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1、谓语动词的时态 Verb Tenses,一般现在时(The Simple Present Tense)一般过去式(The Simple Past Tense)一般将来时(The Simple Future Tense),1,一般现在时(The Simple Present Tense),一般现在时表示主语的状态，特征，经常或反复发生的动作，或表示真理。如： He is fourteen. He is at school. 他14岁了，在上学。 Do you go to school at 7:00 every day? 他每天7点钟去上学吗？She doesnt like apples. 她不
2、喜欢苹果The earth moves round the sun.地球绕着太阳运行。,2,谓语动词形式,谓语动词用原形；当主语是第三人称单数时，动词原形词尾有加-s的变化。 规则动词在词尾加-s。在清辅音后读/ s /, 在浊辅音及元音后面读/ z /. 在t后面读/ ts /, 在d后面读/ dz /. helphelps swimswims knowknows getgets riderides,3,以字母s,x,ch,sh结尾的动词加-es，动词原形已有e。只加s，读/iz/;以o结尾的的动词加es，读/z/,GuessguessesFixfixesteachteachesWashwa
3、shesCloseclosesgogoes,4,辅音字母加y结尾的动词，先变y为i，再加-es，读/z/.,flyfliescarrycarriesstudystudies* 动词be的一般现在时是am，is，are；动词have的第三人称单数形式是has。,5,一般现在时口诀,动词一般现在时，表示经常发生（的）事。三单人称作主语，动词后加-s或-es。主语之后是谓语，肯定陈述的语序，一般疑问do当先，否定谓语前dont添。,6,动词加-s或-es方法口诀,动词三单现在式，一般词尾加-s。s, x, ch, sh在结尾，直接加上-es。词尾若是字母o，加上-es不用愁。“辅音字母+y”来结尾，
4、变y为i是正规，-es后边紧跟随，study-studies看明白。,7,Exercise,His sister _ kind of her neighbors. A. am B. are C. is D. be2. Is your father a doctor? -Yes, he is. He _ in town hospital. A. has worked B. had worked C. works D. worked3. If we _ the smaller computer, well change it in a few years time. A. will buy B.
5、buying C. buy D. may buy,8,4.Mary _ breakfast now. She often _ breakfast at 7:30. A. is having, have B. is having, has c. has, has,写下下列动词的单数第三人称come_ say_ buy_ go_ Make_ cost_ pass_ guess_carry_ rush_ catch _ stop_,Comes says buys goes makes costs passes guesses carries rushes stops,9,一般过去时,一般过去时表示过
6、去某个时间发生的动作和存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday，last night，in 1989， two days ago等。 My teacher wasnt at home last Saturday. She was in the library. 我的老师上周六不在家，她在图书馆。 He got up at 6 this morning. 他今天早晨六点起床。 -Did you go to the supermarket yesterday? -Yes, I did. / No, I didnt. 你昨天去超市了吗？是的，我去了。/ 不，我没去。,10,一般过
7、去时要用动词的过去式，规则动词的词尾加-ed，不规则的要逐个记忆。,1. 一般在动词原形末尾加-ed，-ed的读音有三种： 原词尾音为辅音，-ed读作/t/. work /w3: k/ worked /w3: kt/ 原词尾音为浊辅音或是元音，-ed读/d/ turn /t3:n/ turned /t3:nd/ play /pleI/ played /pleId/ 原词尾音为/t/肯/d/, -ed 读作/id/ want /wDnt/ wanted / wDntId / need / ni:d/ needed /ni:dId/,11,2. 结尾是e的动词加-d,useused liveliv
8、ed Hopehoped 3、重读闭音节词，单辅音字母结尾胡动词，结尾的辅音字母双写后加-ed stopstopped planplanned triptripped traveltravelled,12,4. 结尾是“辅音字母+ y”的动词，先变y 为i，再加-ed, 读/d/.,studystudiedcarrycarriedworryworried常见的不规则动词的过去式变化表: am/iswas arewere gowent havehad dodid getgot comecame saysaid seesaw putput eatate taketookswimswam,13,Ex
9、ercise,1. Some boys _(swim) in the lake yesterday.2. He _ (get up) at 6 this morning.3. A month ago, I _ (come) to our school.,14,一般将来时,一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态,常与表示将来胡时间状语连用,如: tomorrow, next week, next Sunday等. I shall go to Dalian next week. 我下周要去大连开会。 We shall have a class meeting tomorrow. 我们明
10、天开班会。,15,一般将来时的构成, 一般将来时由“助动词 shall/will + 动词原形”构成。主语是第一人称（I 和 we）时，常用助动词shall，也可用will。其他人称用will。 We shall have a football match next week. 我们下周有足球赛。 He wont come back until 5:30. 他5点半才会回来。 Shall I open the window? 要我打开窗户吗？,16, 用“be going to + 动词圆形” 表示将要发生的事或打算，计划，决定要做的事,What are you going to do nex
11、t Saturday? 你下周六干什么？We are going to meet at the school gate. 我们将在校门口见面。Hes not going to have any classes next week. 他下周没课。,17,shall/will 和 be going to 结构的区别,二者均可用来表示将来的意图，但是“be going to” 结构语义稍强些。 I am going to /will climb that mountain one day. 我准备/想将来某一天去爬那座山。对于事先经过考虑胡打算，计划，意图，应使用be going to，而不用wil
12、l/shall结构。 -why are you taking down all the pictures? -I am going to repaint the wall. 你为何取下所有画？伙打算再粉刷一下墙体。（粉刷墙体是取下画之前就已经考虑好的打算）,18, 对于事先未经考虑的打算，计划，而是临时起意，则用will/shall结构而不用be going to结构。,-Where is the telephone book?-Ill go and get it for you.电话号码薄在哪?我去拿给你。（这种用法常用于会话时，乙听了甲的画之后做出的反应。）,19,在表示即将发生某事时，两
13、者区别意义不大，多可互换。,-what is going to happen? 就要发生什么事？-what will happen？将要发生什么事？(一般来说，Be going to 表示较近的将来，而will则表示较远胡将来。 ) It is going to rain tonight.There will be a heavy snow in a few days.今晚要下雨几天后将会有一场大雪,20, 在含有条件（时间）状语从句的复合句中，主语一般一般使用will/shall结构表示将来，而不用be going to,If it rains tomorrow, well stay at
14、home.明天如果下雨，我们将呆在家里。（在条件（时间）状语从句中，不能使用will/shall结构表示将来，但可以用be going to结构）If you are going to play football this afternoon, youd better wear your sport shoes.,21, 表示不受主观意愿影响胡单纯将来，一般只能用will结构,明天是教师节Tomorrow will be Teachers Day. 在正式的通知（如新闻媒体公布的消息，气象预报等），多用will。 淮河以北有大风There will be a strong wind to th
15、e north of Huai River.,22,Exercise,1. It _ be Wednesday tomorrow.2. She has bought some cloth; she _ make herself a dress.3. I _ never do that again.4. All the students _ trees next week. A. are planting B. planted C. plant D. will plant5. There _ a League meeting the day after tomorrow. A. dont B. will have C. be D. have,23,
