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1、,张云奇绥中一高中,statistic (pl.) statistics sunburnt struggledecade dekeidsuperhybrid haibrid outputstrain strein crophunger disturbing expand ikspndcirculate s:kjuleit,数据；统计；统计数字； n. 晒黑的 adj. 斗争；拼搏；努力 vt. & vi. 十年；十年期 n.特级的；超级的 adj.,混合的；杂种的 adj. 混血儿产量；输出n. （植物的）品种；种类n. 庄稼；农作物；产量n. 饥饿；欲望n. (使)饥饿vt. &引起烦恼的；
2、令人不安的adj. 使变大；伸展vt. & vi.循环；流传vt. & vi.,Key words:,越南（东南亚国家）幸亏；由于；因为n. vt. & vi.战役；战斗；较量vt.摆脱；除去摆脱；除去对感到满意n.自由；自主宁愿；宁可adv.因为；所以；因而vt. & vi. 配备；装备n.高粱n. 谷物；粮食；颗粒. n. 花生vt. & vi. /n 输出；出口,Vietnam,vjetnm thanks to battleridrid of be satisfied withfreedomwould rathertherefore equip - equippedsorghum gra
3、in peanutpi:ntexport,nationality occupation ,kjupeinpersonalityconfuse knfju:zregretchemical kemiklorganic :nik fertile f:tailfertilizer f:tilaizproduction bacteria （bacterium的复数形式）pestbuild uplead tonutrition nju:trin,n. 国籍n.工作；职业；占领n. 性格；个性；人格vt.使迷惑；使为难vt. n. 遗憾；惋惜.遗憾； adj 化学的；关于化学的.adj.有机的; 器官的；组
4、织的adj. 肥沃的；富饶的肥料； n. 化肥n.生产；制造 n .细菌n.害虫；害兽；害鸟逐渐增强；建立；开发导致；造成（后果）n. 营养;滋养；食物,bktiri,bktirim,mineralminrldiscovery focus focus on soilreduce keep free from/of soybean (=soyabean) root skim underline. summary commentkment producer industrialindstril,n. 矿物；矿石n.发现；发觉n.焦点；中心点vt.集中；聚集集中（注意力、精力等）于un.土壤vt.减
5、少；减缩使免受（影响；害等n.大豆n.根；根源vt.浏览；略读vt. 画底线标出；强调n.总结；摘要；概要n. 作出评论n.生产者；制片人adj.工业的；产业的,为斗争同作斗争挣扎着站起来努力做某事“展开，扩大” 范围和体积扩大“伸出，延伸” 长度,宽度的外延“传播;蔓延” 如:传播(疾病),散布 “伸展”一件设备 adj.准备好的，装备好的用配备/装备为而装备 增强自信 增强体质,1.struggle forstruggle against/withstruggle to ones feetstruggle to do sth.2.expandextendspreadstretch,equi
6、p sb.for sth,3.a piece of equipment,equipped,equip sth.with sth.,build up your strength,4.build up their confidence,一、Key phrases,adj. 后悔的，遗憾的 adj. 无悔的，没有遗憾的 后悔做了或没做某事 遗憾地要去做某事令某人遗憾的是遗憾地/骄傲地/满意地减少了.减少到 沦落为令某人满意的是满意的表情令人满意的答案,regret to do sth.,5.regretful,regretless,regret (not)doing/having done sth,
7、much to ones regret,with regret/pride/satisfaction6.reduce by . reduce to . be reduced to n./doing,8.because of; owing to; on account of; due to; as a result of,9.result in=contribute to=account for=bring about,7.to ones satisfactionsatisfied/surprised/excited looka satisfying answer,1.work the land
8、,work vi &vt.,(1) 工作,用功，做工, 上班，任职 vi.,How many hours a day do you work?,work at 在.工作；从事.work on 做.work for 为.工作work as 担任.work out 解决(问题)，算出，详细拟定，锻炼,(2)vt. 耕耘，耕种(土地)；经营(工厂，农场等),He works a big farm.Work the land.,二、Key language points,2. if not 如果不,if so/ possible/ necessary/ any,3. More than 800 mil
9、lion people go to bed hungry every day.,It may rain this afternoon.If not, I will shop with you.,4. a pioneer for all people 造福全人类的先驱者,ioneer (1) cn. 先驱者，先锋，拓荒者 (2) vt&vi 倡导，提倡,How many of you go to school hungry?He got home, _ and hungry.A. tiring B. tired C. to tired D. having tired,tired,struggle
10、 forstruggle against/withstruggle to ones feetstruggle to do sth. She struggled to fight back the tears. It was a hard struggle to get my work done on time. 为了按时完成工作, 我做了一番努力。,5.struggle vi.斗争，奋斗n.斗争；努力,为斗争同作斗争挣扎着站起来努力做某事,她努力忍住泪水。,(=make great efforts to do sth.),My sister，_ for months to find a job
