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1、专题 状语从句,1,状语从句是如何出题的？,时间/条件状语从句是关键,其他状语从句重点记忆连接词,2,什么是状语？,什么是从句？,状语是修饰动词、形容词、副词等的句子成分。说明时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件等。可作状语的有：名词、副词、介词短语、不定式短语和从句等,必须符合“从句的三个必须”必须是句子；必须有连接词；必须是陈述句,3,什么是状语从句？,用一个句子充当状语成分，那个句子就是状语从句。,I get up,at six,when it is dark.,I get up,at school,where I study.,4,状语从句状语从句同副词，介词词组等作状语一样，用于修饰谓
2、语，说明谓语动作的时间，地点，方式，手段，条件，程度，比较，原因，目的，结果等 I get up at 6:00It is darkI get up when it is dark,5,状语从句分类,表示时间 表示地点 表示原因 表示结果 表示目的表示条件表示让步表示比较,返回,6,时间状语从句,I was watching TV at ten oclock yesterday.I was watching TV when my mother got home.,-,时间状语,-,时间状语从句,7,时间状语从句的引导词：when（当时候）, while（当时候）, before（在之前）, a
3、fter（在之后）, till/ until（直到）, as soon as （一就）， as（当时,一边,一边）, since（从以来）, by the time （当时候）等引导。,8,在忘记之前,我要把它写下来。我一到上海就会写信给你。 我们一直到雨停了才离开。,We didnt leave until the rain stopped.,As soon as I arrive in Shanghai, I will write to you.,Ill write it down before I forget it.,9,在时间状语从句里，当主句是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。 Ill
4、 ring you up as soon as I get to New York. I will tell him everything when he comes back. He wont believe it until he sees it with his own eyes.,10,考查when, while, as引导，表示“当时候”。,11,(1) when 意为“当时”，“在.之后”，引导的时间状语从句表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时或先后发生。如：,I feel very happy when you come to see me.你(们)来看我时，我感到很高兴。（先后）Wh
5、en you are crossing the street, you must be careful. 你( 们)过街道时，一定要小心。（同时）,1.when 的用法,12,(2)when 引导的时间状语从句中，可以用延续性动词，也可以用短暂性动词。如：,Someone knocked at the door when I was sleeping. 当我正在睡觉时，有人敲门。(延续性动词),I will visit my good friend when I arrive.当我到达时，我将去看望我的好友。(短暂性动词),例：_you smile at others，they will sm
6、ile back. A Before B When C Until D Though,B,13,注意：when 也可以作并列连词，表示一个动作正在进行的时候，突然间发生了另外一件事。如：,I was fishing by the river, when someone called for help.我正在河边钓鱼，就在那时有人求救。,We were working in the chemistry lab, when the lights went out.我们正在化学实验室工作，突然灯都熄灭了。,14,while 意为“当时”“在期间”，引导的时间状语从句表示主从句的动作在同一时期发生，常
7、用延续性动词或表示状态的词。如：,They rushed in while we were discussing problems.当我们正在讨论问题时，他们冲了进来。Father was cleaning the car while I was playing computer games.（while表示两个动作同时发生）当我正在玩电脑游戏时，爸爸正在清洗汽车。,2.while 的用法,15,例：我吃饭时你可以去游泳。,You can go swimming while Im having lunch.,16,注意：while 也可以作并列连词，表转折的关系，相当于but，译为“然而”。如
8、：,I like listening to music, while my brother likes doing sports.我喜欢听音乐，而我的兄弟爱好运动。,17,as 引导时间状语从句时，意为“正当，一边.一边，随着”等意思(1)表示某事一发生，另一事情随即发生 As the sun rose the fog disappeared. 太阳一出来雾都消散了(2)表示某事发生的过程中另一事发生. As he was speaking there was a loud explosion. 正当他在说话的时候，出现了一声巨响.(从句用进行时态) I heard the murmur of
9、 their voices as I crossed the hall. 我走过大厅的时候听到他们在嘀咕什么. (两个动作都是一般时态),3. as 的用法,18,(3) 表示两个动作同时发生. He smiled as he passed. 他路过的时候笑了一下.（两个动作都是短暂的） Helen heard the story as she washed. 海伦一边洗衣服一边听故事. （两个都是延续性动作） He saw that she was smiling as he read . 他看到她一边看书一边笑.（两个都是延续性动作）We get wiser as we get older
10、. 我们随着年龄的增长而变得聪明起来.（随着时间的变化而变化）,19,答案A解析 答语中when引导了一个时间状语从句，主句用了一般将来时态，所以从句用一般现在时态，可见正确答案在A与B之中。既然答语用了时间状语来回答，可见问句询问的也一定是时间，从而确定正确答案为A。,【考例】Mum,_ shall we have lunch? We will have it when your dad_. 连云港A when；returns B where returns Cwhere；will return Dwhen；will return,20,4. before 的用法before 引导的时间状语
