他去上海待了一周。He has been to Shang
15、hai for a week.我将在你离开之后告诉他们（after）。I will tell them after you have left.你找到你的钥匙了吗？Have you found your key?,【翻译】,34,六、过去进行时,1、构成 过去进行时由“助动词be(was/were)+doing”构成，表示在过去某一时间点正在进行的动作。at that time 当时this time yesterday昨天这个时候,35,What were you doing at 8:30 yesterday evening?I was watching TV.【小试牛刀】他们昨天这个时候
16、正在吃晚餐。They were having dinner this time yesterday.,36,七、过去完成时,1、构成 过去完成时由“助动词 had+过去分词”构成，表示在过去某一时刻或动作之前已经完成的动作，即“过去的过去”。这个过去的时刻常用by , before等介词短语来表示。,37,常与过去完成时连用的时间状语有：before that year 那年之前by the/that time 到的时候by the end of 到为止,38,By the time he got there , the bus had left.He had worked for 10 ho
17、urs before he slept.【小试牛刀】到去年为止我都没有见到他。I had not seen him by the end of last year.,39,八、过去将来时,1、构成 过去完成时由“助动词would/should+动词原形 或 was/were going to+动词原形”构成，表示从过去某一时间看将要发生的动作。,40,Last week he said he would come to see me.I was about to leave when the phone rang.【小试牛刀】她告诉我她打算去香港。She told me she was goi
18、ng to Hong Kong.,41,【高考链接】,When Alice came to , she did not know how long she _ there.(12全国)had been lying B. has been lying C. was lying D. has lain,It was only after some process _in preventing the water pollution that we began to realize the significance of it.(13重庆)was made would have been made
19、C. has been madeD. had been made,42,-I met Tom last month.-Really?-Yes . We_ each other since we graduated from college. (14山东 )havent met B. hadnt metC. wouldnt meet D. didnt meet,My oil _.I must go to the gas station before there is none left.(10山东模考 )has run out B. is running out C. has been run
20、out D. is being run out,43,After getting lost in a storm , a member of the navy team _four days later.(11上海) rescued B. was rescuedC. has rescued D. had been rescued,The manager was worried about the press conference his assistant _in his place , but luckily , everything was going on smoothly.(13四川)gave B. has given C. was given D. had given,44,
