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1、Unit12 状语从句,状语从句,状语从句就是在复合句里起状语作用的从句，修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等，可表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、让步、比较、方式、条件等。引导状语从句的连词叫从属连词。状语从句的位置可在句首，也可在句末。放在句首时，从句后面常用逗号与主句隔开；放在句末时，从句前面往往不用逗号。,时间状语从句地点状语从句原因状语从句条件状语从句,状语从句,一、时间状语从句1普通类从属连词引导时间状语从句的普通类从属连词有when(当时)，while(在期间)，as (当，一边一边)，the moment (当时）before(在之前, 才）after(在之后)，since(从以来
2、)，till/until(直到)，whenever(无论何时)，as soon as (一就)等。,状语从句,When I went into the classroom，he was reading.当我走进教室时，他正在看书。It will be five years _ we meet again. A. since B. until C. before D. when,实战演练,I recognized you _ I saw you at the airport. A. the moment B. while C. after D. once,状语从句,【注意】在时间状语从句中，不能
3、用一般将来时，而要用相应的一般现在时来代替。Ill telephone you as soon as I get there.我一到达那里就打电话给你。,小试牛刀,I dont know when he_ (come). I cant wait here any more. When he _(come), would you please ask him to call me?,will come,comes,状语从句,2含time的短语可引导时间状语从句的time短语有every time，each time，(the) next time，(the) last time，by the t
4、ime，the first time等。Every time I listen to music，Ill think of it.每当我听音乐，我就想起这事。,实战演练,_ I listen to your advice, I get into trouble. A. Every time B. By the time C. While D. Until,状语从句,3表示“一就”除as soon as外，还有三类：名词型the moment，the minute，句式型no sooner.than.，hardly/scarcely.when.。The moment I saw him I kn
5、ew that there was no hope.我一看到他，就知道没有希望了。,状语从句,【注意】如果hardly，scarcely或no sooner置于句首，句子必须用倒装结构。Hardly/Scarcely had I got home when it began to rain.我一到家就下雨。,实战演练,1. No sooner had I arrived home _ it began to rain. A. when B. while C. as D. than2. Hardly had he reached the school gate _the bell rang. A
6、. while B. when C. as D. as soon as,状语从句,二、地点状语从句引导地点状语从句的从属连词有where(在的地方)和wherever(在的任何地方)等。Where I live there are plenty of trees.我住的地方树很多。,He seemed to have been asleep, so I said nothing, but sat _ he would see me _ waking. A. whether; when B. that；when C. which；where D. where；when,状语从句,三、原因状语从句
7、引导原因状语从句的从属连词有because (因为)，as(由于)，since(既然)，now (that)(既然)，when(既然)，seeing (that) (由于，鉴于)，considering (that)(考虑到)，given (that)(考虑到)等。I do it because I like it.我做这件事是因为我喜欢。,1.Why was the price of bread so high that year? _ the war broke out. A. As B. Since C. For D. Because2._ we have finished the bo
8、ok we shall start doing some exercises. A. For now B. Since that C. Now that D. Since now,状语从句,四、条件状语从句引导条件状语从句的从属连词有if，unless (if. not 如果不，除非)，as/so long as(只要)，while (as long as只要)，supposing (that) /provided/providing(that) (假如)，in case (假使)，on condition that(在的条件下)等。You can learn anything so long
9、 as you set your mind to learn it.用心学本领，总能学到手。,1._ we are allowed _ , we cant drink any beer. As long as; to do B. If; toC. Unless; to D. On condition that; doing so,状语从句,【注意】条件状语从句和时间状语从句一样，从句的谓语动词不能用一般将来时、过去将来时或将来完成时，而要用相应的一般现在时、一般过去时或现在完成时来替代。Tell me in case you get into difficulty.有困难请告诉我。,I don
10、t know if it_Youll get wet if it_Youd better take an umbrella Awill rain；will rain Brain；will rain Cwill rain；rains Drains；rains,状语从句,易混从属连词辨析1when，while，as(1)while意为“在期间”，从句的谓语必须是延续性动词。The plane had left when we got to the airport.我们到达机场时，飞机已经起飞了。(不能用while),状语从句,(2)as从句的谓语动词一般都是含有动作或发展意味的动词，不与那些不用于
11、进行时的动词连用。While/When you are in the post office，can you get me some stamps?你去邮局时，帮我买几张邮票好吗？(不能用as)(3)表示带有规律性的“每当”，或者主从句动作有先后时，都只能用when。When winter comes，it becomes cold.每当冬天来临，天就变冷。,状语从句,(4)表示“随着”时间的推移，主从句是两种变化的情况，只能用as。As the day went on，the weather got worse.日子一天天过去，天气越变越坏。(5)强调主句动作延续到从句所指的整个时间时，只能
12、用while。Please write while I read.我读的时候，请写下来。,状语从句,2because，since，as，for(1)because语气最强，表示直接的原因，是说话人认为对方不知道的原因，它引导的从句，通常位于主句之后，只是为了强调或承前才可位于主句前。He is absent because he is ill.他因病缺席。在回答why时，或者在强调结构中，或者从句作表语时，都只能用because。,状语从句,1.The doctor told the patient to go on a diet he was overweight. A. on the co
13、ndition of B. because C. for D. when,状语从句,(2)since(既然)和as(由于)是对大家已知的事实提供理由或背景，即所述原因是显而易见的或彼此知晓的，它们引导的从句一般位于主句前，有时也可位于主句后。Since everyone is here，lets begin our class.既然大家都到了，就开始上课吧。As shes been ill，perhaps shell need some help.由于病了，她可能需要些帮助。,1._the weather was fine, I opened all the windows. A. As B. Because of C. For D. With2. _you are leaving tomorrow, we can eat dinner together tonight. A. For B. Since C. Before D. While,because，as，since总是表示因果关系，而且语气较强；而for引导的是并列分句，它只是对前面的分句加以解释，说明推断的理由，前后不一定是因果关系，并且只能后置。The fuel must have been finished, the engine stopped. A. since B. as C. because D. for,
