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1、专题10 动词的时态和语态,专题10 动词的时态和语态,考点直击 ,【考纲解读】,专题10 动词的时态和语态,1动词的时态,1一般现在时(1)结构,专题10 动词的时态和语态,专题10 动词的时态和语态,(2)用法表示经常性、习惯性的动作或状态，常与 seldom, often, usually, always, sometimes, every day，on Sundays等时间状语连用。如： I go to school at seven every day. 我每天七点去上学。,专题10 动词的时态和语态,表示客观真理、科学事实。如：The earth moves around the
2、sun. 地球围绕太阳转。时间状语从句和条件状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时。如： Ill go shopping with my mother if she is free tomorrow.如果明天我妈妈有空，我将和她去购物。 (3)动词第三人称单数形式的变化规则,专题10 动词的时态和语态,专题10 动词的时态和语态,【典例1】 Although Bill isnt rich enough, he often _ money to the poor.Awill give Bwas givingCgives Dgave解析 C前句的时态是一般现在时，由often可知本句表示经常性动作，
3、故也用一般现在时。,专题10 动词的时态和语态,2现在进行时(1)结构：主语am/is/are动词ing形式其他(2)用法表示目前正在进行的动作，常与now，at the moment等时间状语连用。另外，当有listen，look等提示词时，后面的句子常用现在进行时。如：Listen! She is singing in the next room. 听！她正在隔壁房间唱歌。,专题10 动词的时态和语态,表示现阶段正在进行，而此刻不一定在进行的动作。如：We are going over the lessons these days. 这些日子我们在复习功课。趋向动词come, go, le
4、ave，fly等用现在进行时表将来。如：They are leaving for England tomorrow. 他们明天要去英国。,专题10 动词的时态和语态,(3)动词现在分词的变化规则,专题10 动词的时态和语态,【典例2】 Mike, go and see who _ football on the playground.Ais playing Bplays Cplayed Dwere playing 解析 A句意：迈克，去看看谁在操场上踢足球。根据句意可判断踢足球这个动作正在进行。故用现在进行时。,专题10 动词的时态和语态,3一般将来时(1)结构主语will/shall动词原形
5、其他主语am/is/are going to动词原形其他(2)用法表示将要发生的动作或状态，常与soon, next time，tomorrow，from now on等时间状语连用。如： Fish will die without water.离开水，鱼就会死。,专题10 动词的时态和语态,表示“主观意愿、打算”用be going to；根据迹象进行推测也用be going to。如：He is going to learn English next term. 他打算下学期学英语。Look at the black clouds! Its going to rain.看那些乌云！马上要下雨
6、了。,专题10 动词的时态和语态,【典例3】 The famous reporter we talked about just now _ us a speech next weekend. Agives Bgave Chas given Dwill give 解析 D根据时间状语next weekend可知用一般将来时。故选D。,专题10 动词的时态和语态,4一般过去时(1)结构：主语动词过去式其他(2)用法表示过去的某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。如：His friend was at work yesterday. 昨天他的朋友在工作。,专题10 动词的时态和语态,表示过去经常发生或反复
7、发生的动作，常与often, always等表示频度的时间状语连用。如：We often went to work by bus last year. 去年我们经常乘公共汽车上班。,专题10 动词的时态和语态,(3)动词过去式的变化规则,专题10 动词的时态和语态,【典例4】 We _ Susan to the costume party, so she was very happy. Ainvite Binvited Cwill invite Dare inviting 解析 B句意：我们邀请了Susan参加化装舞会，因此她很高兴。根据后句中的was可知该句用一般过去时。故选B。,专题10
8、动词的时态和语态,5现在完成时(1)结构：主语have/has动词过去分词其他(2)用法表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响和结果，常与just, already, yet, ever, never, before等时间状语连用。如：I have seen the film already. 我已经看过这部电影了。,专题10 动词的时态和语态,表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态，常与“ since时间点”或“for 时间段”等时间状语连用。如：We have planted thousands of trees since 2000. 自从2000年开始，我们已经种了成千上万棵树了。H
9、e has learned English for three years. 他学英语三年了。,专题10 动词的时态和语态,(3)一般过去时和现在完成时的区别一般过去时只是说明动作发生在过去，而现在完成时强调过去的动作对现在的影响。如：I saw the movie yesterday. 我昨天看了这部电影。(强调电影是昨天看的)I have seen the movie. 我看过这部电影。(强调已经看过了),专题10 动词的时态和语态,(4)在现在完成时中，如果时间状语表示一段时间，要把非延续性动词变为延续性动词。如：I have had the book for two days. 这本书
