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1、,爱立信软交换-相关原理及概念 郑伟生,Highlight,软交换基本概念从MSC到MSC Server, GSM网络构架的演进MSC ServerMGW网络拓扑及内外部接口,Highlight,软交换的基本概念从MSC到MSC Server, GSM网络构架的演进MSC ServerMGW网络拓扑及内外部接口,Softswitch软交换机或软交换设备于1997年由贝尔实验室提出相对于传统的“硬”交换机而言，指实现呼叫控制和语音承载分离后通过软件实现呼叫控制等多种控制功能的一种设备Softswitching软交换体系指实现呼叫控制和呼叫承载分离后，利用多种接入手段实现接入，并基于核心IP网络进
2、行传输的一种有机体系结构主要特点是：体系分层、协议开放和标准化、实现综合接入业务,什么是软交换？,移动软交换,移动软交换是用于移动网络中分层的电路域核心网络的技术,在这种分层结构的网络里，负责呼叫控制和业务管理的控制层与负责业务信息传输的连接层是从物理和逻辑上独立分开的。爱立信的软交换网络针对WCDMA 和GSM 是采用一个公共的电路域核心网络，即能从传统的GSM向3G网络演进。,软交换的核心思想是：一个IP核心承载网呼叫控制与呼叫承载两分离,Highlight,软交换的基本概念从MSC到MSC Server, GSM网络构架的演进MSC ServerMGW网络拓扑及内外部接口,3GPP分层网
3、络结构,3GPP,爱立信的移动软交换实现,Traditional MSC(control and switching),MSC Server(Control),Mobile Media Gateway (Switching),Ericsson Mobile Softswitch Solution,Traditional MSC Solution,MGW,Common GSM/WCDMA core for efficiency & investment protection,Ericsson Circuit Core Network Vision,Mobile-PBN,MGW,GSM/EDGE,
4、WCDMA,MGW,Separate complex execution and control functions from service payload transport,Optimum node technologyIndependent planning, dimensioning & evolution,Control,HLR/AuC/FNR,SGW,MSC/GMSC/TSCServer Pool,Centralization & pooling of network control functions,Payload uses shortest path and most ef
5、ficient coding,Single IP Backbone efficient for different applications,MGW,Relation between MSC-server and MGW,Master slave,H.248,MGW act as Bearer function,MGW,peer peer,MAP/CAPISUPBSSAP,MGW act as Signaling gateway,从传统的 MSC 演进到 MSC-Server 基于相同的平台（AXE） 基于相同的软件版本（R10R12） 呼叫的承载功能移至MGW完成 和传统电路域相关的硬件移至
6、MGW (逐步)- 支持宽带IP信令,MSC-S结构,PSTN/PLMN,TDM,BSC,TDM,H.248,IP/MPLS Backbone(See slide 15)Nb接口,MGw,SGW,爱立信网络构架演进（1）,爱立信网络构架演进（2）,SGSN,GGSN,RNC,BSC,MGW,SDHNetwork,MGW,MSCServer,IP/ATMBackbone,GMSCServer,OSS-RC,RAN-OSS,Highlight,软交换的基本概念从MSC到MSC Server, GSM网络构架的演进MSC ServerMGW网络拓扑及内外部接口,Highlight,软交换的基本概念从
7、MSC到MSC Server, GSM网络构架的演进MSC ServerMGW网络拓扑及内外部接口,MGW 媒体网关,CPP平台介绍爱立信MGW特点及属性硬件配置各类板子介绍及实现功能软件配置及构架MGW工作原理MGW各类接口和MGW相关的重点概念介绍配置文件及脚本,CPP 平台（Connectivity Packet Platform)连接分组平台-面向3G的平台,HWATM switchscalable, modular HWmulti processor architectureprocessor cluster for central SWOSE real time operating
8、 systemdistributed file system: local, global and replicated volumes,CPP HW - Node Architecture,1 main subrack0 to 30 extension subractSwitch Module Number (SMN)star topologyredundant Inter Subract Links (ISL),main,.,CPP HW - Subrack,28 slots per subrackAccess Point Number (APN)Plug In Unit (PIU)com
9、munication via backplane controlled by SCB,.,1 1,2 2,28 0,27 27,.,SCB,SCB,Slot,APN,CPP HW - Boards,GPBGeneral Purpose BoardSCBSwitch Core BoardSXBSwitch Extension BoardTUBTiming Unit BoardETM1Exchange Terminal M1ETM4Exchange Terminal M4SPBSpecial Purpose Board,MSB,MPC,BP,BP,BP,BP,BP,BP,BP,CPP 处理器架构，
10、Processor Hierarchy,ICP,ICP = Internal Control Path,主处理器 (MP)高业务等级用于中央控制和资源处理软件和节点管理业务,MP 簇提供程序级的冗余备份提供运行条件下的软件升级,设备板处理器(BP)用于板卡上运行软件的控制较低的业务等级,专用目的处理器 (SP)用于协议处理和信令,数字信号处理器 (DSP)用于媒体流的处理,CPP 处理器架构- Core MP,One dedicated core MPOne dedicated standby core MPFault tolerant coreCentral basic node funct
