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1、必修五,unit2,单词及词组详解consist1) 由组成; 由构成(注意:不能用于被动语态和进行时态)= be made up ofThe UK consists of four countries=The Uk is made up of four countries.This club consists of more than 200 membersWater consists of hydrogen and oxygen,The teachers job consists of giving lessons and taking care of the students.2) co
2、nsist in 基于,在于,存在之中The beauty of the city consists in its magnificent buildings.What does happiness consist in?3) consist with: 一致The report consists with facts.,2. England can be divided into three main areas. 英国可以分成三大部分。 divide 意为“把一个整体分成若干个部分” 常与 into, among, between 搭配 divide into 把分成 divide sth
3、. among sb.在分配 divide A from B使分离; 使分开 divide by用除以,Lets divide the class into 4 groups.He divides his energies between politics and business.Jack divided the rest of the cash among their partners.Six divided by three is two.,划分;把整体分成若干部分, 破坏了宾语的完整性。分隔; 把原来连在一起或靠近的分隔开来, 没有破坏宾语的完整性, 只是将宾语分开。,divide,s
4、eparate,辨析: divide, separate,The world is divided into five continents.Lets divide the cake into three.He separated the big eggs from the small ones.The grinding machine (碾谷机) separates the grain from the husk(糠).,1. The apple was _ into two.2. We _the money equally.3. Oxygen can be _ from water.4.
5、The Taiwan Strait _ Taiwan from Fujian.,试一试,divided,divided,separated,separates,puzzle n/v puzzled a. puzzling a.,1) n. 难题,谜,迷惑,困惑,2) v. 使迷惑/困惑,A crossword puzzlebe in a puzzle about sthI am in a puzzle about the matter.,The question puzzled me. Im puzzled about what to do next.,uzzle oneself (ones
6、brain) about sth= puzzle over sth 苦苦思索，为大伤脑筋,I am puzzling my brain about how to make my lesson lively and interesting. I puzzled over the question for quite a while.,He listened to the lecture with a _ expression.puzzled B. puzzling C. puzzle D. being puzzled,2) I hope that what I say will clarify
7、the misunderstanding.,3) His mind suddenly clarified.-fy 构成动词词缀，意思是 使,如satisfy, terrify beautify simplify,Clarify v. 使（某事物）清楚，澄清clarification to clarify a remark/statement/fact/ issues/the meaning ofclarify how/ what -clause1) I will clarify my position/stand at a proper time. 澄清立场,refer to 1) We ag
8、ree never to refer to the matter again.提到；谈及 2) Complete the exercise without referring to a dictionary.查阅 3) Who does the pronoun in the third sentence refer to? 指的是 4) The speaker referred to him as an up-and-coming（有前途的） politician. 把称作,1) Are they coming as well/too ?2) She is a talented musicia
9、n as well as a photographer.3) He plays guitar as well.,as well/as well as,4) E-mail, as well as telephone, _ an important part in daily communication.A. is playing B. have played C. are playing D. play5) Miss Han, _ Mrs. Howe, speaks good French. They often talk in French.A. so well as B. as good a
10、s C. as well as D. so good as 6) John plays football _, if not better than, David.A. as well B. as well as C. so well D. so well as,Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well.find +宾语+宾语补足语，included为过去分词作宾语补足语。find在该结构中表示“发现，觉得，发现处于某种状态”。find后的宾语补足语通常由以下几种形式充当：1 find +宾语+现在分词 T
11、om found the girl walking in the direction of the small village.,2 find +宾语+过去分词Then I found the hero surrounded by a group of soldiers.3 find +宾语+介词短语 Suddenly I found my mother at the edge of the river.4 find +宾语+形容词 Li Ming found himself wet when he arrived home. 5 find +宾语+名词 I find him the man
12、who saved me.,Accomplish1. 完成, 实现, 做成功 I have accomplished a great deal in the last few months. 2.达到(目的)；完成(任务、使命、计划、事业等)；实现(诺言、计划等) This task is accomplished by great effort. 这项任务是经过巨大努力才完成的。3.做到，做成，做成功 She seems to accomplish nothing. 她似乎没有任何建树。,辨析 complete, finish, end, accomplish 这些词均含“结束，完成”之意。