10、我买了两天了。(用had而不用bought )He has been in Beijing for two weeks. 他来北京两周了。(用been in而不用come to),专题10 动词的时态和语态,常见的非延续性动词与延续性动词的转化如下表：,专题10 动词的时态和语态,【典例5】 They say theres a supermarket nearby. Yes, and it _ for no more than two weeks. Ahas been open Bopens Cis opening Dopened 解析 A句意：“他们说附近有一个超市。”“是的，它刚开了不到两
11、周。”“for时间段”与现在完成时连用。open是瞬间动词，用be open替换，故选A。,专题10 动词的时态和语态,6过去进行时(1)结构：主语was/were动词ing形式其他(2)用法表示过去某一时间点或某一段时间正在进行的动作，常与 when, while, from 9 to 11, at that time等时间状语连用。如：,专题10 动词的时态和语态,I was doing my homework all the morning yesterday.昨天上午我一直在做作业。What was your father doing while your mother was coo
12、king? 你妈妈做饭时，你爸爸在干什么？,专题10 动词的时态和语态,【典例6】 What was your father doing when we were at the cinema yesterday evening? He _ my bicycle at home at that time. Afixes up Bfixed up Cwould fix up Dwas fixing up 解析 D答语句意：他那时在家里修理我的自行车。at that time常与过去进行时连用。故选D。,专题10 动词的时态和语态,2动词的被动语态,1构成(1)一般现在时： 主语am/is/are过
13、去分词其他如：English is widely used in the world.英语在世界上被广泛使用。,专题10 动词的时态和语态,(2)一般过去时：主语was/were过去分词其他如：The cake was made by my mother. 这个蛋糕是我妈妈做的。(3)一般将来时：主语 will be/is (are) going to be过去分词其他如：A new school will be built next year.明年将有一所新的学校被建立。,专题10 动词的时态和语态,(4)现在完成时：主语 have/has been过去分词其他如：His key hasnt
14、 been found yet.他的钥匙还没有被找到。(5)含情态动词的被动语态：主语情态动词be过去分词其他如：It must be done now. 这件事必须现在就做。,专题10 动词的时态和语态,2用法(1)不知道动作的执行者或没必要说明动作的执行者时，用被动语态。(2)强调动作的承受者时，用被动语态。3不能用于被动语态的动词及短语：(1)不及物动词及短语，如happen，take place等。如：An accident happened last night.昨晚发生了一起事故。,专题10 动词的时态和语态,(2)表示所属关系的动词及短语。如：The car belongs to
15、 Mr. Wang.那辆车属于王先生。(3)连系动词，如 feel，sound, taste, smell 等。如：That sounds like a good idea. 那听起来是个好主意。,专题10 动词的时态和语态,【典例7】 Whats the matter with Mary? She _ by a car and sent to hospital. Ahit Bwas hit Chad hit Dwould hit 解析 B答语句意：她被一辆小汽车撞了，被送进了医院。强调动作的承受者用被动语态。故选B。,专题10 动词的时态和语态,【典例8】 Can you sing this
16、 English song? Of course, I can. It _ many times on the radio. Ataught Bhas taught Cis taught Dhas been taught 解析 Dit 和teach之间是被动关系，故用被动语态，排除A、B。又因为many times常与现在完成时连用，排除C。故选D。,专题10 动词的时态和语态,考点过关,()1. 2014安徽Mr. Wang has left for Guangzhou. He _ a speech there in two days.Agives BgaveCwill give Dhas
17、given,C,根据时间状语“in two days (在两天后)”可知用一般将来时。,专题10 动词的时态和语态,()2. 2014安徽As we all know, the Silk Road _ China to the west in ancient times.Aconnects BconnectedCwill connect Dis connecting,B,句意：在古代，丝绸之路把中国与西方连接了起来。根据in ancient times可知用一般过去时。故选B。,专题10 动词的时态和语态,()3. 2013安徽I cant find David. Where is he?He
18、 _ for tomorrows competitions at home.Aprepares Bis preparingChas prepared Dprepared,B,根据答语句意“他正在家里准备明天的竞赛”可知用现在进行时。故选B。,专题10 动词的时态和语态,()4. 2013安徽Thanks to the Internet, different kinds of information _in a short time.Acan be learned Bhas been learnedCcan learn Dhas learned,A,主语是information，是动作的承受者，
19、故用被动语态，根据句意可知选A。,专题10 动词的时态和语态,()5. 2014合肥包河区二模Remember the first time we met?Sure. You _ at the gate of our school.Astand Bhave stoodCwere standing Dstood,C,根据句意可知第一见面的那个时刻“你”正站在大门口，故用过去进行时。,专题10 动词的时态和语态,()6. 2014合肥包河区模Give me a call as soon as you _ in Hainan.OK, I will.Aarrive Bhave arrivedCwill
