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1、专升本英语考前辅导 （2）,第二讲完型填空,题型设计完型填空是英语考试的必考题目，它全面检测学生词汇、句型、语法、惯用语及语感等各方面的综合运用能力。题型特点：1）语法和词汇在英语学习中好比砖瓦在建造房屋中的作用,是基础性的。,2）没有这样的基础,听说读写都是空谈，更不要说做好完型填空。3）完型填空题与阅读理解题不一样。它是以一篇不完整的文章出现，要求考生还文章的本来面目，考生要根据文章的内容，排除三个错误选项的干扰，用正确的选项填补所缺的词，使文章完整与通顺。,解题技巧,成功：信心+心理素质+技巧,一、平心静气不急不躁 对完形填空心存恐惧，是导致失误的根本原因，有些考生满脑子的畏难思想，殊不
2、知这种情绪只会使得自己的全部思想游离题外，根本无法进入思维，还谈何理解文章的内容呢？所以，集中思想、树立信心、平心静气、去除杂念才是做好完型填空题的保证。,二、浏览全文把握大意 浏览全文能获得更多的上下文提供的信息，并根据文章的内在逻辑意义、贯穿文章始终的主线以及作者行文的走向，把握文脉，调整并定位自己的解题思路，从而做出最终的判断。如在Computer 一文中，作者贯穿文章始终的主线为Computers are important for human beings,但到了最后，作者笔锋一转，提出Are you afraid if computers can really think one
3、day?作者的行文走向是一种担心和忧虑，所以读者既要善于听话听音，也要把握准文脉，及时调整、定位自己的思路，就会发现上述问题的正确回答应该是Yes，we are afraid.。,三、识别短语注意搭配 短语是由动词介词，或动词副词构成，在现代英语中，这类词组很多而且实用性强、结构简练、使用灵活、表达生动。如：break the ice，look forward to，keep an eye on，catch ones eye等。还有使用极广的是介词短语，如with regard to，in a blink of，on everyones lips，at the age of等。如果平时能注意词
4、组、短语的整体记忆，掌握它们的搭配规律，在做完型填空时就能得心应手，减少失误，提高完型填空的命中率。,四、运用语法理顺关系 语法知识是指导完型填空的法宝，词汇是根据语法规则确定各自的位置，有了语法规则文章才能有条不紊、顺理成章。完型填空题实际上是“形断意不断，貌离神不离”，正如藕断而丝连，语法规则起到“牵动荷花带出藕”的功效。如介词后的代词必然是宾格；物质名词一般不用复数；形容词必须放在不定代词后；行为动词的否定和疑问句应由助动词do构成；情态动词只能与不带to的动词连用等。,五、遇到难词反复默念 有时会遇到这样的情况，大部分题都选出来了，只有一、两道难题绞尽脑汁仍不得要领，如果考试时间允许，
5、不要轻易放弃，要穷追不舍，先从语法角度考虑，再从逻辑角度考虑是否有隐含意思、作者的情感以及文化和习俗等。有时句子好像什么也不缺，读上去很完整，就必须考虑，很可能缺的就是连词and，副词then、always、some times等，如果还未选出，则应反复默念几遍，有些词就会悄然而至，在你的记忆中浮现出来。,六、复查核对，决定取舍 全部题目作完以后，要仔细考查核对。 步骤:把短文连同所选答案细读一遍，凡读起来别扭或答案无确切把握的地方分别记下来，然后将每个空白处与其相对应的四个答案逐一对照，务求一一过关，避免遗漏。若发现原所选答案与复查时所选答案不同，不要急于涂改，待认真斟酌核实后，再决定取舍。
6、,七、运用背景知识和社会常识解题解答完形填空题时，有时文章中提供的信息还不够，还需要考生把符合常识的一些知识信息结合起来考虑，最后选出符合常识的最佳答案。因此，考生的知识范围越广，对文章的理解就越容易，整体上知道所选短文在说什么，那么局部上的每一个空填起来也会得心应手。,要求：在平时的练习中，对每一篇完形填空均可重复作上几遍，通过反复的练习，不但可以牢固地掌握所学基础知识，而且能够提高完形填空的应试能力。,在通读全文的基础上，对各备选答案应进行对比分析。分析时应注意以下几点：(1) 当遇到一个需要选的题时，首先要考虑所选的词在句子中的成分是什么？词性是什么？ (2) 如果需要选的是名词，就要考
7、虑名词的单复数和所有格形式。,(3) 如果需要填的是形容词或副词，就应考虑是用原级或是比较级，还是最高级。 (4) 如果需要填的是动词，则要考虑动词的时态，语态，人称变化，语气以及非谓语动词（不定式和动词-ing形式）的一般式，被动式和完成式等。,(5) 如果需要填空的是介词，则要注意固定搭配的用法。 (6) 如果需要填的是冠词，则要注意是用不定冠词还是用定冠词。 (7) 另外要注意一些固定句型的完整性。,英语完型填空常考固定词组 （略）,完型填空练习（1）,Fire can help people in many ways. Fire can heat water， (1)_ your ho
8、use， give light and cook food. But fire can burn things too. Nobody knows (2)_ people began to use fire. One story from Australia tells about a man a very long time ago. He (3)_ the sun by a rope and brought fire down.Today people know how to (4)_ a fire with matches. Children sometimes like to play
9、 with them. But matches can be very (5)_.Fire kills people every year. So you must be careful (6)_ matches. You should also learn to (7)_ fires. Fires need oxygen. Without oxygen they die. There is (8)_ in the air. Cover a fire with water， sand， or (9)_， with your coat or a blanket. This keeps the a