11、ionSystem managerRestart, ethernet connection, file handling, cv handling,CPP HW - File System,HD only at MPDedicated file structure/d local volumelocal at each MP/c global volumeexists on core MPmirrored to standby core,MP-c,BP,BP,MP,MP,MP-cs,/d,/d,/d,/d,/c,/c,CPP SW - LM distribution,pgm table map
12、ping LM to MPRPU table mapping active to passive,LM1a,LM2p,LM1a,LM1p,LM5p,LM4p,LM3p,LM1p,LM5a,LM4a,LM3a,LM2a,LM6a,LM6p,MP1,MP4,MP3,MP2,LM7a,LM8a,LM8a,CPP SW - CV,Configuration datadtdistribution list for the LMsprogram (pgm)redundancy on LM levelReliable Program Unit (RPU)Software Application Inform
13、ation,Network,Cello Node,ANS,SCC,ACT,AET,NSS,CMA,OMS,EMAS,SPP,OS,OSA,CLS,SPAS,Application,API,Operator,NCH,Core,CPP SW - Subsystem Structure,O&M,CPP SW 举例- LM view of SPAS,Spas_resource_lmCXC1321408_R6G03- core MP (GPB)Spas_connection_lmCXC1320742_R10E02- all GPBSpas_sm_lmCXC1321409/3_R1F02- all SCB
14、Spas_link_lmCXC1321407/3_R1E02- all SCB & SXB,CPP SW - Process view,Cello,Subsystem,Loadmodule,Processor,Process,CPP节点备份机制（1）冗余，Redundancy,Switch Core Board交换核心板: 1+1 热备份故障时仅有少量ATM信元丢失ISL 链路: 1+1 或N+1冗余电源分配: 1+1 冗余ET-C41-4 支持 MSP 1+1 and 设备保护(Multiple Section Protection and Equipment Protection)MSP
15、提供对物理链路故障的保护EP 提供对板上硬件故障的保护媒体流设备板以资源池方式配置单板故障仅导致容量降级,CPP节点备份机制(2)容错，Fault Tolerant Execution,每一进程可在另一MP中有一备份进程备份进程的数据复制存储复制到MP中备份进程的状态数据数据库(复制)主、备进程配置固定名字服务器跟踪进程的物理位置MP 宕机 = 激活备份进程MP 恢复 = 正常化,= Active= Standby,Name Server,Client,MGW 媒体网关,CPP平台介绍爱立信MGW特点及属性硬件配置各类板子介绍及实现功能软件配置及构架MGW工作原理MGW各类接口和MGW相关的重
16、点概念介绍配置文件及脚本,爱立信MGw亮点,基于3GPP开放标准 通用平台CPP (Connectivity Packet Platform)连接分组平台-面向3G的平台CPP平台被用于从无线网络到核心网络的多个网元设备（WCDMA、CDMA2000）支持In-service 软硬件升级多处理器结构，包含处理能力的冗余电信级的产品设计的ISP(In Service Performance)达到99.999%内置的传输功能TDM、ATM和IP模块化的扩展能力通过增加模块数目可以从小容量扩展到大配置ATM和IP核心网平台融合了IP和ATM的QoS能力低功耗（满配置2375瓦）占地小（满配置0.48
17、平方米）,优化成本通用平台有限功能板UMTS和GSM共用的多业务承载平台不同逻辑实体的组合：信令网关, ATM交叉连接和 AAL2交换设备采用Pool结构高可靠性标准化维护接口同时支持UMTS与GSM网络内置 信令网关 (SGw)支持多种传输技术 (ATM, IP, TDM),爱立信 M-MGW 特性,M-MGw R3 Basic Features,AAL2 switch Element Manager (E)ETSI Interfaces (E)Datacom Base (E)ATM Transport (E)TDM Transport (E)UMTS Iu InterfaceMedia S
18、tream Function (E),SS7 Signaling Gateway and Signaling Transfer Point (E)SS7 Signaling over TDM (E)SS7 Signaling over ATMGateway Control Protocol (GCP) (E)SCCP Accounting (N)SCCP Policing (N)SCCP Relay (N),(N) = new feature, (E) = enhanced featureFor more detailed information, please see C-MGw R3 Fe
19、ature Description.,M-MGW R3 Optional Features,Lawful Interception (E)GSM A-interface (N)GSM High speed datacom service (N)IP Transport (N)SS7 Signaling over IP (N)Voice Quality Enhancement (VQE) (N),(N) = new feature, (E) = enhanced featureFor more detailed information, please see C-MGw R3 Feature D
20、escription.,What is MGW?MGWMedia GatewayM-MGWEricsson Media Gateway for Mobile Networks,MSP Media Stream ProcessingBear FunctionSGW Makes it possible to route SS7 signaling messages between signaling links that use the same or different signaling bearer types.STP The Signaling Transfer Point functio
