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1、英国概况,Chapter 1 General Introduction to Physiographical Features of the UK,The Locations of the UK The Physiographical Features of the UK Rivers and Mountains Climate and weatherPopulationThe Major CitiesExercises and Answers,Focus questions,What is the full name of the British state? What countries
2、does it consist of?What is the total population of the United Kingdom? Where do most British people live? What is the most densely populated area of Britain? What is the least populated?What are the major cities in Britain?,Three terms,British IslesBritain Great Britain,Two large islands several sma
3、ll ones,The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.,England, WalesScotland,The complicated full name of the UK,The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandFour parts:EnglandScotlandWalesNorthern Ireland,Union Jack,Themap of theUK,The location of the UK,Britain is situated i
4、n western Europe and is separated from the European continent by the North Sea, the Strait of Dover and the English Channel. It is an insular country. Its coastline runs 12,429 km, It is one of the countries with longest coastline.To the west of it lies the Atlantic Ocean, across and beyond it is Am
5、erica.,The Physiographical Features of the UK,Varied landscapeFlatlands in EnglandMountains in Scoltland and Wales,England,England,A flatland country, also called Lowland zonePennines: the backbone of EnglandLake districtHighly urbanized -80% of population living in cities -only 2% working in agricu
6、lturePhysically largest with largest populationDominance in: size/ culture/ economy -take England for UK,Lake District,a scenic spotin North West EnglandA popular holiday destinationbeing famous for its lakes and its mountains its associations with the early 19th century poetry and writings of Willi
7、am Wordsworth and other poets.,William Wordsworth,a romantic poetappointed poet laureate in 1843Living in the Lake district after 1797,（17701850）,Scotland,Scotland,A mountainous countrythree natural zones: The Highlands in the north the central Lowlands the southern Uplands Ben Nevis: the highest mo
8、untain in the UKA country of castles,The highlands in Scotland：sparsely populated, with many mountain ranges dominating the region, and including the highest mountain in the British Isles, Ben NevisThe film: Brave Heart,16,Ben Nevis,(1 343 meters high),17,Airth castle,A 14th century castle , a spa a
9、nd a Scottish castle accommodation , one of the most popular places for Scottish castle weddings.,18,Stirling castle,about 30 miles from Glasgow and 40 miles from Edinburgh A long history,an important fortification and the site of many sieges and battles, standing out for its imposing location and s
10、toried history,Wales,Wales,a mountainous country in the west of Great Britain. takeing up less than 9% of the whole island.,Northern Ireland,Smallest among the four nations in BritainMostly rural, low hills, beautiful lake in the south- west, rugged coastline,22,Giants causeway (巨人之路) (1),The 8th Na
11、tural Wonder of the World (suburb of Belfast)，Sixty million years ago,Giants Causeway（2） - a stretch of basaltic rock pillars weathered to different heights and presenting a stepped surface on the north coast of Northern Ireland. 37,000columns formed by cooling lava. - legend: Finn MaCool built it t
12、o cross the sea to Scotland,24,Giants causeway（3）,Prodigious skills (鬼斧神工) of Nature:,Climate and Weather,A maritime type of climate: rainy, changeable and unpredictable rarely rising above 32 in summer or falls below 10 in winter. mild winters and cool summers,Population,The total population: about
13、 62 000 000 (2009)Highly urbanized: 80% living in cities and 20% living in the courysideThe most densely populated area: EnglandThe least populated area: Northern Ireland A multiracial society which produces a population of which 1 in 20 are of non -European ethnicity.The official language: English,
14、Mountains and Rivers,Pennines: Chief mountain ranges: the Cambrians the GrampiainsThe Grampians: the largest mountian range in the UK,Ben Nevis: the highest mountain in the UK,The longest river in England: River Severn（220miles，354km),NEW SEVERN BRIDGE: the longest bridge in the UK,connecting Wales
15、and England,An important river in Britain: River Thames,the second longest river in the United Kingdom and the longest river entirely in Englandbest kown for flowing through central Londonits strategic position at the centre of many events in British history a major leisure area supporting tourism a