13、complete: 侧重指完成预定的任务或使某事完善，补足缺少的部分等。finish: 与complete基本同义，着重圆满地结束或完成已着手的事。end: 最普通用词，着重事情的完成。也指某种活动因达到目的而自然结束或由于某种原因而突然中止。accomplish: 正式用词，强调一个过程的完成；也可指依靠努力达到一定目的，或取得一定的结果。,5. However, just as they were going to get Ireland connected to form the United Kingdom, the Southern part of that country brok
14、e away to form its own government. 然而,正当他们打算把爱尔兰也同另外三个国家联合起来形成联合王国的时候,爱尔兰的南部却分离出去了。,break v. (broke, broken) 习惯搭配:break away 挣脱, 逃脱；脱离, 背叛break down 抛锚, 出故障,身体跨了break into 闯入, 突然发出break out (战争、瘟疫、火灾) 爆发break off 中断break the rules 违反规则break the records打破记录,Our car broke down.The peace talk between t
15、he two counties has broken down.Yesterday two thieves broke into his house.As she was talking, he suddenly broke in, saying, Thats a lie. (interrupt)He broke off a piece of chocolate.War broke out in 1914.The meeting broke up at ten to three.Shes just broken up with her boyfriend.,(机器)损坏, 抛锚 （身体，精神）
16、垮掉 谈判中止,破门而入,打扰,插话,掰碎，把分成碎片，,与分开;分裂,结束,credit 信任，学分，赞扬，信贷,He earned enough credits for his degree学分You should give him some credit for all the efforts hes put in. 赞扬No credit is given to this restaurant.本店概不赊账Its much to her credit that Joy overcame all the difficulties.值得表扬,credit card 信用卡 on credi
17、t 赊账，记账He bought the furniture on credit. 他赊帐买了这家具。 V 相信 Nobody credited his story. 没有人相信他的话。,6. Although the four countries do work together in some areas ( for example, in international relations), they are still different. 尽管这四个国家在某些方面 (如国际关系方面) 是合作的, 但它们还是不同的。,注意,work together是一个习惯用语, 不能按字面意思直译。
18、如It doesnt work. 在此处的work被译为“起反应, 起作用”,由动词work构成的词组：work well 做得好work sth. in/into sth. 设法把.加进work at something 从事work out 算出work ones will on /upon somebody 将某人的意志强加给别人,7. England is the largest of the four countries and for convenience it is divided roughly into three zones. 在这四个国家中,英格兰最大,为了方便起见,
19、它大致被分为了三个地区。convenience n. convenient adj.方便, 便利,for convenience 为了方便起见at ones convenience 在某人方便时convenient 主语通常是物而不是人be convenient to/for sb对某人方便be convenient for sb. to do sth. 某人做某事方便,n.便利的设施/设备(可数),n.方便/便利 (不可数),1 I keep my reference books near my desk for convenience. 2 We bought this house for
20、 its convenience.3 Please come at your convenience.4The newly-built office building is equipped with many modern conveniences. 5 Will the 3:50 train be convenient to you?,Come and see me whenever _.you are convenient B. you will be convenientC. it is convenient to you D. it will be convenient to you
21、,未经加工rough diamonds. 概略的：不完善 a rough drawing 草图粗鲁无礼的态度rough manners.不愉快，艰难的：had a rough time during the exam. a rough winter严冬粗糙的不光滑的 a rough surface /hands粗暴的，粗野 的ran with a rough crowd. in rough = roughly 粗略地,8. However, these industrial cities built in the 19th century do not have the historical
22、attractions of other places. 然而, 这些在十九世纪建立起来的城市却没有其它地方所具有的历史魅力。,attraction n. attract v. attractive adj1) 吸引，引力; 2) 吸引人的东西; 喜闻乐见的东西; 精彩节目 attraction of gravity 重力 scenic / tourist attraction(s) 旅游胜地 He cant resist the attraction of the sea on hot day. 酷热的夏天他经不住海的诱惑。,A big city offers many and varied
23、 attractions. 大城市有多种多样吸引人的东西。What are the principle attractions this evening? 今天晚上的拿手节目是什么？All of the people were attracted by the young ladys attractive smileWe must attract peoples attention to the education of the poor children in the countryside.,形近词 attack attach attribute attractThe box under
24、the car attracted the policemens eyesight.He attributed his success to his hard work.At dawn , we are going to attack the enemy to occupy the town.Have you read the letter attached to his file.,treasure 1) u 金银财宝，宝藏 e.g. to find buried treasure2) c 珍品/宝e.g. the nations art treasures 国家的艺术珍品3）v. 珍惜/爱
25、e.g. I will treasure those memories forever.,7. collection 收藏品，珍藏，收集,Researchers spent 6 months collecting facts and figures.collect / raise money for sth.collect ones thoughts 集中思想 a collection of people (群) a collection of poetry （诗集） collect stamps,短语 have a bad, good, beneficial, harmful, influe
