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1、如果相邻两词中的前一个词是以辅音结尾，后一个词是以元音开头，这就要将辅音与元音拼起来连读。,连读的条件：相邻的两词在意义上必须密切相关，同属一个意群。,1.“辅音+元音”,giveup takeout turnoff Takeiteasy. Bearsare fuzzy.Catseat fish bones.Joe boughta book.ImanEnglish boy. Itisanold book. Let me havea lookatit. Ms Black worked inanoffice yesterday. I calledyou halfanhourago. Putiton
2、, please.Notatall. Please pickitup. Id likeanother bowlof rice.,以辅音结尾的单词 + h开头的单词h不发音，与前面的辅音连读Tellher I missher.What wil(l he) wilido?Ha(s he) zi doneit before?Mus(t he) ti go?Can he ni do it?Should he di .?Tell him to ask her.Lea(ve him) vim.,“r/re+元音”，如果前一个词是以-r或者-re结尾，后一个词是以元音开头，这时的r或re不但要发/r/，而且
3、还要与后面的元音拼起来连读。 for evermore over Remember it after all a matter of fact a pair of shoes answer it a pair of socksafter allon your ownfather and son Cheer up!as far asI do it forhim.,Theyre my fatherand mother. I looked forit hereand there. Thereis a football underit. Thereare some books on the desk.
4、 Hereis a letter for you. Hereare foureggs. But whereis my cup? Whereare your brotherand sister?The beeris good!The authoris my brother.Please wait for me fora moment.,但是，如果一个音节的前后都有字母r，即使后面的词以元音开头，也不能连读。 The black clouds are coming nearer and nearer.（nearer与and不可连读）,2.“辅音+半元音”i. 英语语音中的/j/和/w/是半元音，如
5、果前一个词是以辅音结尾，后一个词是以半元音，特别是/j/开头，此时也要连读。 Thankyou. ii. 音的同化也是一种连读的现象，两个词之间非常平滑的过渡，导致一个音受临音影响而变化。 t d s z+ j 要发生音变：,辅音t与j相邻时，被同化为t：t + j t Nice to meetyou. Cantyou do it?Ill letyou know.Is thatyour car?No, notyet.,辅音d与j相邻时，被同化为d：d + j dDidyou get there lateagain? Wouldyou likea cupof tea？ Couldyou help
6、 me, please?,辅音s与j相邻时, 被同化为：s + j God blessyou.Canyou dressyourself?I missyou.,辅音z与j相邻时, 被同化为：z + j How wasyour vacation?He saysyoure good.,3.“元音+元音”如果前一个词以元音结尾，后一个词以元音开头，这两个音往往也要自然而不间断地连读到一起。 DoI?Youre ju sohonest.Iam Chinese. Heis very friendly to me. She wants to studyEnglish. Howand why did you
7、come here? She cant carryit. Itll take you threehours to walk there. The question is tooeasy for him to answer.,4. 辅音+辅音爆破音/p/，/b/，/t/，/d/，/k/，/g/ 和摩擦音/f/，/v/，/W/,其中任意2个相临时，前一个音会轻音化，即由相关的发音器官做好这个发音的姿势，稍做停顿后即发后面的音。 如果这些音在词尾，也要轻音化。Si(t) downcontac(t) lensDa(d) told) mehu(ge) changegoo(d) nightThe girl
8、 in the re(d) coat was on a bla(ck) bike jus(t) now. The bi(g) bus from the fa(c)tory is full of people. Wha(t) time does he get up every morning? This is an ol(d) pi(c)ture of a bi(g) car. The ol(d) do(c)tor has a ca(t), too.,Were going to work on a farm nex(t) Tuesday. What would you like, ho(t) t
9、ea or bla(ck) coffee?Its a very col(d) day, but its a goo(d) day. You can put i(t) down in the bi(g) garden. I bought a chea(p) book, but its a goo(d) book. I wen(t) there alone a(t) nine las(t) night. -Do you know his bi(ke) number? -Sorry, I don(t) know. The forty-firs(t) lesson is qui(te) difficu