11、 as a teacher, finally took a position in Wenzhou Daily.Astruggling BstruggledCto struggle Dhaving struggled,sunburnt adj. 晒黑的, She struggled _ the independence of her country all her life. We all struggle _ the pollution of environment. The old man struggled _ his feet，walking out of the room. Try
12、to stop the children_ fighting_ each other.,with,for,against,to,from,7. output cn&un 产量，产品，输出-input,6. decade cn.十年 The first decade of the 21st century One and a half decades _ passed.,The rice has a high output.,ut out vt 生产，制造；发表，出版； 扑灭，熄灭；伸出,has,8. This special strain of rice makes it possible t
13、o produce 20% more of the crop in the same field.,strain cn.品种，种族crop cn.农作物，收获量，收成，平头 vt.剪短，种植gather/ harvest a crop 收割/收获农作物 the rice crop 稻米的收成 the crops 全部收获,10. As a young man, he saw the great need for increasing the rice output.,9. graduate from after graduation,the (great) need for sth/doing
14、as (1)当.时 (2)作为 (3)如，像,11. At that time, hunger was a disturbing problem in many parts of the countryside.,hunger (1) un. 饥饿，饥荒 cn.渴望 die of hunger have a hunger for fame/ knowledge. (2) vi 饥饿，渴望，渴求 hunger for/ after peace/ love 渴望 (3) hungry adj. 饥饿的，空腹的；渴望的 go hungry be hungry for/ after affection
15、,12. disturb vt/vi. The noise in the street disturbed my study. Dont disturb. (请勿打扰) (1) 打扰，妨碍A gentle wind disturbed the smooth surface of the lake (2) 扰乱，搞乱She was disturbed to hear her mothers sudden sickness.(3) 使人心神不宁,(4) adj. disturbing 令人心神不宁的 disturbed 感到心神不宁的，受打扰的,expandextendspreadstretch,
16、13. expand vt.& vi. (1)伸展, 膨胀，鼓起 (2) 扩大，扩张 (3)说明，详述,The balloon expands as it is filled with air.He is thinking of expanding his business.He expanded on his new theory.,The fire soon _ to the nearby houses.The tourist season from May till October. A balloon when it is blown up.The cornfield _ for mi
17、les.,spread,extends,expands,stretched,“展开，扩大” 范围和体积的扩大“伸出，延伸” 长度,宽度的外延“传播;蔓延” 如:传播(疾病),散布（信息)“伸展，伸出，伸腰(土地，河流)绵延”,(4) un. 扩张，扩大，发展；膨胀。 (5)expansive adj. 膨胀的，扩张的，辽阔的 坦率的，健谈的,14. feed vt&vi fed-fed (1)喂(人，动物，婴儿等) ，吃饭(2)抚养，饲养She feeds her boy who is too little to feedhimself.He has a large family to fee
18、d.feed sb on sth= feed sth to sb 喂.吃.feed the dog on meat = feed meat to the dog. feed on 以.为主食= live onfeed up 养肥，使吃饱 Im fed up.be fed up with 厌烦,15.circulate vt & vi circulation un. (1)循环 (2)传播，散布Blood circulates through/ in the body.The fan circulates the air in the room. circulate ones knowledge
19、,16. Thanks to sb/sth. 多亏，由于，因为 Thanks for sth/doing thanks to= due to=owing to because of = by reason of as a result of = on account of as a consequence of = in consequence of,17. rid vt 使除去，使摆脱，免除 rid-rid ridding,rid sb/oneself/ sth of . inform/ warn/ cure/remind/rob sb.of sthI tried various ways
20、to rid the kitchen of cockroaches.You should rid yourself of that bad habit.rid a house of mice 清除室内老鼠,be rid of = get rid of 摆脱，除掉，扔掉，I am rid of debt now.Im very glad to get rid of my bad cold., 她从来不满足于现状。Shes never _ the present situation. 你对他的解释满意吗?Are you _?,18. be satisfied/content with 对感到满意t