26、nce with / on 对.有影响 under the influence of在影响下,9. But London has been influenced only by some invaders of England. 但是伦敦仅受一些入侵者的影响。,influence vt. & n. 影响，感化,影响力,The book had a great influence on his life. Under the influence of my friend, I bought a red coat.My teachers influence made me study scienc
27、e at college.He is a man of influence in the city.My teacher influenced my decision to study art.The weather influences crops.,affect & influence 意义相近affect 一般指生理/物质上的改变influence 较多用于指感觉/态度上的改变 e.g. 1) Drinking can affect your ability to drive.2）The TV advertisements have influenced my attitude towa
28、rds drinking and driving.,10. If you look around the British countryside, you will find evidence of all these invaders. 如果你的在英国四处走走的话,就会发现这些入侵者的痕迹。,invader n. 入侵者; 侵略者invade vt. 侵入; 侵略; 拥入,Hitler invaded Poland in 1939. 希特勒1939年入侵波兰。Doubts invade my mind.满腹狐疑。Disease invade the body.疾病侵袭身体。Holiday m
29、akers invade the seaside towns in summer.在夏季, 度假者大批涌入海滨城市。,worthwhile/worth adj,1) It is worthwhile to visit /visiting Hangzhou which is a beautiful place. 2) Hangzhou is a beautiful place which isworth visiting. 3) Thank you for your worthwhile suggestion. Thank you for your worth suggestion.,worth
30、: a. +n./pron.(代词)/V-ing 只作表语不作定语 worthwhile a. +to do sth./doing sth. 既可作表语又可作定语,be worthy of + n./being+p.p./ to be p.pe.g. 1) This question is worthy of consideration. 2) This question is worthy of being considered. 3) This question is worthy to be considered.,1) The book is worth reading. = It i
31、s worth/worthwhile reading the book.2) Nursing is a very worthwhile job.3) We had a long wait, but it was worthwhile because we got the tickets.4) The exhibition is well worth a visit.5)He thinks teaching foreign language is worthwhile.,worthwhile/worth,8. leave out 遗漏，漏掉，排除,Youve left out a zero in
32、 this phone number.All the other seemed to know each other and I began to feel left out.leave sb alone = leave him to himself不理会 leave sth. alone = dont touch it leave sth behind 落下，留下 leave word with sb 给某人留下口信 leave sth open/ untidy/ on/ off,感到被冷落,1. description -v._,describe sb. as.描述成Sarab descr
33、ibed him as shy. describe sth./sb. to sb. 向某人描述So describe this new classmate to me!n. give a () description ofI gave them a detailed description of my car.,describe,2. possibility -a. _,A peace settlement now looks like a real .Theres a possibility that he might get back.Its possible (for sb) to do
34、 sth/ thatI want to avoid the rush hour if possible.Would it be possible? 可以吗？as as possible whenever/ wherever possible-Do you think it was murder? Quite possibly.,possible,3. plus 介词，形容词,Prep: 1+1=2 One plus one equals two.The book has 250 pages, plus（外加） 20 pages of appendices.(附录)Adj: plus facto
35、r/ point 有利因素，优点Another point for the system is thatShe earns $50,000 a year plus. 多于,4. alike 不用于名词前 a./ adv.,My mother and I are in many ways.The twins were dressed .I enjoy being on this course - I learnt a lot from teachers and students . 同样地，一样地,arrange vt.&vi.排列；整理 In a dictionary the words ar
36、e arranged in alphabetical order.2）安排；准备We have arranged a party.3）商定 I arranged with her to meet at 8 oclock. arrangement n. 筹备,安排 Rearrange重新排列/ arranger 筹备者 arrange to do sth. 安排做某事, 预定 arrange for 安排, 准备 arrange with sb about sth 与某人商定某事 make an arrangement 安排，协商,1) They have _another man to tak
37、e his place.2) She helped me _ the flowers.3) She _ to meet Tom after work.4) They made _ to share the food.,arrange for,arrange,an arrangement,arranged,12. fold v.& n. 折叠, 弯曲, 合起来 folder 纸夹 fold up 折叠；折起foldin sth. 把包在某物里fold ones arms/hands 交臂、交手unfold v.展开；摊开；打开；展现；呈现,The little child folded her
38、hands in prayer. 这个小孩合上双手祈祷。She folded the handkerchief and put it in her pocket. 她叠好手绢, 放进了口袋里。,language points,1. sightseeing n.& a.观光的 sightsee v. 观光 sightseer n.观光客, 游客 go sightseeing 观光, 游览,2. be worried about / for 为着急 be anxious about sth. 为担忧 be upset about sth. 对感到苦脑 be curious about sth. 为
