《完形填空解题技巧ppt课件.pptx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《完形填空解题技巧ppt课件.pptx（46页珍藏版）》请在三一办公上搜索。
1、2017,记叙文,2016,记叙文,2015,记叙文（夹叙夹议）,奉献爱心，助人为乐。（赠人玫瑰，手留余香）,【近三年全国卷体裁题材特点】,技巧点拨,1. 注意上下文语境（context) 词汇复现、同现2.运用词义辨析 （comparison）3.掌握习惯搭配（phrases & idioms）4.掌握熟词生义 （new meanings）4.了解背景常识（common sense）5. 运用语法分析（grammar analysis),跳过空格，通读全文， 把握大意,再读全文，反复检查,结合选项，综合考虑，初定答案,瞻前顾后，先易后难， 个个击破,完形填空的解题步骤,把握整体,具体分析,1
2、、跳读领会大意（23分钟）,速读全文要一气呵成，尽管有空格、生词或不明白的地方，仍要快速读下去。通过通览全文、领会大意，概略地了解文章的体裁、背景、内容、结构层次、情节、写作风格等等。,完形填空解题三部曲:跳读-试填-复核,1.复现 同现,词语复现 词语复现是指某一个词以原词或同义词等方式在同一篇中重复出现。语篇中的句子通过复现关系达到相互衔接的目的，词语复现又可分为原词复现、同源词复现（又叫同根词复现）、同义或近义词复现（包括与近义词的同根词复现，如ill与sickness）、上下义词复现（即总括与分述，如food是bread、milk、rice等的上义词；r是flower 的下义词）等。,
3、1.( 2017全国卷I) While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life, college sets the stage for that exploration. After that, feeling the need to_52_ further, I decided to drop in on one of ASL clubs meetings.52. A. exercise B. explore C. express D. explain,原词,同根词重现.
4、,2. ( 2015全国卷I) Then my 17-year-old suggested giving him a _47_. I thought about it. We were _48(low)_ on cash ourselves, but When I handed him the gift card, saying he could use it for _54(whatever)_ his family might need, he burst into tears.47. A. dollar B. job C. hot meal D. gift card,the gift c
5、ard,原词重现,3.(广东卷)there are many ways to prevent this from happening:hanging a knife over the babys head while he slept or covering him with some of his fathers clothers were just two of the recommended _27_.A. cases B.tools C.steps D.methods,解析:methods与前文中的ways同义词复现,4. (2017全国卷II) I had advised the k
6、ids that while verbs may be dull, most of the _50_things they do throughout their lives will be verbs. 50.A.simple B.unique C.fun D.clever,解析:fun与 dull为反义词复现,5.(2011四川卷)We fell in love. In the beginning , I didnt want to discuss _, because the sadness of losing Mum still felt great. Paul understood
7、that and never pushed me but, by summer, we got married.A.travel B.business C.children D.marriage,解析：marriage与文中的 married 属同根词复现。,6.(湖北卷)he taught her how to rely on her other _,specially her hearing.A.feeling B.organs C.skills D.senses,解析:senses为hearing的上义词复现,7.I did very badly at school. My headte
8、acher thought I was _ and when I was 14 he said , “You are never going to be anything but a failure.”A.bright B.useless C.simple D.hopeful,B,利用首句信息,8.The school decided that when the driver opened both the front and back door, students who were getting off the bus should get off first, and students
9、who were getting on should get on _.A. sooner B.later C.faster D.earlier,B,词语同现。,词语同现：某些语义相关联的词语在语篇中共同出现的性，叫词语同现，也有人称之为“词场”。同现词之间有反义或相对关系，或者同类互补关系等。如：different vs same, cruel vs friendly, death&destruction,9.These tell the story of a mother whose baby grows and paleA. sick B. slim C. short D. small,
10、A,解析：与pale 同现的单词，应该是sick。,10.On_ days, she wore heavy clothes and a pair of woolen gloves. A.sunny B.rainy C.cloudy D.snowy解析:与heavy clothes 和 woolen gloves 同现的应该是snowy days。,D,2.词义辨析,1.( 2017全国卷I) I watched as the ASL Club _47_their translation of a song. Both the hand movements and the very _48_of
