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1、名词复数规则,1一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es， 如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches3以“辅音字母 y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es， 如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries,4以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es， 如：knife-knives leafleaves5不规则名词复数： man-men, woman-women, child-chil
2、dren； foot-feet；tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, sheep-sheep deer-deer 中日不变，英法变 Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese Englishman-Englishmen, Frenchman-Frenchmen,写出下列各词的复数 I _ him _ this _ her _watch _ child _ photo _day_ foot_ book_ dress _tooth_ sheep _ box_ tea_ strawberry _diary _ rice_thief _
3、you _peach _man_ woman_ paper_ juice_milk_ sandwich _water_,we,them,these,them,watches,children,photos,days,feet,books,dresses,teeth,sheep,boxes,diaries,strawberries,thieves,you,peaches,men,women,sandwiches,一 般 现 在 时,一般现在时的功能:1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。 如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。 如：I get up at si
4、x every day.我天天六点起床。3.表示客观现实。 如：The earth goes around the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。,一般现在时的构成:be动词：主语 + be (am, is, are) +其它。 如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。2.行为动词：主语 + 行为动词 + 其它。 如：We study English.我们学习英语。 当主语为第三人称单数(he, she, it)时，要 在动词后加“-s”或“-es” 如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。,一般现在时的变化 1. be 动词的变化： 否定句：主语 + be not +其它。 如：
5、He is not a worker.他不是工人。 一般疑问句：Be + 主语 + 其它? 如：- Are you a student? - Yes. I am. / No, Im not. 一般疑问句必须用yes/no 回答，答句的 主语必须是代词。 特殊疑问句：疑问词 + 一般疑问句? 如：- Where is my bike? - Its there, under the tree.,2.行为动词的变化： 否定句：主语 + dont (doesnt) +动词原形 +其它。 如：I dont like bread. 当主语为第三人称单数，用doesnt构成否定句 如： He doesnt
6、often play. 一般疑问句：Do (Does) +主语 + 动词原形 + 其它？ 如：- Do you often play football? - Yes, I do. / No, I dont. 当主语为第三人称单数，要用does构成一般疑问句 如：- Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt. 特殊疑问句：疑问词 + 一般疑问句？ 如：- How do you go to school? - I go to school on foot.,动词 单数第三人称（简称：单三）的变化规则: 1一般情况下
7、，直接加 s 如：cook-cooks, milk-milks 2以s, x, sh, ch, o结尾，加 es 如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes 3以“辅音字母 y”结尾，变y为i, 再加 es 如：study-studies,一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数 drink _ go _ stay _ make _look _ have_ pass_ carry _二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1. He often _(have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy _(be) in C
8、lass One.3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. _ they _(like) the World Cup?6. _ your parents _(read) newspapers every day?7. The girl _(teach) us English on Sundays.8. She and I _(take) a walk together every evening.,drinks,goes,stays,makes,looks,has,passes,carri
9、es,has,are,dont watch,doesnt go,Do,like,Do,read,teaches,take,三、按照要求改写句子Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句)_I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)_She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答)_ _4. We go to school every morning.(改为否定句)_,Daniel doesnt watch TV every evening.,Do you do your homework every day
10、?,No, I dont.,Does she like milk?,Yes, she does.,We dont go to school every morning.,五、改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)1. Isyour brother speak English? _2. Does he likes going fishing? _3. He likes play games after class. _4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. _5. She dont do her homework on Sundays. _,Does,_,_,like,pl
11、aying / to play,_,teaches,_,doesnt,_,现在进行时,1、现在进行时用法: 现在正在进行或发生的动作， 当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。2、现在进行时的肯定句：be +V-ing.3、现在进行时的否定句：be + not。4、现在进行时的一般疑问句：be 句首。5、现在进行时的特殊疑问句： 疑问词+be动词+主语+doing+其它？ 疑问词当主语时其结构为： 疑问词+be动词+doing+其它?,动词+ing的变化规则:1一般情况下，直接 加 ing， 如：cook - cooking2以不发音的e结尾，去 e 加 ing， 如：make - mak
