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1、Book 1,Grammar,New Times College English,Unit 2,形容词和副词的比较级和最高级,形容词比较级和最高级的形式,形容词和副词的比较级和最高级,副词比较级和最高级的形式,形容词与副词比较级和最高级的基本用法,Exercises,形容词比较级和最高级的构成,1. 形容词比较级和最高级的构成2. 不规则形容词比较级和最高级形式,形容词和副词比较级和最高级的基本用法,1. 比较级 2. 最高级,形容词比较级和最高级的构成,不规则形容词比较级和最高级形式,副词比较级和最高级的变化形式与形容词基本上一样。 1. 一般副词 hard harder hardest f
2、ast faster fastest late later latest early earlier earliest 2. 特殊副词 well better best much more most badly worse worst little less least 3. 开放类副词 开放类副词即以后缀-ly结尾的副词不能像形容词那样加-er或-est，而应在副词原形前加more或most。如： quickly more quickly most quickly quietly more quietly most quietly,副词比较级和最高级的形式,形容词和副词比较级和最高级的基本用
3、法比较级,1. 比较级 1）比较级通常由“形容词（副词）比较级+ than” 构成，表示在两者中间一方比另一方“更加”。连词than后可接句子，也可接名词、代词、名词短语、介词短语、动词、动词不定式、-ing结构和-ed结构，有时也可省去than。如： Mary is happier than Jane. 玛丽比珍妮幸福。 （形容词和系动词用） He lives more happily than I. 他过得比我幸福。 （副词修饰行为词） 2）注意than前后两项相比较的人或事物要一致。如： The purpose of the research had a more important m
4、eaning for them than it did for us. Sound travels faster through water than through air.,形容词和副词比较级和最高级的基本用法比较级,3）比较级前还可用much, even, still, a little等词语来修饰，表示“得多”，“甚至”，“更”，“一些”等意思。如： Japan is a little larger than Germany. 日本比德国大一点儿。 Air in the country is much cleaner than that in the city. 乡下的空气比城里干净的
5、多。4）“the + 比较级，the+比较级”结构，意思为“越越”。表示一方的程度随着另一方程度的改变而改变。如： The more books one reads, the more knowledgeable he becomes. 一个人读的书越多，知识就越多。 The higher the temperature (is), the greater the pressure (is). 温度越高，压力越大。,形容词和副词比较级和最高级的基本用法比较级,5）隐含比较级 有时比较级并不一定出现than，这时通过上下文可暗示出。如： Are you feeling better now? 你
6、现在感觉好些了吗？ 有些形容词在表示比较的时候，用“to”而不用“than”。如： prior to 较早的，较重要的 superior to优越，高于 inferior to 下等的，次的 senior to 年长的，地位高的 junior to年幼的，地位低的 preferable to 更好的 The task is prior to all others. 这项任务比其他所有的任务都重要。 In math he felt superior to John. 他觉得自己数学比约翰强。 He is two years senior to me. 他比我大两岁。 Health without
7、 riches is preferable to riches without health. 贫穷但健康要比富有却多病更可取。,形容词和副词比较级和最高级的基本用法最高级,2. 最高级 1）最高级用于三者或三者以上比较，形容词的结构形式是“定冠词形容词最高级名词表示范围的短语或从句”（如of all, of the three, in the world, that has ever taken place等）。如： Of all the writers in England, William Shakespeare is the most widely known. 英国所有作家中，威廉莎
8、士比亚是最为大家熟知的。2）形容词最高级前通常要加定冠词the，副词最高级前一般不加定冠词the。如： Light travels fastest of all forms of matter. 在所有物质中，光运动得最快。3）当用介词短语表明形容词或副词最高级的比较范围，作介词宾语的名词或代词与句中的主语属同一类人或物，并把主语,形容词和副词比较级和最高级的基本用法最高级,包括在内时，用介词of；如不属于同一类人或物，而只说明在某一时间、空间范围内的比较时，用介词in。如： He is the tallest of the four boys. （ He 与boys属同类） He is th
9、e tallest in our class. （ He与 class不属同类） 4）可以用原级、比较级、最高级三种形式来表示最高级的意思。如： She is the best student in her class. She is better than any other student in her class. No other student in her class is better than she (her)(在口语中多用宾格). No other student in her class is as good as she.,Exercises,1. Directions
10、: In this exercise, there are fifteen sentences. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence.,B,D,D,1）E-mailing is much _ than long-distance calling. A. cheapB. cheaper C. cheapest D. the cheapest 2）This question is _ more difficult t
