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1、马丁 路德 金,1,马丁 路德 金,MartinLutherKing,Jr.(January 15,1929April4,1968)wasoneofthepivotalleadersoftheAmericancivilrightsmovement.KingwasaBaptistminister,oneofthefewleadershiprolesavailabletoblackmenatthetime.Hebecameacivilrightsactivistearlyinhiscareer.HeledtheMontgomeryBusBoycott(19551956)andhelpedfound
2、theSouthernChristianLeadershipConference(1957),servingasitsfirstpresident.,2,马丁 路德 金,（1929年1月15日1968年4月4日 ）是美国民权运动的重要领导者。金是一个浸信会牧师，一个在当时黑人男性提供的一些领导角色。他成为民权活动家在他早期的职业生涯。他领导了蒙哥马利公共汽车抵制（19551956），帮助建立了南方基督教领袖会议（1957），担任其第一任总统,3,背景,美国1861年的内战，虽然解放了黑奴，但美国的种族隔离仍然持续，尤其在南部，黑人不能入读白人学校、不能在招待白人的餐厅进食、不能乘坐同一辆公共汽
3、车、或必须让座给白人。北部情况较佳，但黑人的待遇仍然很差。,4,遭受白人的白眼、嘲笑、羞辱,5,糟糕的健康状况,6,7,美国的黑人在20世纪50年代，展开争取民权的运动。南部一名黑人妇女拒绝让座给白人而被捕的事件，激起持续的抗议行动。当时在教会当传道人的马丁路德金（Martin Luther King），亦投入争取黑人民权运动的行列。,8,1963年8月28日， 25万人响应马丁路德金的号召，在美国首都华盛顿游行，争取立法保障黑人的权利。马丁路德金在林肯纪念馆前的石阶，对群众发表著名的我有一个梦想（I have a Dream）演说，希望白人和黑人有一天可平等地生活在一起。,9,10,1963
4、年8月28日在华盛顿25万黑人的集会上发表演讲,11,I have a dream,Martin Luther King,Jr.,12,HighlightsI have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia, the sons of former slaves and the sons of former slave owners will be able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood. I have a dream that one day even the sta
5、te of Mississippi, a state sweltering with the heat of injustice, sweltering with the heat of oppression, will be transformed into an oasis offreedom and justice.I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by
6、the content of their character. I have a dream today!I have a dream that one day, down in Alabama, with its vicious racists, with its governor having his lips dripping with the words of interposition and nullification - one day right there in Alabama little black boys and black girls will be able to
7、 join hands with little white boys and white girls as sisters and brothers.I have a dream today!I have a dream that one day every valley shall be exalted, and every hill and mountain shall be made low, the rough places will be made plain, and the crooked places will be made straight; and the glory o
8、f the Lord shall be revealed and all flesh shall see it together.? This is our hope, and this is the faith that I go back to the South with.With this faith, we will be able to hew out of the mountain of despair a stone of hope. With this faith, we will be able to transform the jangling discords of o
9、ur nation into a beautiful symphony of brotherhood. With this faith, we will be able to work together, to pray together, to struggle together, to go to jail together, to stand up for freedom together, knowing that we will be free one day.,13,And this will be the day - this will be the day when all o
10、f Gods children will be able to sing with new meaning:My country tis of thee, sweet land of liberty, of thee I sing. Land where my fathers died, land of the Pilgrims pride, From every mountainside, let freedom ring! And if America is to be a great nation, this must become true.And so let freedom rin
11、g from the prodigious hilltops of New Hampshire.Let freedom ring from the mighty mountains of New York.Let freedom ring from the heightening Alleghenies of Pennsylvania. Let freedom ring from the snow-capped Rockies of Colorado.Let freedom ring from the curvaceous slopes of California.But not only t
12、hat:Let freedom ring from Stone Mountain of Georgia.Let freedom ring from Lookout Mountain of Tennessee.Let freedom ring from every hill and molehill of Mississippi.From every mountainside, let freedom ring.And when this happens, when we allow freedom ring, when we let it ring from every village and
13、 every hamlet, from every state and every city, we will be able to speed up that day when all of Gods children, black men and white men, Jews and Gentiles, Protestants and Catholics, will be able to join hands and sing in the words of the old Negro spiritual:Free at last! Free at last!Thank God Almi