39、好奇 be eager for 盼望得到, 想得到 be confused with 对感到混乱,3. available adj. 1) (sth.) that can be used （指物）可用的; 可得的 This was the only available room. Tickets are available at the box office. 2) (sb.) be free to seen (指人)可会见的 I am available in the afternoon. He was not available for the interview.,6. delight
40、n.&v. 愉快，乐趣，快乐 to ones delight 令感到愉快的是 take delight in sth /doing sth 乐于, 爱好 delight sb. with sth. 用某物使某人高兴 delight in 喜欢, 嗜好 delighted adj. be delighted to do,The kids rushed down to the beach with/ in delight. 高兴地To my secret delight, Sarah announced that she was leaving. 令某人暗自高兴Tom takes great de
41、light in making fun of his sister.= delights in 喜欢 以为乐趣The teacher delighted us with his humor.There are so many delights in travels.,1) I took delight _ books.2) _ his delight, he passed the driving test.3) She delights _ being surrounded by admirers.,in,To,in,Fill in the blanks with in /to:,fancy
42、adj. vt. &n. 1) adj. 奇特的；花样的；花哨的 I dont like making a fancy meal. 2）vt 想象；假象fancy +从句 想象fancy (ones) doing sth. 想象做fancy sb. as 想象某人为 3) n. 幻想，幻想出的东西,4. remain - remaining (adj ) - remains (n ),1) After the fire ,very little remained of my house . 2) Much work remained to be done .3) Ill remained to
43、 see the end of the game .4) In fact ,the work remained unfinished . The children remained listening . The Indian people remain in deep poverty .5) The remains of the ancient temple are worth seeing .,剩下,留待以后去做,vi.逗留,留下,link.仍然是,n.残存的物,The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain _as the pl
44、ane was making a landing . A seat B seating C seated D to be seating,C,occasion n. 机会，时机；（某事发生的）时刻，时节 on that/this occasion 那时、这时 表达“有时”得表达： on occasion at times from time to time now and then once in a while,3. I am a_ in the afternoon.4. It remains _ whether you are right . A. to see B. to be seen
45、 C. seeing D. seen5. Generally speaking, _according to the directions, the drug has no side effect. A. when taking B. when taken C. when to take D. when to be taken,2. Unless _to speak ,you should remain silent at the conference . A.invited B.inviting C.being invited D.having invited,A,vailable,B,B,
46、1. Well go s_ on Monday.,ightseeing,7. 省略句: 结构中的主语与主句的主语一致时, 可省略相同成分。 It looked splendid when first built! 当第一次建的时候它看上去很辉煌！,When_, he went red.,asked why he was late,When first built = When it was first built,Generally speaking, _according to the directions, the drug has no side effect. A. when taki
47、ng B. when taken C. when to take D. when to be taken2) Unless _ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference. A. invited B. inviting C. being invited D. having invited,6. in memory of = in honor of 为了纪念 in celebration of 为了庆祝 The museum was built in memory of the great writer Lu Xun. A grand
48、 party was held in celebration of their victory.,7. It is strange (necessary, natural, important, a pity) +that (should) + v. 虚拟语气 (引导主语从句),句中的should 表示意外或惊讶。1 Its strange that their team should win the first prize.2 You cant imagine that a well-behaved gentleman (should) be so rude to a lady.,It is
49、 strange that he _ so much about me knows B. knew C. has known D. know,8. thrill vt. 使激动的, 使胆战心惊的, 有时相当于excite thrilling = exciting thrilled = excited a thrilling experience The film thrilled the audience.,9. display n. & v. 陈列,展示,表露 on display 展览 on show 展示 = on exhibition The seller displays all k
50、inds of fruits in the shop. 商人在店里摆了各种水果。display ones true feelings 表露自己真正的感受,10. feel / be proud of = take pride in 以为自豪 他以自己的成功自豪。 He feels/ is proud of his success. He takes pride in his success. 他以自己是一个科学家感到光荣。 He is proud to be a scientist.,请选用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空。We _ the good news that our team won