10、lt. He needs a lot o(f) money.,如果前词尾辅音与后词尾辅音相同，前辅音省略。I was so happy.I have got to go.I have gotta go.(to轻音化为ta)Doyou want to dance? do you wanna dance? (to轻音化为na),当短语或从句之间按意群进行停顿时，意群与意群之间即使有两个相邻的辅音与元音出现，也不可连读。 Isit ahat or a cat?（hat与or之间不可以连读） Thereisa good book in my desk. （book与in之间不可以连读） Can you
11、 speakEnglish or French? （English与or之间不可以连读）Shall we meet ateight or ten tomorrow morning? （meet与 at，eight与or之间不可以连读） She opened the door and walkedin. （door与and之间不可以连读）,不可连读的情况：,I、浊化i. S 后面的清辅音要浊化discussion： k 浊化成 gstand： t 浊化成dii. 美音中：t 在单词的中间被浊化成d如：writer， 听起来和 rider 的发音几乎没有区别letterladderout of,补
12、充：,Phonetics,II. 弱读弱读的规则一般是：元音音节弱化成 或比如说如下几个单词：at, of, the, to, as, than, and, or, his, a, an, but, been, for, her, we, be, shall, was, them,弱读的频率达到90，其中a, an, the, than极少用强式。 查字典会发现这些词都至少有两种读音，如for: 重读时f: , 弱读时 fI have been waiting for you for a long time.He is in the room.He has done it well.I hav
13、e seen it.,III. 意群一个句子可以按照意义和语法结构分成几个部分，每一个部分可称为一个意群。意群通常是一个词组或短语，当然也可以是一个词或是一个句子。停顿的单位就是意群和气群，所以停顿只能落在意群结束处，不能落在一个意群的中间（各种语流音变现象，例如同化、省音、连读以及不完全爆破等，一般只发生在意群内部）。意群的划分正确划分意群是准确表达的关键。意群是根据语义、语法和语调这三个因素来划分的。从语义、语法上讲，意群必须是能够表达某种意思的一个词、一个短语、一个从句、一个分句或一个独立的句子；从语调上讲，意群必须是可以用降调、升调和平调来朗读的一个语调单位。意群与意群通常用符号“”分
14、割。,1 依据语义来划分意群 Im busy. （一个句子即一个意群） She told meshe has changed her job.（两个意群） Yesterdayhe went to New Yorkby air.（三个意群） Before 1992, I used to live in Australiaand worked as a doctor. （三个意群）,2 划分意群的主要依据是句中词与词的语法关系 偏正词组：an apple, pretty girl, railway station, study hard 短语：in front of the building, t
15、o see a doctor, sleeping car long ago各种简短的主谓句：He looks pale. Weve given up. He gave me a novel. I heard you singing. 各种简短的从句： How the prisoner escaped is a completely mystery.(主语从句) The fact is that nobody take it seriously.（表语从句） He asked me where he can find her.（宾语从句） This is the room where Jordo
16、n had ever lived.（定语从句） Its not easy as you think.（状语从句）,如果句子很长，上述各种结构还可以按一定的规则划分成若干意群。 What can be done in order to make sure that no one in the world goes hungry? Unless I visit every bookstore in town, I shall not know whether I can get what I want. We have two ears and only one tongue in order t
17、hat we may hear more and speak less. There is a great deal difference between the eager man who wants to read a book, and the tired man who wants a book to read.,此外，意群的划分还同语速有关。同一个句子，语速快时划分出来的意群可以少些；语速慢时划分出来的意群可以多些。Diligence is the mother of good fortune, and idleness never brought a man to the goal of any of his best wishes.Diligence is the mother of good fortune, and idleness never brought a man to the goal of any of his best wishes.,