21、nality supports the routing, based on DPC and NI, of signalling messages ATM and ATM links TDM and TDM links TDM and ATM links (MTP3 and MTP3b inter-working) IP and ATM links (M3UA and MTP3b inter-working) IP and TDM links (M3UA and MTP3 inter-working),MGW 媒体网关,CPP平台介绍爱立信MGW特点及属性硬件配置各类板子介绍及实现功能软件配置及
22、构架MGW工作原理MGW各类接口和MGW相关的重点概念介绍配置文件及脚本,媒体网关R4版本硬件系统结构(GMP V3.0),MGW R4 硬件结构,电路板种类：通用处理器板General Processor Board (GPB)交换核心板Switch Core Board (SCB)交换扩展板Switch Extension Board (SXB)子机框Main subrack (主子架)ATM Extension subrack (ATM扩展子架)IP Extension Subrack (IP扩展子架)Media Stream Extension subrack (媒体流扩展子架)架间连
23、线（Inter Subrack Links）,时钟单元板Timing Unit Board (TUB)媒体流板Media Stream Board (MSB)交换终端板Exchange Terminals (ET),MGW 装架图 GMP V3.0 BC 3024,MGW BC3024 硬件结构(机框)-Main SubrackThe Main Sub-rack (MS) executes both M-MGW Core and Traffic functions,MGW BC3024 硬件结构(机框)-ATM SubrackThe ATM Extension Sub-rack (AES) e
24、xecutes mainly ATM traffic functions:,MGW BC3024 硬件结构(机框)-Media Stream Extension SubrackThe Media Stream Extension Subrack executes MGW resourceaccess, Interactive Messaging and Virtual Media Gateway functions,GMP V2.0 (MGW R3.1) Base Configuration for GSM,E1 configuration: 7 *63 + 16 = 457with MSP
25、1+1 protection,E1 configuration:2*7 *63 + 16 = 898 without MSP 1+1 protection,Capacity-MGW,MGW 媒体网关,CPP平台介绍爱立信MGW特点及属性硬件配置各类板子介绍及实现功能软件配置及构架MGW工作原理MGW各类接口和MGW相关的重点概念介绍配置文件及脚本,媒体网关功能板,General Purpose Processor board (GPB) 通用处理器板上面有主处理器完成基本的连接分组平台的功能, 如核心控制功能,操作维护功能,7号信令等功能提供以太网口和RS-232 连接内置硬盘Media St
26、ream Board (MSB) 媒体流板完成媒体流处理功能, 如:AMR 编码/解码电路交换数据回声抑制多方通话亚音频收发双音多频信号收发录音通知,媒体网关功能板,Switch Core Board (SCB) 交换核心板完成ATM 交换功能传送时钟信号提供4个ISL链路接口用于连接扩展子架Switch Extension Board (SXB) 交换扩展板提供4个ISL链路接口用于连接扩展子架Timing Unit Board (TUB) 时钟单元板提供稳定的系统时钟用作网络同步Exchange Terminal (ET) board 交换终端板提供不同类型的传输接口:ET-MC1 提供2
27、Mb/s接口,ATM/TDM模式接口ET-M4 提供155 Mb/s ATM模式接口ET-MC41 提供155Mb/s ATM/TDM模式接口ET-C41/4 提供155 Mb/s TDM模式接口ET-MFG 提供千兆以太网口,Media Stream Board (MSB),Holds the Media Stream Functions (Speech Codec, Tones, etc.)IP termination functionality (CMGw R3)12 (16) DSPs on each MSB2 (MSB3) for Media Stream ProcessingDSP
28、 Loadmodule (device type) is running on dedicated DSP (device pool concept),多个子架星型拓扑连接每块SCB/SXB 4根ISL620 Mbps / 板ISL 1+1 或N+1冗余,架间连线，Inter Subrack Links,Main subrack,GPB,SCB,SCB,ISL,TUB,MGW 媒体网关,CPP平台介绍爱立信MGW特点及属性硬件配置各类板子介绍及实现功能软件配置及构架MGW工作原理MGW各类接口和MGW相关的重点概念介绍配置文件及脚本,Software,Real-time operating s
29、ystem (OSE Delta)Real-time SQL database (for configuration data)Software comes in “Loadmodules” and java files4 types of loadmodules (MP, BP, DSP, FPGA)Java files (*.jar) for O&M functionalityimplements a certain functionality (e.g. MTP3b stack)product numbers: CXC132xxxxRoseRT (C+) design environme
30、ntnode configuration is saved into configuration version, cv (“equivalent” to AXE dump),MGw-node,O&M,MGwApplication,ResourceComponents,Virtual MGw,CPP,Physical interfaces:,ATM/AAL2 switch,Embedded Real Time Router,Virtual MGw,Connection Handler,H.248 Message Handler,Media Framing Components,Media Fr