11、han that one. A. rather B. quite C. very D. a little 3）Yang won the women 500 meters in the sports meet. She did _ of all. A. good B. well C. better D. best 4) _ you start, _ youll be back. A. Early; soon B. The early; the soon C. The early; the sooner D. Early; sooner,C,Exercises,C,D,A,5）Would you
12、please say it _ ? I still cant follow you. A. louder B. slower C. more slowly D. more loudlier6）Mum, this T-shirt is much too small for me. Would you buy me a _ one? A. nice B. large C. nicer D. larger 7）Now China has joined the WTO. So I think English is _ useful than before. A. more B. most C. muc
13、h D. many 8）I dont think Unit 3 is more difficult. I think its _ . A. more easily B. more easier C. much easily D. much easier 9）The young man drives _ than he did three months ago. A. much carefully B. much more careful C. much more carefully D. much careful,D,C,Exercises,B,D,B,10）Mike is the oldes
14、t boy and is taller than _ boys in the class. A. the other B. any C. each D. all 11）His sister is _ than he. A. younger five years B. five years younger C. five year younger D. five younger years 12）The USA is one of _ countries in the world. A. rich B. richest C. more rich D. the richest 13）He thin
15、ks he is superior _ his classmates because his father is an important person. A. than B. to C. of D. with,A,Exercises,14）Last year, Matt earned _ his brother, who has a better position. A. twice as many as B. twice as much as C. twice more than D. twice as more as 15）The climate of Japan is milder t
16、han _ . A. Canada B. in Canada C. that in Canada D. that of Canada,B,D,Exercises,2. Directions: In each of the following sentences, there are four underlined parts with one part improperly used. Identify that part and put it right in a proper form. 1）On the whole, ambitious students are much likely
17、to succeed in A B their studies than are those with little ambition. C D 2） A great many teachers firmly believe that English is one of the A B most poor taught subjects in high schools at present. C D3）John chance of being elected chairman of the committee is far A B C greater than Mike. D,B,are mo
18、re likely,C,most poorly taught,D,Mikes,Exercises,4）My knowledge of English literature is more inferior to hers. A B C D 5）The harder she tried, the more badly she danced before such a A B C large audience. D 6）The population of China is larger than any other country in the world. A B C D 7）That prod
19、uct that we sell at a slightly higher price is the more A B preferable to the one of a lower price. C D,B,inferior,B,the worse,D,that of any country,B,删掉 “the more”,Exercises,8）He took down the largest of the two dictionaries and began to A B search for the word he had misspelled. C D,larger,B,Exerc
20、ises,3. Directions: Put the following sentences into English. 1）我犯的错误比你多多了。 2）你的猜测与正确的答案相差最远。 3）我姐姐比你的大哥大3岁。,I made a lot more mistakes than you (did).,Your guess is the furthest from the correct answer.,My elder sister is three years older than/senior to your eldest brother.,Exercises,4）这个消息使教师们比学生还感到意外。5）汽油比前几年贵了一倍。 6）我感冒更厉害了。这次感冒是我最厉害的一次。,Petrol is twice as expensive as it was a few years ago.,My cold is getting worse. Its the worst cold Ive ever had.,The news was more surprising to the teachers than to the students.,