11、从句通常表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前，反之则用after.可意为“在之前”，根据具体语境还可理解：“还没来得及/还没有就”，“趁着还没就”，“不知不觉就，才”等。,21,We cleaned the classroom before we left school yesterday. 昨天离开学校之前，我们打扫了教室。He had been a cook before he went to college.他上大学前曾当过厨师。,例：You must make sure your tea is not too _ you drink it. A before B after C sinc
12、e D while,C,22,答案B。解析这四个词(组)都可以引导时间状语从句，as soon as一就before在之前；after在之后；until直到才。分析句子可以看出句意为“在你走之前把你的电子邮件地址给我好吗?”,【考例】Could you please give me your e-mail address _you go? 昆明A. as soon as B. before C. after D. until,23,5. until 和till 的用法：(1)主句的谓语动词是延续性动词时，主句用肯定形式表示这一动作或状态一直延续到until/till 所表示的时间为止.till
13、 和until 都表示“直到”，常可换用，但till不用于句首，也不可用于强调句.,Ill stay here until you come back.我会待在这里，直到你回来。(stay 表示的动作可以持续）,24,(2)主句谓语动词是非延续性动词时，用否定形式表示主句的谓语所表示的动作直到until 所表示的时间才发生.构成句式not.until.，有时不用not，而用其他如never、nothing等表示否定的词.,He didnt go to bed until/before he finished his homework. 他直到做完作业才睡觉。(go to bed 表示的动作不能
14、持续),25,【考例1】一Hurry up. The bus is comingOh, no. We mustnt cross the street _the traffic lights are green福州Aafter B. since C. while Duntil,答案D。解析本题应从句意人手。until常用于否定句中，构成notuntil结构，意为“直到才”，该句意为“直到交通灯变绿，我们才能穿过马路”。,26,【考例2】The kids didnt start to fly kites in the playground _the rain stopped. A. if B. u
15、ntil C. whenever 成都,答案B 解析 notuntil直到才。“直到雨停孩子们才可以去操场放风筝”。,27,【考例3】Look! Here comes our school bus.No hurry. Dont get on it _it has stopped. 安徽A. until B. after C. since D. when,答案A解析句中有dont，可想notuntil为固定结构，意为“直到才”。,28,【考例4】Julie didnt leave her office _ the police arrived . A however B whenever C w
16、hile D until,D,29,6. since的用法：,(1)since 引导的时间状语从句，表示“自.以来”，主句用一般现在时或现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。,I have worked for this company since I graduated.从毕业到现在，我一直在这家公司上班,例：We have been good friends _we joined the same football team. A after B before C since D until,C,30,6. since的用法：,(2) “it is /has been +时间段+since 从句”
17、句式表示“自从.以来有(多久)”。since从句不可以用否定形式。,It is / has been 2 years since we last met.自从我们上次见面以来已经有两年了。,31,7. as soon as 的用法：,as soon as 引导的从句表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作随即发生，常译为“一.就.”。该句经常用一般现在时表示将来。,As soon as he arrives ，I ll tell him.他一到，我就告诉他.例： Will you please give the dictionary to Jane？ Sure. Ill give it to her
18、_ she arrives here. A before B until C because D as soon as,D,32,8. whenever 的用法：,whenever 意思是“每当，任何时候”,Whenever she comes，she brings a friend.她每次来都带着个朋友.He likes listening to music whenever he has time. 每当他有时间的时候，他喜欢听音乐。注意：whenever 可以用every time 替代.,33,练习 : 1. Ill write to you _ I get there. A. whi
19、le B. before C. as soon as D. by2. He has lived in the city _ he came back from America. A. when B. before C. since D. after3. We wont leave here _ our teacher comes back. A. until B. since C. after D. as soon as4. I had to finish the picture _ my mother came back. A. until B. before C. after D. while5. John fell asleep _ he was listening to the music. A. after B. before C. while D. as soon as,中考题型,时间状语从句,34,
