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1、TRANSLATION CET4 (动词时态),11/26/2022,翻译技巧,动词时态,亲，基本时态你真的知道吗？,11/26/2022,英语共有十六种时态，其表现形式如下(以study为例) 一般时 进行时 完成时 完成进行时现在 study be studying have studied have been studying过去 studied be studying had studied had been studying将来 will study will be studying will have studied will have been studying过去将来 woul
2、d study would be studying would have studied would have been studying,11/26/2022,这句咋翻译呢？,He makes a good teacher, as he was a good student.,他过去是个好学生，现在是个好老师。,英译汉，一般采用增词法将时态译出,11/26/2022,进行时,现在进行时，需要增加“正在”，“在”过去进行时，可不增词“那时”，也可增词，以通顺为主将来进行时，一般不加词现在完成进行时，翻译一般要加词过去完成进行时，有时不加词，有时要加词将来完成进行时，可加“就要”、“就有”过去将
3、来进行时，翻译时可不加过去将来完成进行时，翻译时要加 “要满”、“就要满”,11/26/2022,现在进行时增加“正在”，“在” ，“总是”,I am reading the newspaper.我在看报纸。He is always telling, never doing.他总是只说不做。be being + adj 表示故意这样的形容词有funny, polite, slow, fast.Your brother is being difficult.你弟弟故意刁难人。He is being slow.他故意慢吞吞的。,11/26/2022,2. 过去进行时增词与否，以通顺为主,What
4、were you doing last week?上周你在干吗？He was studying in France.他那时正在法国学习。,11/26/2022,将来进行时，一般不加词,What will you be doing at eight tomorrow?明天八点你干什么？,11/26/2022,4. 现在完成进行时，要加词,Ive been hoping Id have a chance to see the film. 我一直盼望着有机会看这部电影。,11/26/2022,过去完成进行时有时不加词，有时要加词,They got the letter they had been e
5、xpecting.他们收到了他们（一直）盼望的书信。,11/26/2022,6. 将来完成进行时加 “就要”、“就有”,She will have been studying English for five years by the end of the year. 今年年底，她学英语就要满5年了。,11/26/2022,过去将来进行时可不加词,I thought you would be sleeping. 我想那会儿你已经睡着了。,11/26/2022,过去将来完成进行时加“要满”、“就要满”,She would have been studying English for five y
6、ears by the end of the year. 到那年年底，她学英语就要满五年了。,练习一下吧,1、昨晚我听着音乐睡着了我听着音乐是昨晚的一段时间内正进行的动作，即I was listening to the music.睡着了指听音乐时的瞬间行为，可以用I fell asleep. Listening 是延续性行为，既可以用when（在听动作进行期间的某一个点上睡着了）也可以用while（在听动作进行的期间睡着了）,11/26/2022,2 我们看电视前，她都已经睡着了 我们看电视是过去的行为，她睡着是发生在看电视以前，即是过去的过去的动作，因此应该用过去完成时She had al
7、ready fallen asleep before we watched TV.,11/26/2022,3 那个女孩已经返回了城市，她受不了乡下生活的艰苦The girl has been back to the city for she could not suffer the hard life in the countryside.The girl has already returned to the city because she had no patience with the hard life in the countryside.,11/26/2022,4 我们按计划完成
8、了任务We have fulfilled the task according to schedule.We have done the assignment on schedule.,11/26/2022,5 我们比原计划提前3天完成任务We have done the assignment ahead of schedule three days earlier than the original plan.,11/26/2022,6 我明天要去看一场电影放松心情，最近一个月，精神压力太大了。We are going to see a film for a relaxation; we h
9、ave been weighing heavily on the spirit in the recent month.,11/26/2022,7 不要做与工作无关的事情Dont do anything that has nothing to do with your work.Dont do things (which is) foreign to your work.,11/26/2022,8 包裹需要您本人签收The package needs signing for yourself.The package needs to be signed for yourself.,11/26/
10、2022,9 每次提的问题不要超过3个Dont have the questions raised each time more than three.,11/26/2022,10 每次进入房间人数不要超过3人 / 要多于3人The number coming into the room is requested not to be over three (not to be more then three) / to be more than three.,11/26/2022,中药,众所周知，在最近两百年之前的大部分时间里，人类一直依赖传统药物与疾病斗争。各大文明古国几乎都有自己的民族医药
11、体系，其中又以中国的中医药体系最为完备，成就最大。可以说，中国的的中医药体系是古代医药科学的最高表现。中药绝大部分来源于天然植物，其次是动物、矿物等。中国各地使用的中药已达5000种左右，用各种药材配成的方剂，更是数不胜数。,11/26/2022,Chinese Medicine,As is commonly known, until the most recent centuries people fought against disease with traditional drugs. Ancient civilizations all had their own national dr