12、ing, taste - tasting3假如末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母， 双写末尾的辅音字母，再加 ing 如：run - running, stop - stopping,现在进行时专项练习：一、写出下列动词的现在分词：run _ swim _ make_ begin_ go _ like _ write _ shop _ have_ sing_ dance _ put _ see _ love _ live _ take _ come _get _ stop _ sit _ smoke_,running,swimming,making,beginning,going,liking,
13、writing,shopping,having,singing,dancing,putting,seeing,loving,living,taking,coming,getting,stopping,sitting,smoking,二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：1.The boy _( draw) a picture now. 2. Listen .Some girls _(sing) in the classroom . 3. My mother _(cook)some nice foodnow.4. What _ you _ ( do ) now?5. Look . They _ (ha
14、ve) an English lesson .,is drawing,are singing,is cooking,are,doing,are having,三、句型转换：They are doing housework . (分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)_2The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)_,Are they doing housework?,They arent doing housework.,Are the students cleaning the classroom?,Yes, they are
15、.,No, they arent.,一 般 将 来 时,一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及 打算、计划或预备做某事。 句中一般有以下时间状语： tomorrow, next day (week, month, year),soon, the day after tomorrow 等。 二、基本结构：be going to do； will be / do.,三、否定句：be going to do be not going to dowill be / do wont be / do例如：Im going to have a picnic this afternoon. Im not
16、going to have a picnic this afternoon. I will go to Beijing next month. I wont go to Beijing next month.四、一般疑问句： be或will提到句首;如果有some，改为any; 如果有 and，改为or；第一二人称互换。例如：We are going to go on an outing this weekend. Are you going to go on an outing this weekend.,五、对划线部分提问。 一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况:1、问人。(Who)
17、 例如：Im going to New York soon. Whos going to New York soon.2、问干什么。(What do)例如： My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon. What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.3、问什么时候。(When)例如：Shes going to go to bed at nine. When is she going to bed?,练习：填空。1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。 I_ _ _ ha
18、ve a picnic with my friends. I _ have a picnic with my friends.2.下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。 What _ _ _ _ _next Monday? I _ _ _ play basketball.(同义句)3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。 _ your mother _ _ go shopping this _? Yes, she _. She _ _ _ buy some fruit.4. 你们打算什么时候见面? What time _ you _ _ meet?,am,going,to,wil
19、l,are,you,going,to,do,am,going,to,Is,going,to,weekend,is,is,going,to,are,going,to,一般过去时,1功能： 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态， 常和表示过去的时间状语连用。表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。2谓语动词是be动词时，be的变化： am 和is在一般过去时中变为 was。（was not=wasnt） are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=werent）3谓语动词是其他实意动词时，动词变过去式，否定和 疑问借用助动词did如：I went to school at 8 oclock ye
20、sterday. Jim didnt go home yesterday. Did Jim go home yesterday.,动词过去式变化规则：1一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：work-worked , 2结尾是e加d，如：live-lived 3重读的“辅元辅”结构（末尾只有一个元音 字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节），双写 末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed 如：stop-stopped， begin - beginning /bgn/4以“辅音字母 y”结尾的，变y为i， 再加-ed， 如：study-studied,5不规则动词过去式： am/is-was, eat-ate are-were
21、, take-took, do-did, run-ran, see-saw, sing-sang, say-said, put-put, give-gave, make-made, get-got, read-read, go-went, write-wrote, come-came, draw-drew, have-had, drink-drank, swim-swam, sit-sat,一、用动词的适当形式填空1. It _ (be) Bens birthday last Friday.2. We all _ (have) a good time last night.3. He _ (j
22、ump) high on last Sports Day. 4. Helen _ (milk) a cow on Friday.5. She likes _ newspapers, but she _a book yesterday. (read)6. _ they _ (sweep) the floor on Sunday? No, they _.7. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Monday.,was,had,jumped,milked,reading,read,Did,sweep,didnt,watched,形容词和副词,形容词： 是修饰名词（人或事物），表示名词的
