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1、非谓语动词,v-ed过去分词,to do不定式,v-ing 形式,动名词,现在分词,What is .doing?,be +ving表动作进行,She is using eco-friendly washing powder.He/It is sleeping.It is standing. The black man is smiling.v-ing 还可以充当什么,Going to a British high school for one year is an enjoyable experience.,There are many sleeping students in class.
2、,（表语）,（定语）,Feeling the lesson is boring, the students are sleepy.,The students feel the lesson boring.,The lesson is boring.,（宾补）,（状语）,4. The man who is running in the picture is Liu Xiang.,2. The man running inthe picture is Liu Xiang.,1. a running man,3. The man running fastest got the first place
3、.,一、 V-ing used as attribute:,小 结:,V-ing形式作定语可表示动作正在进行（如例1、2）或表示和所修饰词之间有逻辑主动关系（如例3）。,位置摆法：单个V-ing词作定语修饰名词一般置于名词之前（如例1）；V-ing词组修饰名词则置于名词之后（如例2、3），此时相当于一个定语从句（如例4）。,作定语时，动名词与现在分词的区别,v-ing修饰名词，还可表示其用途a swimming pool,(2) a walking man,(1) a walkingstick,=a stick for walking,= a man who is walking,Tips 2
4、,a running athletea promising young man.an exciting eveningan interesting crosstalk,有前途的年轻人,跑步运动员,激动人心的夜晚,有趣的相声,在礼堂里做演讲的教授在田间劳作的农民持续半个小时的会议朝街的大楼,the professor giving a speech in the hall,the farmers working in the field,the meeting lasting half an hour,the building facing the street,Translate the ph
5、rases using v-ing：,The teacher teaching us English is Mr. Sun,=The teacher who teaches / is teaching us English is Mr. Sun.,The people sitting behind us are all teachers.,=The people who are sitting behind us are all teachers.,the man sitting by the window boiling water falling snow the bridge being
6、 built# 与过去分词,不定式 作定语的区别the house built/ being built/to be built 过去分词做定语与其修饰词之间是动宾关系或过去分词表示的动作已完成。现在分词作定语与修饰词之间是主谓关系，或表示动作正在发生。不定式作定语表示动作将要发生。,2.We noticed a lot of people_ _,二、 V-ing used as Object Complement:你使我笑/我看你唱了一首歌/妈妈留我在家/我逮到小老鼠在偷东西。,1. We saw some students_,3.They have the fireburning all
7、night.,playing basketball on the playground.,waiting to enter the stadium.,V-ing形式作宾语补足语置于宾语之后，表示一个正在进行的动作（如例1、2），或强调一个过程或一种状态。（如例3）,小 结 ：,V-ing形式作宾语补足语的常见动词：,小 结 ：,表示感觉和心理状态的动词，常见的有 see, hear, feel, smell, find, notice, observe, look at, listen to 等。,2) 表示指使意义的动词，常见的有have, set, keep, get, catch, le
8、ave等。如：,1. I saw them _(force) the door open with a hammer. 2. I heard him _ (drop) lots of coins into the collecting tin.,forcing,dropping,当我们回到学校时, 发现一个陌生人站在大门口。 When we returned to the school, we _at the entrance. 我发现地板上放着一个包。 I _on the ground. 那老板让工人整夜地工作。 The boss _the whole night.,found a stra
9、nger standing,found a bag lying,kept/had the workers working,His concern for his mother is感人 _.,三、V ing used as predicative,touching/moving,-ing形式作表语 ：v-ing形式，表示“某物令人的” v-ed形式,表示“某人感到”,The film is interesting.,3.V ing used as 状语1 .Seeing the teacher entering the room, the students stood up.2. Being
10、a student, he was interested in sports.3. Having written the letter, John went to the post office.,V-ing词组可以在句中充当状语,格式：,状语:在句中充当时间、原 因、 目的、结果、条件、伴随 、让步.,v-ing+其它，主句。=状语成句，主句。,-ing短语作时间状语一般置于句首。如： 当听到这个不幸的消息时，他们情不自禁地哭了起来。,1. 作时间状语,_, I decided to write back.收到他的信后，我决定给他回信。 =_ I decided to write back.