11、 communicating without speaking_49_ me.47. A. recorded B. performed C. recited D. discussed48. A. idea B. amount C. dream D. reason49. A. disturbed B. supported C. embarrassed D. attracted,解析：根据句中的关键词watch可知，作者看到美式手语社团的成员表演(perform) 。record 记录; recite背诵; discuss讨论.48 题和49题手部动作和无须用语言交流的想法（idea）吸引（att
12、ract）了我。,2. I climbed the stairs slowly, carrying a big suitcase, my father following with two more. By the time I got to the third floor, I was 1 and the same time feeling lonely.1. A. helpless B. lazy C. anxious D. tired,解析：在把握上文“我提着衣箱缓慢地上楼梯”的情况下，可知答案为D. tired，即当我到达三楼时，已经很累了；,3.( 2017全国卷II) In 197
13、3, I was teaching elementary school. Each day 27kids_ “The Thinking Laboratory.A. built B. entered C. decorated D.ran,解析：根据上文一句，作者在一所小学教学，孩子门当然是每天进入（enter）思想实验室了。built 建造; decorate 装饰； run跑步，经营,4.(2014全国卷I）My wheelchair experiment was soon 54 . It made a deep impression on me. A few hours of “disabi
14、lity” gave me only a taste of the 55 (challenges) , both physical and mental, that disabled people must overcome. 54. A. forgotten B. repeated C. conducted D. finished,语境-词义辨析,3.习惯用法和固定搭配,2. (2014全国I) For example, on Christmas morning, children are excited about 43 with their new toys. 43. A. workin
15、gB. livingC. playing D. going,语境-固定搭配,play with(toys),24,3.(2012全国新课标) Body language is the quiet, secret and most powerful language of all! It speaks 36 than words 36. A. straighter B. louder C. harder D. further,Action speaks louder than words.,习语谚语:事实胜于雄辩,4.熟词生义,4.Today I decided to look up the w
16、ord “hero” in the dictionary to see exactly what it meant. It_ “a person who does something brave”. As I read on, it also said “a person who is good and noble” A.wrote B.told C.described D.read,read vt.(指示牌等)写着，（仪器等）显示,4.生活常识和文化背景,1.（2013全国卷I） As soon as I sat down, my 41 made the chair begin to rol
17、l. Its wheels were not 42（locked） . 41. A. height B. force C. skill D. weight,生活常识,常识、背景知识,2. Born in America , I spoke English not Chinese， the language of my ancestors . When I was three , my parents flashed cards with Chinese 36 at my face , but I pushed them 37 (aside ) , 36. A. custom B. games
18、C .characters D. language,3： It was an early morning in summer. In the streets, sleepy-eyed people were moving quickly, heading towards their1 . This was the beginning of another 2 day in New York City.1. A. jobs B. homes C. buses D. offices2. A. working B. hot C. same D. ordinary,解析：按生活经验，人们起床后，各自奔
19、向自己的工作岗位。而这种情况是天天发生，是平平常常的，因此2题答案是D. ordinary。,A. jobs,D. ordinary,4. When I was just 20 months old, I suffered serious_13(burn)_ after a bowl of hot oil fell on my head. I was _14_ to hospital and had to stay there for weeks while the doctors _15_for my life.14.A. rushed B. led C. invited D. forced
20、15.A. learned B. fought C. returned D.decided,解析：根据背景常识，在孩子受伤后，肯定会被快速送往医院。rush 急忙地送（。到某地）。急诊病人被送医院后，医生定会竭尽全力抢救。fight 为而战，为而努力争取。,1.语法手段,2.逻辑手段,句际关系,1.语法手段,（2015全国卷I） When I handed him the gift card, saying he could use it for _54_ his family might need, he burst into tears. 54A. whoeverB. whatever C
21、. whicheverD. whenever,语法-连接代词,逻辑手段,2.逻辑手段,让步关系,转折关系,因果关系,解释关系,顺序关系,并列关系,识别语篇标志,理清逻辑关系语篇关系是指句群,段落,篇章之间的关系。联系他们之间的词语被称为语篇标志词。常见的语篇标志性的词语有以下几种:顺序关系:firstly,secondly,thirdly等;因果关系:thus,therefore,so等;递进关系:besides,whats more,further等;转折关系:but,while,yet,however等 做完型时,如果能充分利用这些标志性词语,就能迅速理请文章的脉络,弄清上下文关系。,1.