31、aming Component,Media Stream Components,Media Stream Component,API,Switch Fabric,Resource Component Database,SGWApplication,API,MGW (Application)-CPP (Platform) Architecture,MGW Software Architecture,There are 3 system areas (UPCF, MSP and O&M) in MGW. User Plane Control Functions (UPCF) takes care
32、of the communication with the MGC by using GCP and maps the GCP view from MGC to User Plane view.,The Media Stream Processing (MSP) system areaContains Common Resource Handling (CRH), Media Stream Board (MSB), Voice Processing (VP), Data Processing (DP) and Media Frame Processing (MFP) subsystems. M
33、ain Subsystem CRH Performs the resource handling of all device types.,O&M System Area Operation and Maintenance (O&M) system area the following subsystems :MSP OAM subsystem takes care of the configuration, fault and performance management of the MSP.UPCF OAM subsystem takes care of the configuratio
34、n, fault and performance management of the UPCF. UPCF OAM also handles part of the management of MACU and software licensing. Element Manager (EM) subsystem provides a GUI for the operator for managing the node.,Media gateway Alarm Control Unit (MACU) Media gateway Alarm Control Unit (MACU) subsyste
35、m doesnt belong to any system area. MACU subsystem takes care of monitoring and reporting of faults of the fans in M-MGW.,MGW 媒体网关,CPP平台介绍爱立信MGW特点及属性硬件配置各类板子介绍及实现功能软件配置及构架MGW工作原理MGW各类接口和MGW相关的重点概念介绍配置文件及脚本,Virtual MGw in R3,A Virtual Media Gateway is a logical entity in MGw which is dedicated to ser
36、ve a single MGC,“Call” establishment,RAA,GRA,BpBas,DspBas,DspAppl,STC,CH,MeSC,Cello,GCP (H.248),Q.AAL2 (Q.2630.1),MGW 媒体网关,CPP平台介绍爱立信MGW特点及属性硬件配置各类板子介绍及实现功能软件配置及构架MGW工作原理MGW各类接口和MGW相关的重点概念介绍配置文件及脚本,MGW接口,MGW,HTTP, FTP,S,-,FTP, IIOP,ATM,ATM,IuUP, AAL2),TDM,Q.AAL2,Q.AAL2,RANAP, 3GPP 24.008,BICC,O&M,IS
37、UP,IP,(NbUP, RTP),BSSAP,TDM,(A),GCP,(GPS),Synch,M-MGw,-,(NbUP, I.trunk, AAL2),(,MSC/TSC Server,BSC,RNC,PSTNother networks,M-MGw,(Mc),ATM, IP,IP,MGW 媒体网关,CPP平台介绍爱立信MGW特点及属性硬件配置各类板子介绍及实现功能软件配置及构架MGW工作原理MGW各类接口和MGW相关的重点概念介绍配置文件及脚本,MO:Loadmodule-software installed in the file system, to be used in a pro
38、cessor or any other type of loadable (re-configurable) hardware installed in the nodeMO:Program-represent the executable software on the target hardware. The program is the product name of the loadmodule, normally one LM correspond to one program nameMO:Reliableprogramuniter-a controlling and addres
39、sing entity providing one common addressing unit for two Reliable Programs. For the reliability reason, the same program loaded in two PlugInUnit (GPB), only the active program working, the passive in other board standby. The switching over condition is also defined,Some basic concept about SW of MG
40、W,On a board, 1 or more programs can run. A program is an instance of a loadmodule. To enable redundancy, a so-called RPU (Reliable Program Uniter) isused that contains information where the active (i.e. running) program islocated and where the passive (i.e. passive/standby) program is located.If, f