11、,Having received his letter,After I had received his letter,Hearing the bad news,When they heard the bad news, they couldnt help crying. = _ , they couldnt help crying.,因为他已经去过长城许多次，上周他就没去。_, he didnt go last week. _ _, he didnt go last week.,-ing短语作原因状语一般置于句首。如： 因为太生气了，他不能入睡。 he couldnt go to sleep
12、. = , he couldnt go to sleep.,2. 作原因状语,Having been to the Great Wall many times,Because (As) he had been to the Great Wall many times,Because he was so angry,Being so angry,-ing作条件状语置于句首或句末。如：Working hard, you will succeed. =If you work hard, you will succeed. 如果你勤奋一点，你就会成功。,3. 作条件状语,注意：_, and you w
13、ill succeed.,Work hard,-ing短语作让步状语，可置于句首或 句末，常与even if, though 连用。如：,4. 作让步状语,Though working from morning till night, his father didnt get enough food.=Although his father worked from morning till night, he didnt get enough food. 虽然他父亲从早到晚拼命地干活，但是他还是挣不到足够的吃的。,They came into the classroom, singing an
14、d laughing. =They sang and laughed; they came into the classroom. 他们又唱又笑地走进教室。,5. 作伴随状语,当他在北京时，他来看了我两次。While staying in Beijing, he came to see me twice.=While he was staying in Beijing, he came to see me twice. 尽管很想出席晚会，他拒绝受邀。Though willing to attend the party, he refused the invitation. =Though he
15、 was willing to attend the party, he refused the invitation.,小 结:,1. -ing短语与when, while, though, until, if等连词连用时，相当于这些连词引导的一个从句。如：,1. a. Hearing the news, tears ran down her face. b. Hearing the news, she cried out sadly.2. a. Entering the classroom, I found nobody in it. b. Entering the classroom,
16、nobody was found in it.3. a. Looking out through the window, the garden was beautiful. b. Looking out through the window, we saw a beautiful garden.4. a. Reading the evening newspaper, a dog started barking. b. I was reading the evening newspaper when a dog started barking.,Choose the correct senten
17、ce.,1. Their car was caught in a traffic jam, thus _ the delay. A. to cause B. causing C. caused D. cause2. The _ boy was last seen _ near the bank of the lake.A. missing; playing B. missing; play C. missed; played D. missed; to play,Exercise,3. After seeing the movie, _. A. the book was read by him
18、 B. the book made him want to read it C. he wanted to read the book D. the reading of the book interested him,4. The next morning she found the man in bed, _ dead.A. lying B. lie C. lay D. laying5. There was a terrible noise _ the sudden burst of light.A. followed B. following C. to be followed D. b
19、eing followed,6. The secretary worked late into the night, _ a long speech for the president.A. to prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. was preparing,The secretary worked late into the night_ a long speech for the president.,A,7. Johns bad habit is _ without thorough understanding. A. read B. being r
20、ead C. to be read D. reading8. _ a reply, he decided to write again. A. Not receiving B. Receiving not C. Not having received D. Having not received,考例1 A cook will be immediately fired if he is found _ in the kitchen. （NMET 2003）smoke B. smoking C. to smoke D. smoked.,考点 V-ing形式作宾语补足语。,与高考同行,考例2 We
21、 often provide our children with toys, footballs or basketballs, _ that all children like these things. (2006全国卷III)A. thinking B. think C. to thinkD. thought,考点 V-ing形式作原因状语。,考例3 While watching television, _. （2005全国卷II）A the doorbell rang B the doorbell ringsC we heard the doorbell ringD we heard
22、the doorbell rings,考点 当分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致。,考例4 The old man, _ abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland.(2004 江苏)A. to workB. workingC. to have workedD. having worked,考点 当分词作时间状语时,考例5 _ the programme, they have to stay there for another two weeks. （广东2004）Not completingB.