21、o ones satisfactionsatisfied/surprised/excited looka satisfying answer,satisfied with his explanation,satisfied with,令某人满意的是满意的表情令人满意的答案,satisfy vt 使人满意/满足,19. freedom un. 自由 the freedom to do sthmore/ less freedom.,20. would rather (not) do sth would rather have donewould rather do . than do= would
22、 do . rather than do would rather (that) . (必须虚拟),21.equip vt 装备，配备；使有能力 equipment un. 装备设备_ 一套设备 _ adj.准备好的，装备好的_搭配用配备/装备_搭配使某人为.做好准备_搭配使某人能够做.,equip sb.for sth,a piece of equipment,(well/poorly) equipped,equip sth.with sth.,2）Our school offers good _(equip) and your training here will equip you _
23、your future job.3）The room is equipped _ home appliances (家用电器).,with,equipment,for,4）It was a modern，bright and well _ (equip) hospital.,equipped,1）这所学校不再是从前的样子了，那时它装备的很落后,The school is no longer what it used to be, when it was poorly equipped .,_himself with necessary knowledge and skills，the youn
24、g man went to the job market with much confidence.AEquipped BEquippingCHaving equipped DBeing equipped,equip sb to do sth,22.nationality cn. 国籍 民族，国民,What is your nationality? Im Chinese.,national adj. 人民的，国家的，民族的，全国性的 a national newpaper national flag national holiday national park,23. occupation c
25、n.&un. 职业，工作，占领 lose ones occupation Whats your occupation? occupy vt. 占(时间，空间，地位)；占领。 The park occupies a third of the city.,24. confuse vt. 使困惑/糊涂；混淆，弄混。 The difficult question confused him. get/become confused 困惑，不知所措 sth confuses sb. confuse . with .I confused her with her sister because they ar
26、e so alike.,25. regret n.& v.懊悔，惋惜，遗憾 _adj. 后悔的，遗憾的 _adj. 无悔的，没有遗憾的 _ 后悔已经做了某事 _搭配遗憾地要去做某事_ 令某人遗憾的是_遗憾地,regret to do sth.,regretful,regretless,regret doing/having done sth,much to ones regret,with regret, The King always felt _ (regret), for he regretted _ (kill) the man who committed no crime at al
27、l. I regret_ (tell) you that your mother is ill.,to tell,regretful,killing,27.cause damage to. do harm to= do . harm do good to = do . good 28. wash off 冲掉，洗掉 wash away 冲走，洗掉 wash down 冲洗，冲下，吞下 wash oneself 洗身体/手/脸,26. chemical (1)adj. 化学的，化学性的 a chemical change a chemical reaction a chemical experi
28、ment (2)cn. 化学制品，化学药品，化学物质 (3)chemistry un. 化学，化学性质/作用 (4)chemist cn. 化学家，药剂师,29.build up逐渐增强; 逐渐增长;建立;开发1)The company has built up a fine reputation. 该公司已建立起良好的信誉。2)You must _ after your illness. 你在病后必须要增强体力。3)我们应该鼓励孩子们树立信心。We should encourage the children to _ 4)看到你的词汇量在逐渐增长我很高兴。Im very glad to se
29、e that your vocabulary is_.,build up your strength,build up their confidence,gradually building up .,30.lead to (led -led)The car accident led to_ 那次车祸导致他死亡。All roads lead to Rome. result in=contribute to=account for=bring aboutEg.The students in the university are all taking courses_ a degree. A. s
30、ticking to B.leading to C.turning to D.referring to,his being killed.,条条大路通罗马。,通向；导致；造成（后果）,31. in addition = besides 而且 in addition to = besides 除了He is always late. In addition, he doesnt work hard.In addition to the bad weather, we dont have enough time.,32. discovery cn&un. 发现 discover v. 发现 mak