16、nd pleasure outings as well as the sports of rowing, sailing.a special appeal to writers, artists, musicians and film-makers and is well represented in the arts many riverside attractions: London Eye,tower of London, House of Parliament, etc.,31,32,33,Description of River Thames by T.S.Eliot(1888-19
17、65),Sweet Thames run softly, till I end my song. The river bears no empty bottles, sandwich papers, Silk handkerchiefs, cardboard boxes cigarette ends Or other testimony of summer nights. andThe river sweats Oil and tar The barges drift With the turning tide Red sails Wide To leeward, swing on the h
18、eavy spar, The barges wash Drifting logs Down Greenwich reach Past the Isle of Dogs,Major cities,London LiverpoolCardiffBelfast,London,-seat of government -center of culture -business center - industrial center -largest population -home to all media -galleries, theatres, museums -combining functions
19、 of New York, Washington & Los Angeles -One of the four leaing cities in the world: New York,Paris, Tokyo,London,The capital, the largest port and the largest city in BritainThe City of London +Inner London + Outer London= Greater LondonThe commercial center: the West EndThe political center: the Ci
20、ty of Webminster (Downing street, Buckingham Palace)The cultural center: London University (the biggest)The center of Labor Movement (Chartism)宪章运动The Olympics games to be held here in 2012,The London Eye,a height of 135metres (443ft), the largest Ferris wheel in Europethe most popular paid tourist
21、attraction in the United Kingdom,Big Benthe largest four- faced chiming clock,the third-tallest free-standing clock tower in the world,Its celebration of its 150th anniversary in May 2009,Tower Bridge,an iconic symbol of London Carries motor vehicles, cyclists, pedestriansCrosses ThamesTotal length
22、244metres (801ft)Opened 30 June 1894,Westminister Abbey,a large, mainly Gothic church, in Westminster, Londonthe traditional place of coronation and burial site for monarchs of Commonwealth Realms,Trafalgar square,a square in central Londona tourist attraction,Waterloo bridge,Tube/subway,43,Waterloo
23、 Bridge,44,Waterloo Bridge,Starring: Vivien Leigh, Robert TaylorDirected by Mervyn LeRoy. Produced by Sidney FranklinSynopsisBased on the play by Pulitzer Prize-winning playwright Robert E. Sherwood, WATERLOO BRIDGE stars Vivien Leigh as Myra, a shy ballerina whose life is irrevocably altered in war
24、-torn London. Its love at first sight when Myra meets handsome, aristocratic British officer Roy Cronin (Robert Taylor) in the midst of an air raid. The couple soon plans to wed, but Cronin is called to the front, and shortly thereafter a newspaper reports his death. Forced out of ballet school, alo
25、ne and destitute, Myra turns to prostitution. When she discovers that the newspaper report was inaccurate, Myra is unable to tell Cronin about her professional life, and tragedy ensues.This 10-handkerchief weeper was directed by Mervyn LeRoy. Joseph Ruttenbergs photography is beautiful, as is the in
26、spired soundtrack by Herbert Stothart (THE WIZARD OF OZ), but what makes WATERLOO BRIDGE is Leighs stunning performance and the very real chemistry between her and Robert Taylor.,ST Pauls Cathedral,an Anglican cathedral the seat of the Bishop of London one of Londons most famous and most recognisabl
27、e sights,Edinburgh,the capital city of Scotlandeconomic center of Scotlanda tourist city second only to London in U.K. a cultural city，holding an international festival of music and the arts every year,The new city of Edinburgh,48,Ediburgh castle,The symbol of Ediburghsituated on a mound of volcanic
28、 rock one of Scotlands oldest castles, unequalled in the whole of the British Isles a remarkable fortress, the historical interest of and former royal residence,visited annually by approximately one million people No visit to Edinburgh is complete without a visit to Edinburgh Castle,Castles in Edibu
29、rgh,Liverpool,The second largest port of EnglandA metropolitan city,Cardiff,The capital city of Wales A port,Belfast,The capital of Northern IrelandAn indudtrial seaport,the wheel of Belfast,Belfast city hall,Exercises,The full name of the United Kingdom is _ and _.The island of Great Britain is mad
30、e up of _, _ and _.The United Kingdom has been a member of _ since 1973.Britain is now a _ society which produces a population of which 1 in 20 are of _ ethnicity.London plays a significant role in _ economic and cultural life. Its not only the financial _ of the nation, but also one of the _ major international financial centers _.The highest mountain in Britain is_flows throuth central London and it is a very important river._is the capital of Scotland.,