20、 arrive Darrived,A,as soon as引导的时间状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来。故选A。,专题10 动词的时态和语态,()7. 2014六安裕安区一模Is Mrs. Green going to attend the meeting tomorrow? Yes, and she _ to give a speech on how to protect the environment. Ahas asked Bwas asked Cis asking Dwill ask,B,专题10 动词的时态和语态,()8. 2014安庆一模How clean Anqing city is
21、!Yeah. Our city _ a lot in the past few years. Ahas changed Bchanged Cchanges Dwill change,A,in the past few years常与现在完成时连用。故选A。,专题10 动词的时态和语态,()9. 2014安庆一模Its said that Change Four _ into space next year. Great. It shows our country is becoming stronger and stronger. Awill be sent up Bis sent up Cw
22、ill send up Dsent up,A,强调动作的承受者用被动语态。根据时间状语next year可知用一般将来时的被动语态。故选A。,专题10 动词的时态和语态,()10. 2014阜阳九中中考模拟Do you love reading Guo Jinmings novels? Of course I do, but I _ them for a long time because Im always busy. Adidnt read Bhavent read Chadnt read Ddont read,B,专题10 动词的时态和语态,()1. 2014赤峰The storyboo
23、k is very interesting.I agree with you. I _ it twice already.Aread Bwill readCam reading Dhave read,语法专练,D,专题10 动词的时态和语态,()2. 2014安顺Why are you in such a hurry, Mike?There _an NBA basketball game in ten minutes.Awill have Bwill beCis going to have Dare going to be,B,in ten minutes与一般将来时连用，there be句型
24、的一般将来时为there will be/there is(are) going to be。,专题10 动词的时态和语态,()3.I cant understand what the book is about because it _ in English. Awrites Bwill write Cis written Dwill be written,C,专题10 动词的时态和语态,()4.There is a lot of wind in North China.Well, more trees _ every year to stop the wind.Amust be plant
25、ed Bcan plantedCshould planted Dmay be planted,A,强调动作的承受者用被动语态，排除B、C，由句意可知应该是每年必须种植许多树，故选A。,专题10 动词的时态和语态,()5.Where are the students?Oh, they _ football on the playground just now. Awere seen play Bwere seen to play Chave seen to play Dhave seen play,B,感官动词see, hear, watch等用于主动语态中，其后的宾语补足语要省略to，但在被动
26、语态中一定要加to，故选B。,专题10 动词的时态和语态,()6. 2014上海Susan and Lily _ tomatoes and other vegetables on the farm this time yesterday.Apick Bare pickingCwill pick Dwere picking,D,由this time yesterday可知用过去进行时。故选D。,专题10 动词的时态和语态,()7. 2014沈阳The office phones are dirty and they _ next week.Awill clean Bwill be cleaned
27、Care cleaning Dare cleaned,B,专题10 动词的时态和语态,()8.Bad luck! Its too late!It doesnt matter. The movie _ for only a few minutes. Ahas begun Bhas been onCbegan Dwas on,B,由for引导的时间状语可知本句用现在完成时，begin是瞬间动词，不能与for引导的时间状语连用，故选B。,专题10 动词的时态和语态,()9.The skirt looks different from the others and its really nice.Th
28、anks. It _ by my mother last month.Amade Bis made Chas been made Dwas made,D,专题10 动词的时态和语态,()10. 2014徐州What a surprise to see you here! When _ you _back? Ado; get Bdid; getChave; got Dwill; get,B,专题10 动词的时态和语态,()11. 2014达州Have you ever _ an amusement park?Yes, I have. I _ Fun Times Amusement Park la
29、st year.Abeen to; have gone to Bgone to; have been toCgo to; went to Dbeen to; went to,D,表示“曾经去过某地”用have been to；又根据last year可知第二个空用一般过去时。故选D。,专题10 动词的时态和语态,()12. 2014十堰The book store _ a big sale. The books there must be very cheap now.Sounds great. Lets go into it and have a look.Awill have BhadCi