31、e a discovery. The discovery of new evidence led to the thief being caught.He made a new discovery, which I think is of great importance.,33. focus cn. 焦点，焦距，中心,the focus of attention the focus of the argument,vt & vi 对准焦距，集中注意力/关心 focus . on sth/doing sth focus on sth/doing sth,I focused the camera
32、 on herWe must focus our attention on urgent problems.,Please focus your minds on the following questions.请你们集中精力思考下列问题。Each exercise focuses on a different point .每个练习都有不同的重点。I cant focus my thought today.今天我的思想集中不起来。,34.reduce v.减少;降低;缩小(尺寸,数量,价格等),reduce by . reduce to . be reduced to sth/doingre
33、duction n.rdk()n,减少了.减少到 沦落为降低，减少,The poor boy was reduced to begging.,(3)The poor boy is reduced to begging. 那个可怜的孩子已沦为乞丐。, Its said that prices of oil will be increased _ more than 7 yuan. Because of the pressure from people，housing prices has reduced _ 10% since the beginning of this year.,by,to,
34、34. keep . free from/ of . 使. 免受(影响，伤害等)； 使.不含(有害物)This also keeps the air, soil, water and crops free from chemicals.They focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease.,35. avoid vt 避免，逃避，回避 avoid sb/ sth/ doing/ being done,Fortunately, we were able to avoid an accident.I tried to avoid meet
35、ing him because he always bored me.,37. underline vt 在.下划线；强调Underline the most important words.Read the underlined part attentively.Underline the importance of cooperation.,38. comment (1) cn & un. 评论，评语，批评，意见。 Do you have any comments to make? He has made several comments on the movie. No comment!
36、 无可奉告！ make a comment on/ upon sth.,(2) vt& vi 评论，批评，解释, 认为。 comment on/upon The critics commented favorably on his new book.,36. skim vt&vi. 略读，浏览；撇去(浮物),I didnt have time even to skim (through) the book.I forgot to skim off the fat from the stew(炖菜).,三、词组互译,1.努力做某事_2.幸亏，由于 _3.摆脱，除去 _4.宁愿，宁可 _5.使某人
37、迷惑 _6.后悔做了某事 _,regret doing/having done sth.,struggle to do sth.,thanks to,get rid of/rid. of,would rather,confuse sb,7. 导致，造成 _8. 集中注意力于 _9. 使免受伤害等 _10. 对某事进行评论 _11. 对满意 _12. 有做某事的自由 _13.in the following decade_,在后来的十年里,lead to,focus on,keep. free from.,make a comment on sth.,be satisfied/content w
38、ith,have the freedom to do sth.,14.according to the statistic_15.be rooted in _16.be fertile in _17.the underlined phrase _18.organic farming _,有机农业,数据表明,根源于,盛产,画线的短语,having struggled,accommodation,to tell,(5)Look over theretheres a very long，winding path_ up to the house.(2011山东卷，27),看那边那儿有一条长长的蜿蜒小
39、路通向那所房子。,1.Tom,_ for months to find a job as a waitress，finally took a position at a local advertising agency. (10湖南)汤姆, 几个月来一直努力找到一份当服务员的工作,最后在当地的广告公司找到了一个职位。,2.After the earthquake,the first thing the local government,did was to provide_ for the homeless families.(湖北),3.She deeply regretted losing
40、 her temper.她为自己发了脾气而深感后悔。朗文,地震之后，政府做的第一件事就是为那些无家可归的人提供住所。,(4)I regret_you that John has been fired.I can hardly believe my ears.He is such a fine worker.很遗憾的告诉你汤姆被解雇了。我不敢相信自己的耳朵，他是那么好的一个工人。,leading,四、词组运用,1.I am so tired that I cant_ (pay full attention to) anything today.2.A young man attached him