23、 Not completed C. Not having completed D. Having not completed,考点 非谓语动词的否定形式,Consolidation,change the following attributive clauses into verb-ing form?1). A taxi which is waiting is around the corner. A waiting taxi is around the corner. 3).The boy who was smiling ran to his mother. The smiling boy
24、ran to his mother.,4).The woman who is coming to dinner this evening works in the bank. The woman coming to dinner this evening works in the bank. 5).The young man who is looking at the map is lost. The young man looking at the map is lost.,rewrite these sentences ,using clauses introduced by when,a
25、fter,because,as a result,and if ect.,Knowing that there was a dog outside, the little boy didnt open the door. Because he knew that there was a dog outside, the little boy didnt open the door.,Lucy and Lily, looking so alike, are often mistaken for twins. Lucy and Lily, because they look so alike, a
26、re often mistaken for twins.The couple went shopping, leaving their eldest daughter alone at home.The couple went shopping. As a result, they left their eldest daughter alone at home. Time permitting, I will meet you for lunch. If time permits, I will meet you for lunch.,Multiple choice:,1.Where is
27、my passport? I remember _it here.You shouldnt have left it here. Remember _it with you all the time.A. to put；to take B. putting；taking C. putting；to take D. to put；taking2.After finishing his homework he went on_a letter to his parents.A. write B. writingC. wrote D. to write 3.Only _English doesnt
28、mean_ the language.A. to learn；to learn B. learning；learningC. learning about；learn D. learning about；learning,4.Would you mind _quiet for a moment? Im trying_a form.A. keeping；filling out B. to keep；to fill outC. keeping；to fill out D. to keep；filling out 5. _the news of his fathers death, he burst
29、 into tears.A. After hearing B. On hearingC. While hearingD. Having heard 6.Our father often told us in the past that _is believing. A. to see B. seeing C. see D. to be seen,7._is a good of exercise for both the young and the old.A. The walk B. Walking C. To walk D. Walk8.There was a terrible noise
30、_the sudden burst of light. A. followed B. following C. to be followed D. being followed9. It was so cold that they kept the fire _all night.A. to burn B. burn C. burning D. burned10._a reply, he decided to write a sixth letter.A. Not receiving B. Not to receive C. Not having received D. Having not
31、received,1. Mr. Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to _ some schools for poor children.(01上海)A. set up B. setting upC. have set up D. having set up2. I really appreciate _ to relax with you on this nice island.（01上海A. to have had time B. having timeC. to have time D. to have time3. In some p
32、arts of London, missing a bus means _ for another hour.(02上海).A. waiting B. to wait C. wait D. to be waiting,链接高考,4_ the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement.(03上海).The president will attend The president to attendThe president attendedThe presidents attending5Victor apologized fo
33、r _ to inform me of the change in the plan.(04 上海) .A. his being not able B. him not to be ableC. his not being ableD. him to be not able,8.The flowers _sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of name.(04上海)A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to be smelt9. The old man, _abroad
34、 for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland.(04江苏)A. to work B. working C. to have worked D. having worked,10. He looked around and caught a man _ his hand into the pocket into a passenger.(04春季北京)A. put B. to be putting C. to put D. putting12. “You cant catch me!” Janet shouted, _away.(
35、05全国II)A. run B. running C. to run D. ran,14. I couldnt do my homework with all that noise _.(05 北京)A. going on B. goes on C. went on D. to go on,16. The Chinese are proud of the 29th Olympic games _in Beijing in 2008.(06 四川)A. hold B. holding c. held D. to be held18. Tom sounds very much _ in the j
36、ob, but Im not sure whether he can manage it.(06山东) A. interested B. interesting C. interestingly D. interestedly,19. Whenever he was asked why he was late for class, he would answer carelessly, always _ the same thing.(06江苏) A. sayingB. saidC. to sayD. having said 20. - There is a story here in the
37、 paper about a 110-year-old man. - My goodness! I cant imagine _ that old. (06江苏) A. to be B. to have been C. being D. having been,一些独立结构：1. Generally _( speak ), we have learnt a lot in this school.2. _(judge ) from his appearance, he is somebody.3. _( tell ) you the truth, your work is terrible.,speaking,Judging,To tell,Thank you,