30、s having Dwas having,C,专题10 动词的时态和语态,()13. 2014贺州Can you see the picture on the wall? It looks beautiful.Yes. It _ by Mr. Black two months ago.Apainted Bis paintedCpaints Dwas painted,D,专题10 动词的时态和语态,()14.What did Miss Zhang say to you just now?She said that all the books should _ to the library on
31、time.Aare returned BreturnCbe returned Dbe returning,C,本句是含情态动词的被动语态。其结构是：情态动词be动词的过去分词，故选C。,专题10 动词的时态和语态,()15.Nancy is not coming to the party tonight.But she _ me shed love to.Atells BtoldChad told Dis telling,B,由句意可知“告诉我”是过去发生的事，故用一般过去时。,专题10 动词的时态和语态,()16.Youve left the TV on.Oh, sorry. I _ and
32、 turn it off.Ahave gone Bgo Cwent Dwill go,D,根据上句句意可知电视没有关，所以下句表示将要去关上它，故用一般将来时。,专题10 动词的时态和语态,()17.What do you do?Im an English teacher. I _ in No. 35 Middle School in Beijing. I like my job very much.Ateach Bhave taughtCwill teach Dtaught,A,专题10 动词的时态和语态,()18.How nice the building is! What is it u
33、sed for?It _ as a hotel. But Im not sure.Amust be used Bis usedCmay be used Dis using,C,根据答语中“But Im not sure”可知是表示不太可能的推测，故选C。,专题10 动词的时态和语态,()19.Have you seen Alan? He asked me to play football this afternoon. Maybe he _ computer games in his room. Aplayed Bwill play Cwas playing Dis playing,D,专题1
34、0 动词的时态和语态,()20.The twin brothers _ for doing with the situation properly in the fire. Aare praised Bpraised Cpraise Dwere praised,D,双胞胎兄弟是动作的承受者，故用被动语态，“表扬”这一动作发生在过去。故选D。,专题10 动词的时态和语态,()21. 2014北京What do you often do at weekends?I often _ my grandparents.Avisit BvisitedChave visited Dwill visit,A,
35、专题10 动词的时态和语态,()22. 2014河北Im busy now. I _ to you after school this afternoon.Atalk BtalkedCwill talk Dhave talked,C,根据时间状语this afternoon可知用一般将来时。,专题10 动词的时态和语态,()23. 2014曲靖_ you _ what club you want to join? Not yet. ADo; decide BHave; decidedCAre; deciding DCan; decide,B,根据答语中的Not yet可知用现在完成时。,专题1
36、0 动词的时态和语态,()24. 2014镇江My aunt said she called you yesterday morning, but there was no answer.Oh, we were at home. Maybe my husband with my daughter and me _ my car in the garden.Awere washing Bhad washedCwas washing Dwashed,C,本句的主语是with前面的my husband，所以谓语动词用单数形式，结合情景可知要用过去进行时，故选C。,专题10 动词的时态和语态,()25
37、.Mrs. Whites dog is so noisy.You wont hear it any more. It _ away yesterday.Ahas sent Bhas been sentCwas sent Dwas sending,C,专题10 动词的时态和语态,()26. 2014寿春中学模拟Why are you still here? They are ready to start.Sorry, but I _ when to leave.Adont tell Bdidnt tell Cam not told Dwasnt told,D,答语句意：抱歉，但我没有被告诉什么时
38、候离开。故选D。,专题10 动词的时态和语态,()27. 2014寿春中学模拟Wow, the opening ceremony of Sochi Winter Olympics was fantastic last night! I missed it! I _ for the next monthly exam.Aam preparing Bhave prepared Cwas preparing Dwill prepare,C,根据句意可知索契冬奥会开幕的时候“我”正在准备月考。故选C。,专题10 动词的时态和语态,()28. 2014来宾What did you do for your
39、 dad on Fathers Day this year?I _ a beautiful tie for him.Abuy BboughtCbuys Dbuying,B,根据问句的时态为一般过去时可知，买领带是过去发生的事。故选B。,专题10 动词的时态和语态,()29. 2014广东I wonder whether Brazil will win the match later tonight.Go to bed first. I will wake you up as soon as the match _Astarts BstartedCwill start Dis starting,A,专题10 动词的时态和语态,()30.What can we do to develop our hometown?First of all, a lot of new roads _， I think.Ashould build Bhave to buildCmust be built Dshouldnt be built,C,