12、ug system, among which the Chinese system was the most comprehensive and achieved the greatest results. We could say that the Chinese traditional drug system is the supreme representation of the type . Traditional Chinese drugs come mostly from natural plants, with some from animals and minerals. Th
13、ere are about 5000 traditional drugs in use across China, and countless prescriptions made with those drugs.,11/26/2022,1. 众所周知，在最近两百年之前的大部分时间里，人类一直依赖传统药物与疾病斗争。As is commonly known, until the most recent centuries people fought against disease with traditional drugs.,11/26/2022,一般现在时,一般过去时,2.各大文明古国几
14、乎都有自己的民族医药体系，其中又以中国的中医药体系最为完备，成就最大。Ancient civilizations all had their own national drug system, among which the Chinese system was the most comprehensive and achieved the greatest results.,11/26/2022,一般过去时,3.可以说，中国的的中医药体系是古代医药科学的最高表现。We could say that the Chinese traditional drug system is the supr
15、eme representation of the type .,11/26/2022,一般现在时,委婉语,4.中药绝大部分来源于天然植物，其次是动物、矿物等。Traditional Chinese drugs come mostly from natural plants, with some from animals and minerals.,11/26/2022,一般现在时,5.中国各地使用的中药已达5000种左右，用各种药材配成的方剂，更是数不胜数。There are about 5000 traditional drugs in use across China, and coun
16、tless prescriptions made with those drugs.,11/26/2022,一般现在时,11/26/2022,庙会,在中国各地，过去不论乡村、城市，到处都有庙。每年到了佛祖或神灵的祭日，都在庙前广场上搭台演戏。这时候，大家都来看戏，小贩也前来摆地摊，做生意。逛庙会的人们，既可以进香，又可以看戏，还可以买东西。因此庙会期间，天天都是非常热闹的。人们坐车子走几十里路，除了烧香还愿之外，还达到了交际、娱乐、旅行和购物的目的。这种庙会通常都是一年一次，为期最多不过半个月，日期一过，马上就冷落下来了。,11/26/2022,Temple Fair,Temples abou
17、nded across China, both in the countryside and in the cities. Every year on the fete-days of the Buddha or other gods, stages were set up for the performances on the square before the temples. Many people came for the play, and the vendors put up stalls to do business. Those who came for the temple
18、fair offered incense to Buddha, watched the play and did some shopping at the same time. Hence the temple fairs were full of hustle and bustle every day. People took wagons or walked for miles to the temple fair, fulfilling the purposes of communication, entertainment, travel and shopping apart from
19、 offering incenses. Such temple fairs were often held once a year for at most half a month; after which the temple became desolate with far fewer visitors.,11/26/2022,1.在中国各地，过去不论乡村、城市，到处都有庙。Temples abounded across China, both in the countryside and in the cities.,一般过去时,11/26/2022,2.每年到了佛祖或神灵的祭日，都在庙
20、前广场上搭台演戏。Every year on the fete-days of the Buddha or other gods, stages were set up for the performances on the square before the temples.,一般过去时,无主句被动,11/26/2022,3. 这时候，大家都来看戏，小贩也前来摆地摊，做生意。Many people came for the play, and the vendors put up stalls to do business.,一般过去时,两动词非谓语动词处理,11/26/2022,4. 逛庙
21、会的人们，既可以进香，又可以看戏，还可以买东西。因此庙会期间，天天都是非常热闹的。Those who came for the temple fair offered incense to Buddha, watched the play and did some shopping at the same time. Hence the temple fairs were full of hustle and bustle every day.,一般过去时,11/26/2022,5. 人们坐车子走几十里路，除了烧香还愿之外，还达到了交际、娱乐、旅行和购物的目的。People took wago
22、ns or walked for miles to the temple fair, fulfilling the purposes of communication, entertainment, travel and shopping apart from offering incenses.,一般过去时,目的分词结构,11/26/2022,这种庙会通常都是一年一次，为期最多不过半个月，日期一过，马上就冷落下来了。Such temple fairs were often held once a year for at most half a month; after which the temple became desolate with far fewer visitors.,定语从句,无主句-庙,减译法COMMING SOON,
