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1、Trends and Needs in Food Diagnostics,Larissa Kahr - BIT, AustriaMalin Brnnback - TEKES, FinlandGabriela von Blankenfeld-Enkvist - TEKES, Finland,Bureau for International Research and Technology Cooperation - Austria,Aim of the Study,Investigate technological trends and needs in Food DiagnosticsUnder
2、stand the factors that shape and influence the development of this field.,Bureau for International Research and Technology Cooperation - Austria,Focus,Background on food safety management toolsDescription of the methods currently used and new methods developedThe market for food diagnostics,Bureau f
3、or International Research and Technology Cooperation - Austria,Definitions,Food Diagnostics applies modern methods developed in human in vitro diagnostic to foodRapid Methods comprises different types of testsMiniaturised biochemical kits Antibody-based testsNucleic acid hybridisation-based tests Ma
4、nual, semi-automated or fully automated,Bureau for International Research and Technology Cooperation - Austria,Detection,Bacteria, viruses, parasites, chemicals, biotoxins, heavy metals and prionsIn all steps of the food chain - from raw materials to end products,Bureau for International Research an
5、d Technology Cooperation - Austria,Food as test matrix,Extremely varied in its chemical compositionContains many different ingredientsMight contain an intrinsic microbial flora,Bureau for International Research and Technology Cooperation - Austria,Frame Food Safety,Process control is more efficient
6、than product control The safety of a product with low defect rates cannot be guaranteed through sampling and testing,The focus is changing from end-product testing to HACCP This has to be considered when developing new methods within the conceptual frame of food safety,Bureau for International Resea
7、rch and Technology Cooperation - Austria,Microbiological methods can be divided into “traditional” or “conventional” methods and rapid methods,Bureau for International Research and Technology Cooperation - Austria,Conventional Methods,Conventional methods rely on culturing microorgansims onto agar p
8、latesLaborious and time-consuming 84% of all tests arebased on counting viable cellsRequired by national and international regulatory agencies for official control,Bureau for International Research and Technology Cooperation - Austria,Rapid Methods,Advantages in analysis time Possibility to eliminat
9、e labour intensive steps Potential for automation However, lengthy incubation procedures are still necessary First one-shift methods under developmentELISA and PCR are dominatingLack of a common validation procedure Mostly not accepted for official control purposes,Bureau for International Research
10、and Technology Cooperation - Austria,Methods,Advances in Viable Cell Count MethodsMiniaturisation and Diagnostic Kits, Biochemical Identification Techniques Antibody-based methodsImmunomagnetic SeparationNucleic acid-based assaysBiosensorsMicroarraysFlow CytometryBacteriophage-Based TechniquesATP bi
11、oluminescenceAdenylate kinase bioluminescenceRiboprinting and Pulse-Field Gel Electrophoresis,Bureau for International Research and Technology Cooperation - Austria,Viable cell counting,Will remain important for the assessment of safety and quality of food productsdevelopment of semi-automated alter
12、native methodsnew methods are based on growth and metabolic activity Microscopic methodsflow cytometry and cell sorting (FACS),Bureau for International Research and Technology Cooperation - Austria,Immunoassays,ELISA (with dipstick technology), ImmunochromatographyFully automated systems already on
13、the marketNew recombinant antibodies and molecular imprinting techniques to improve sensitivity and versatility,Bureau for International Research and Technology Cooperation - Austria,Immunomagnetic Separation,Speed up enrichment stepsNo detection method itselfCombination with different end-detection
14、 methods to improve - Speed and sensitivity - Sample throughput - User friendliness- Automation expected in the next future,Bureau for International Research and Technology Cooperation - Austria,Nucleic acid based assay,Directly or after amplification with PCRDevelopment of homogenous assays and aut
15、omation improves routine use and reduces false positive results after PCRNew assay formats under development,Bureau for International Research and Technology Cooperation - Austria,Biosensors and Microarrays,On-line or on-site, sensitive, low-cost, rapid methods for routine-use Prototypes under devel
16、opment Have high potential for automationSimple and portable equipment can be designed Applications within quality and process control, control of fermentation processes, quality and safety control of raw materials and for HACCP monitoring,Bureau for International Research and Technology Cooperation
17、 - Austria,Hygiene monitoring,Need to develop real time methods to monitor cleaning procedure Methods should be cheap, robustATP bioluminescence, Adenylate kinase, biosensor applications might be further developed,Bureau for International Research and Technology Cooperation - Austria,Methods Impleme
18、ntation,In housealternative methods for viable cell countshygiene monitoringchemical analysis,Outsourcingpathogen testing,Bureau for International Research and Technology Cooperation - Austria,The Market for Food DiagnosticsDefinitions,Food Analysis: all food testingFood Diagnostics: food testing wi
19、th rapid methods Microbiological Testing: all testing for microorganisms Food Microbiological Testing: all testing for microorganisms in food and beverages,Bureau for International Research and Technology Cooperation - Austria,The Market for Food DiagnosticsSome figures,Food analysis global market 1
20、.1 billion Shared by about 50 companiesUSA and Europe make up about 2/3565 million global sales for Food microbiological tests Rapid methods 115 million or a 20% total market share,Bureau for International Research and Technology Cooperation - Austria,Bureau for International Research and Technology
21、 Cooperation - Austria,Bureau for International Research and Technology Cooperation - Austria,Validation,AOAC validation body in the U.S. NordVal and MicroVal are the Nordic and European bodiesProblem: lack of a common validation procedureInhibits establishment of rapid methods,Bureau for Internatio
22、nal Research and Technology Cooperation - Austria,Conclusions,Many new methods and technologies are being developedIncreased sample throughput and efficiency through automation The market for rapid methods is small Penetration of rapid methods has been slowLack of a common validation procedure inhib
23、its acceptance of new methods The incentive to transfer technologies might be too low,Bureau for International Research and Technology Cooperation - Austria,Recommendations,Microarrays and biosensors should be technologically evaluatedNew market opportunities within quality and process control shoul
24、d be explored The development of new methods should always include efforts to implement the new methodThe formation of a private service sector should be encouraged,Bureau for International Research and Technology Cooperation - Austria,Bureau for International Research and Technology Cooperation - Austria,Bureau for International Research and Technology Cooperation - Austria,Food Safety Management Tools,