41、or some reason, the active program fails, the passive program will be madeactive automatically.,The Virtual Media Gateway concept,Core of the MGwGCP terminationReservation and Connection of Cello and Media Stream/Frame resourcesOne VMGw is dedicated to one MSC serverVMGw appears to MSC as a physical
42、 MGw,一个MGW可以受多个MSC-S控制，ITU-T H.248.1，GCP version2灵活的容量利用，良好的网络冗余一个MSC服务器最多控制256个MGW一个MGW最多支持32个虚拟MGW,The Virtual Media Gateway concept,MGW License,Licensing is used forEnabling / disabling featuresCapacity limitations on the nodeOne licence key per licensedcapacity parameter / feature.License key =
43、a node specificsigned string. All license keys for a specific node are delivered together as a license key file (LKF).LKF contains unique number, the fingerprint, which has to match with the node HW, including the same number.,MGW 媒体网关,CPP平台介绍爱立信MGW特点及属性硬件配置各类板子介绍及实现功能软件配置及构架MGW工作原理MGW各类接口和MGW相关的重点概
44、念介绍配置文件及脚本,Managed Object Model (MOM),Presentationlayer,OE,nw mgmt system,Servicelayer,ManagementAdaptationlayer,Resourcelayer,MainProcessor,anyprocessor,external hostprocessor,MAO,MAO,FRO,FRO,RO,RO,RO,Defines the O&M view of the node as seen by a management application in the Presentation layer, i.
45、e. a CORBA client The MOM is an external interface of the node,MOM view,A Managed Object (MO) is implemented by a hierarchy of MAO(s), FRO(s) and RO(s) The Management Information Base (MIB) is the set of all existing MOs at any given time,配置文件 - MO Scripts,Needed when configuration via a GUI is impr
46、acticalInitial configuration of node, major re-configurationsNot all parameters supported by the GUIsConfiguration File Executor included in EMInterpretes the script filesCalls the CPP management services in the nodeUsage:Create and delete MOsSet and check MO attribute valuesExecute MO actions (“met
47、hods”)Echo, trace and transaction supportCalling nested configuration files,MO concept - Overview,Managed Object (MO)set of MAO, fRO, ROrelated to SW architecture and structureas operator only deal with MOs,MO concept - Management Model,Cello NetworkElement,ManagingSystem,Presentation Layer,Manageme
48、nt Adaptation Layer,Resource Layer,MO concept - O&M Cello Platform & Application,EMGUI,Application support,Application GUI,MAO,FRO/RO,ManagementServices,Application MAO,Application FRO/RO,Application Support,MO concept - hierarchy,MO classes have a hierarchyvertical (parent - child)horizontal (refer
49、ence),Mtp3bSpItu,Mtp3bSlItu,Mtp3bSls,Mtp3bSr,Mtp3bSrs,0-255,0-5,0-16,0-80,1,0-1275,0-16,1,Highlight,软交换的基本概念从MSC到MSC Server, GSM网络构架的演进MSC ServerMGW网络拓扑及内外部接口,3GPP Reference Architecture,F,HLR,C,AUC,Gf,SGSN,Gr,Gn,Gc,Gi,Gd,H,Co-operatingNetworks,User Equipment,Radio Access Network,Core Network,Note:
50、Not all interfaces areshown and named,BTS,Um,Abis,BSS,F,D,C,EIR,AUC,A,GMSCServer,Gf,Gn,Gb,Gr,SGSN,GGSN,Gs,Gc,Gd,IuCS,MGW,H,Gp,IuPS,RNC,Node B,Uu,Iur,Iub,RNC,Node B,Iub,RNS,RNS,UTRAN,Iur,ME,Cu,or,SIM-ME i/f,USIM,SIM,MS,ISDNPSTNPSPDNCSPDNPDN:- Intranet- Extranet- Internet,MSC/VLRServer,SCF,ME,SIM-ME i