22、 (2017全国卷I) Yet instead of being discouraged by my _progress, I excited.A. slow B.stead C.normal D.obvious,转折关系,2. Our father was a struggling 36(lawyer) , but I always knew he was 37(special) . He never criticized us, but used 38 to bring out our best. 38. A. help B. peace C. smile D. praise,转折关系,3
23、.（2013全国卷I） My hands started to ache as I 51 (turned) the heavy metal wheels. I came to know that controlling the 52 (direction) of the wheelchair was not going to be a(n) 53 task.53. A. easy B. heavy C. major D. extra,因果关系,4.(2014全国卷I) The world is full of 46 stamp albums and unfinished models, eac
24、h standing as a monument to someones 47 （passing） interest. 46. A. well-organized B. colorfully-printed C. newly- collectedD. half-filled,同类并列关系,5. First of all, a pen should fit comfortably in your hand, . Then the writing point of the pen 52 ,the pen should make a thick, dark line. 52. A. Meanwhil
25、e B. Generally C. Afterwards D. Finally,顺序关系,失分原因: know why,出错主要原因有两类：一是：基础知识不牢，词汇障碍严重。二是文章整体阅读能力低。因此完形填空的训练重在落实，体现在：全篇主要意思是否明白；重要动词（或短语）是否会用；中西文化背景是否清楚；语境中词语筛选是否合理；是否根据常识进行推理；惯用法及搭配是否恰当；是否纠正了平时的习惯错误。,如何提高能力技巧,一、提高阅读能力（速度、理解）二、打好语法基础 （固定搭配）三、扩充词汇量（动词、名词）四、增长生活常识，培养广泛的兴趣爱好五、多做多练，以提高实战能力,复习备考首先要熟练地掌握学
26、过的全部语法知识，牢记习惯用法。特别是动词短语；注意对动词、名词、形容词、副词等词汇意义的真正理解，要懂得词汇的内涵、外延、褒贬及一定的修辞色彩。注意它们的同义词、近义词、反义词及其辨析。其次要有计划地多做一些完形填空的练习，多阅读一些短文，增强英文阅读能力，提高理解能力,【真题演练 】,新课标2015全国卷I,解题三部曲：读-填-读,My kids and I were heading into the supermarket over the weekend. On the way, we spotted a man holding a piece of paper that said,
27、“ 41 my job. Family to Feed.” At this store, a 42 like this is not normal. My 10-year-old noticed him and made a 43 on how bad it must be to have to stand 44 in the cold wind.In the store, I asked each of my kids to 45 something they thought our “friend” there would 46. They got apples, a sandwich a
28、nd a bottle of juice.,41. A. Quit B. Changed C. Lost D. Finished42. A. condition B. place C. sight D. show43. A. suggestion B.comment C. decision D. call44. A. by B. proudly C. outside D. angrily45. A. draw B. say C. arrange D. pick46. A. appreciate B. supply C. order D. discover,语境、词义,上下文,Then my 1
29、7-year-old suggested giving him a 47. I thought about it. We were 48 on cash ourselves, butwell, sometimes 49 from our need instead of our abundance is 50 what we need to do! All the kids 51 something they could do away with for the week. When we handed him the bag of 52, he lit up and thanked us wi
30、th 53 eyes. When I handed him the gift card, saying he could use it for 54 his family might need, he burst into tears.,47. A. dollarB. jobC. hot mealD. gift card48. A. easyB. lowC. soft D. loose49. A. giving B. savingC. spending D. begging50. A. yetB. evenC. still D. just51. A. declared B. sharedC.
31、ignoredD. expected52. A. foodB. medicineC. toysD. clothes53. A. sleepy B. wateryC. curious D. sharp54. A. whoeverB. whateverC. whicheverD. whenever,原词重现,上下文,语法,语境、词义,词义辨析,This has been a wonderful 55 for our family. For days the kids have been looking for others we can 56 ! Things would have played
32、out so 57 if I had simply said, “No, we really dont have 58 to give more.” Stepping out not only helped a brother in 59, it also gave my kids the 60 taste of helping others. Itll go a long way with them.,55. A. message B. exampleC. experience D. adventure56. A. rely on B. respectC. learn from D. help57. A. suddenly B. vividlyC. differently D. perfectly58. A. time B. powerC. patience D. money59. A. need B. loveC. fear D. memory60. A. strong B. sweetC. strange D. simple,语境、词义,