41、self to me at the party and I couldnt _ (make sb. /sth .free from)him.,get rid of,focus on,3.I_ (prefer to) remain poor than get money by dishonest means.4.You might guess that Dr Yuan，who is now rich and famous，_ (满意) his life.,would rather,is satisfied with,5.The exposure of the diary _ (导致) many
42、officials being caught.6._ (because of) his strong constitution，Jack was able to pull through his recent serious illness.,Thanks to,led to,7.Nowadays women _ (有更多的自由) to do anything they want to do.8. _(根据) an immigration statistic，the number of illegal immigrants in United States is currently over
43、22，000，000。,have more freedom,According to,9.Every Day is Valentine Day if you _ your heart _ (使远离) hate and every Day is Valentine Day if you stay away from worries.10.Art _(源于) life while reflects it.,is rooted in,keep,free from,五、课文填空,Dr.Yuan was born in Beijing in 1930.1 _he graduated from South
44、west Agriculture College in 1953，he has devoted 2_ life 3_ finding ways to grow more and more rice. As a young man，he saw the great need for increasing the rice output.,Since,his,to,At that time，hunger was 4_ serious problem in many parts of the country. Dr Yuan searched for a way 5 _ (increase) ric
45、e harvests without expanding the area of fields.In 1950，Chinese farmers could only produce fifty million tons of rice.,a,to increase,Last year，6 _，nearly two hundred million tons of rice7_ (produce). These increased harvests mean 8 _22% of the worlds people are fed from just 7% of the farmland in Ch
46、ina.Dr Yuan is now circulating his 9 _ (know) in India, Vietnam and other less developed countries to increase their rice harvests.,however,was produced,that,knowledge,Thanks to his research，the UN is trying to rid the world 10 _hunger. Using his hybrid rice farmers are producing harvests twice as l
47、arge as before.,of,Subject-Verb Agreement 主谓一致,Grammar,The group _(be) made up of nine students.,The group_ (be) dancing happily.,is,are,The team _ (have) some good players. The team _(be)handsome.,has,are,1.Collective nouns（集合名词）,由集体名词，如group, family, class, government, team, crowd, company, audien
48、ce等作主语时, 如果看成一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式, 如果看成其中各成员,则用复数形式.,2. Indefinite pronouns（不定代词）,Nothing _(be)difficult in the world if you set your mind to it .,is,不定代词:everybody, everyone, everything, Anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something, nobody, no one, nothing, each, the other,2. Everything ready.
49、 (be),is,3. Someone to see you. (want),wants,谓语动词用单数.,【12湖南】All the scientific evidence _that increasing use of chemicals in farming _ damaging our health. A.show; are B.shows; are C.show; is D.shows; is,or, either . or, neither . nor, not only . but also, whether.or在句子中连接主语的时候在there/here be句型中, 谓语动
50、词要和就近的主语保持一致。,3.就近原则,A or B Not A but B Either A or B Neither A nor B Not only A but also B,Verb,Here There,+Verb,A and B,A , B and C,Not only you but also he _ wrong. (is/are),Neither you nor he _ right. (is/are),There _ two shops and a cinema beside the railway station. (is/are),Here _ a map and a