23、性质、 特征或属性一种词类。它在句中作定语、表语和宾语补足语。,形容词和副词的概念,副词：是用来修饰动词、形容词及其他副词的词。副词在句中多作状语。,形容词和副词的用法,形容词作定语一般放在被修饰 的名词之前。 如: a new book, two big trees 等。,形容词作表语放在系动词be 、look、 get、 keep、turn、feel、become、seem、 grow、 smell等之后。如:1. I am short. 2. She looks fine. 3. They turn green.,如果形容词修饰不定代词something, anything, every
24、thing, nothing等时，要放在不定代词后面。如: something interesting， nothing new,副词放在所修饰的be动词之后、行为动词之前； 形容词和副 词之前。如: 1.She works hard . （修饰动词） 2.I am very busy. （修饰形容词） 3.He runs too quickly. （修饰副词） 4.We play happily. （修饰动词）,通常在形容词后加-ly变成副词。,slow _ real _usual _ careful_easy _ happy _heavy _ angry _,slowly,usually,
25、easily,heavily,really,carefully,happily,angrily,形容词和副词的级,一、形容词的比较级和最高级,形容词和副词有三个等级： 原级、比较级、最高级1.原级：即形容词和副词的原形。 small, good, pretty, big, many hard, happily, slowly, quickly,2.比较级：两个人或物之间的比较表示“较”或“更一些”标志词：than (比) 构成：A.单音节词通常是-er结尾； B.多音节或部分双音节词通常在之前 加more.The watermelon is bigger than the apple. 西瓜比
26、苹果大。,3.最高级：三个或三个以上的人或物之间 的比较。表示“最”的意思。单音节词通常是-est结尾；多音节或部分双音节 词通常在之前加most. Beijing is one of the most beautiful cities in the world.北京是世界上最美丽的城市之一。,二、不规则变化：,三、翻译句子：1、谁比Jim年纪大？是你。 _ is _than Jim？_ are.2.我喜欢游泳。我所有的朋友都游得比我慢。 I like _.All my_ _than me. 3.谁的铅笔更长，他的还是她的？我想是她的。 _pencil is _,_or _？ _is, I t
27、hink.4.我母亲比我父亲年纪小。 My_ _ _than my _. 5.多做运动，你会更强壮。 _ more exercise, youll _soon.,There be 句型与have, has的区别,1、There be 句型表示：在某地有某人/物2、在there be 句型中，主语是单数，be 动词用is ; 主语 是复数，be 动词用are ; 如有几件物品，be 动词根据 最近be 动词的那个名词决定(就近原则)。3、there be 句型的否定句在be 动词后加not , 一般疑问 句把be 动词调到句首。,There be- 的构成,There be + 某物 / 某人
28、+ 某地 表示：某地有某物或某人,1: There is a girl and two boys in the picture.2: There are two boys and a girl in the picture.,就近原则 be动词单复数形式要跟there be之后的第一个主语保持一致，如果第一个主语是单数或不可数名词用is，如果第一个主语是复数用are。,there 是个近视眼。,tree,cat,There is a cat under the tree.,There are three birds in the tree.,bird,请使用There be- 描述下图,The
29、re is a radio on the desk.,There be- 的一般疑问句,Is there a radio on the desk ? Yes, there is. / No, there isnt.,There are some shoes under the bed.,Are there any shoes under the bed? Yes, there are. / No, there arent.,规则： is/are要提前, some 变any,其他都不变,There be 句型的否定形式,1. There is a knife in the kitchen.否定:
30、There is not a knife in the kitchen.2. There are five apples on the tree.否定:There are not five apples on the tree.3. There is some ink in the bottle.否定:There is not any ink in the bottle. 规则：be词后面加not, some 变any,isnt,arent,1.There_many monkeys in the mountain.2.There_a beautiful garden in our school
31、.3.There _some water in the glass.4.There _some bread on the table.5. _there any maps on the wall?6. There _twenty desks in our classroom.7. There_a bird in the tree.8. There _some trees near the house. 9. _there a cup of tea on the table?10.There _a picture and two maps on the wall.,用be动词is / are 填
32、空：,are,is,is,Are,is,is,are,are,is,Is,二. 把下例句子改成疑问句: 1. There are four apples on the ground. 一般疑问句:_2. There are some birds in the tree. 一般疑问句:_3.There are five birds in the tree. 特殊疑问句:_,Are there four apples on the ground?,Are there any birds in the tree?,How many birds are there in the tree?,人称代词和
33、物主代词,主格 宾格 形容词性 名词性 I me my mine you you your yours he him his his she her her hers it it its its we us our ours they them their theirs,用所给词的适当形式填空。1.That is not _kite. That kite is very small, but _is very big.( I )2.The dress is _. Give it to _( she ). 3._is my brother. _ name is Jack. Look! Those
34、 stamps are_ ( he ).4.I can find my toy, but wheres _? ( you )5.Show _ your kite, OK? (they),用am，is，are填空。1. That _ my red skirt. 2. Who _ I? 3.The jeans _ on the desk. 4. The black gloves _for Su Yang. 5. This pair of gloves _ for Yang Ling. 6. The two cups of milk _ for me. 7. Some tea _ in the glass.,