14、ghty, we are free at last!,14,精彩片段我梦想有一天，这个国家会站立起来，真正实现其信条的真谛：“我们认为真理是不言而喻，人人生而平等。”我梦想有一天，在佐治亚的红山上，昔日奴隶的儿子将能够和昔日奴隶主的儿子坐在一起，共叙兄弟情谊。我梦想有一天，甚至连密西西比州这个正义匿迹，压迫成风，如同沙漠般的地方，也将变成自由和正义的绿洲。我梦想有一天，我的四个孩子将一个不是以他们的肤色，而是以他们的品格优劣来评价他们的国度里生活。今天，我有一个梦想。我梦想有一天，亚拉巴马州能够有所转变，尽管该州州长现在仍然满口异议，反对联邦法令，但有朝一日，那里的黑人男孩和女孩将能与白人男孩
15、和女孩情同骨肉，携手并进。今天，我有一个梦想。 我梦想有一天，幽谷上升，高山下降；坎坷曲折之路成坦途，圣光披露，满照人间。这就是我们的希望。我怀着这种信念回到南方。有了这个信念，我们将能从绝望之岭劈出一块希望之石。有了这个信念，我们将能把这个国家刺耳的争吵声，改变成为一支洋溢手足之情的优美交响曲。有了这个信念，我们将能一起工作，一起祈祷，一起斗争，一起坐牢，一起维护自由；因为我们知道，终有一天，我们是会自由的。在自由到来的那一天，上帝的所有儿女们将以新的含义高唱这支歌：“我的祖国，美丽的自由之乡，我为您歌唱。您是父辈逝去的地方，您是最初移民的骄傲，让自由之声响彻每个山岗。”如果美国要成为一个伟
16、大的国家，这个梦想必须实现！让自由之声从新罕布什尔州的巍峨的崇山峻岭响起来！让自由之声从纽约州的崇山峻岭响起来！让自由之声从宾夕法尼亚州的阿勒格尼山响起来！让自由之声从科罗拉多州冰雪覆盖的落基山响起来！让自由之声从加利福尼亚州蜿蜒的群峰响起来！不仅如此，还要让自由之声从佐治亚州的石岭响起来！让自由之声从田纳西州的了望山响起来！让自由之声从密西西比的每一座丘陵响起来！让自由之声从每一片山坡响起来！当我们让自由之声响起，让自由之声从每一个大小村庄、每一个州和每一个城市响起来时，我们将能够加速这一天的到来，那时，上帝的所有儿女，黑人和白人，犹太教徒和非犹太教徒，耶稣教徒和天主教徒，都将手携手，合唱一
17、首古老的黑人灵歌：“自由啦！自由啦！感谢全能上帝，我们终于自由啦！”,15,HereheraisedpublicconsciousnessofthecivilrightsmovementandestablishedhimselfasoneofthegreatestoratorsinU.S.history.In1964,KingbecametheyoungestpersontoreceivetheNobelPeacePrizeforhiseffortstoendsegregationandracialdiscriminationthroughcivildisobedienceandotherno
18、n-violentmeans.,16,在这里，他引起了公众的民权运动意识，使自己成为了一个在美国历史上最伟大的演说家之一。在1964年，金成为获得诺贝尔和平奖并且为他的努力结束种族隔离和种族歧视，通过非暴力和非暴力手段的最年轻的人。,17,金在孟菲斯，田纳西州于1968年4月4日被暗杀。（他死后于1977获总统吉米卡特总统自由勋章。马丁路德金日是在1986成立于美国一个全国性的节日。 2004，金去世后被授予国会金质奖章。）,KingwasassassinatedonApril4,1968,inMemphis,Tennessee.HewasposthumouslyawardedthePresi
19、dentialMedalofFreedombyPresidentJimmyCarterin1977.MartinLutherKing,Jr.DaywasestablishedasanationalholidayintheUnitedStatesin1986.In2004,KingwasposthumouslyawardedaCongressionalGoldMedal.,18,遇害时，他正准备帮助孟菲斯黑人清洁工人组织罢工。当时他在旅馆阳台上与同伴们谈话，被刺客詹姆斯厄尔雷用枪击中。,马丁路德金在旅馆的阳台上遇害。他的同事们急忙呼救，并一起向打枪的方向指去。,19,孩子们向父亲的遗体告别,19
20、68年3月被种族主义分子枪杀。终年39岁。,20,金的最后一次长征,21,从1968年3月起，美国政府将每年1月的第三个星期一定为马丁路德金全国纪念日。,22,马丁路德金日CommemorationSchool, government and federal agencies on this day is not open. Monday quiet memorial service held a memorial of Dr. Martin Luther King and grand ceremony. Before Sunday, all regions of the priest wil
21、l conduct special sermons, remind everybody cherishes the memory of Dr. Martin Luther King pursue peaceful life. Over the weekend, the well-known the well known radio broadcast about the civil rights movement, songs and speeches. The TV station will broadcast special programs, introduced Dr. Martin
22、Luther King s life.In the Martin Luther King day, also known as ( MLK ), a student will be the school organization to participate in public welfare activities outside school. As to the poor packing food, go to black primary school clean-up etc.纪念活动学校、政府和联邦机构在这一天都不开放。星期一会有安静的追思仪式以及为追悼马丁路德金博士而举行的隆重的纪念
23、仪式。在此之前的星期天，所有地区的牧师都会进行特殊布道，提醒每个人缅怀马丁路德金博士追求和平的一生。整个周末，知名的广播电台会播放一些讲述公民权利运动的歌曲和演说。电视台会播出特别节目，介绍马丁路德金博士的生平。在马丁路德金日，也称（MLK日），放假的学生会被学校组织到校外参加公益活动。比如去为穷人包扎饭菜，去黑人小学做大扫除等等,23,Festive backgroundMartin Luther King was born in 1929 in Atlanta, the United States of america. It is in his appeal, the United St
24、ates Congress forced through the bill of rights in 1964, announced the racial segregation and discrimination policies for the illegal policies, to give blacks equal rights. In 1964, Martin Luther King won the Nobel Peace prize. In 1968 April, he was murdered in Memphis, Tennessee led the workers to
25、strike on the United States, only 39 years old. Since 1986, the United States government in January each year the third week for Martin Luther King National Memorial day.节日背景马丁路德金于1929年生于美国亚特兰大市。正是在他的呼吁下，美国国会在1964年被迫通过民权法案，宣布种族隔离和歧视政策为非法政策，给黑人以平等的权利。1964年，马丁路德金获得诺贝尔和平奖。1968年4月，他在前往美国田纳西州孟菲斯市领导工人罢工途中被谋杀，年仅39岁。从1986年起，美国政府将每年1月的第三个星期一定为马丁路德金全国纪念日。,24,举行游行纪念马丁路德金日,25,26,