10、ir from a fire and kills it.Be careful with fire， and it will help you. Be careless with fire， and it might (10)_ you.,1. A. brighten B. warm C. beautify D. lighten2. A. where B. when C. what D. how3. A. watched B. got up to C. went up to D. discovered4. A. set B. make C. cause D. catch5. A. dangero
11、us B. bright C. unusual D. common6. A. about B. to C. on D. afterward7. A. lay out B. put out C. put away D. do away with8. A. fire B. moisture C. oxygen D. substance9. A. in general B. in particular C. in a hurry D. in an emergency10. A. injure B. hurt C. destroy D. spoilKey: 1. B 2. D 3. C 4. B 5.
12、 A 6. A 7. B 8. C 9. D 10.,Fire can help people in many ways. Fire can heat water, _ your house， give light and cook food. But fire can burn things too. Nobody knows _ people began to use fire. One story from Australia tells about a man a very long time ago. He _ the sun by a rope and brought fire d
13、own.Today people know how to _ a fire with matches. Children sometimes like to play with them. But matches can be very _.Fire kills people every year. So you must be careful _ matches. You should also learn to _ fires. Fires need oxygen. Without oxygen they die. There is _ in the air. Cover a fire w
14、ith water， sand， or _， with your coat or a blanket. This keeps the air from a fire and kills it.Be careful with fire， and it will help you. Be careless with fire， and it might _ you.,warm,how,went up,make,dangerous,about,put out,oxygen,in an emergency,hurt,完型填空练习（2）,III. Cloze (30 points)Directions:
15、 For each blanks in the following passage, there are four choices marked A. B. C and D. Choose the one that is most suitable and mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.,Most worthwhile careers require some kind of specialized training. Ideally, therefore, the cho
16、ice of an 21 should be made even before the choice of a curriculum in high school. Actually, however, most people make several job choices during their working lives, 22 because of economic and industrial changes and partly to improve their position. The “one perfect job” does not exist. Young peopl
17、e should 23 enter into a broad flexible training program that will 24 them for a field of work rather than for a single 25 .,Unfortunately many young people have to make career plans 26 benefit of help from a competent vocational counselor or psychologist. Knowing 27 about the occupational world, or
18、 themselves for that matter, they choose their lifework on a hit-or-miss 28 . Some drift from job to job. Others 29 to work in which they are unhappy and for which they are not fitted.One common mistake is choosing an occupation for its real or imagined prestige. Too many high-school students or the
19、ir parents for them choose the professional field, 30 both the relatively small proportion of workers in the professions and the extremely high educational and personal 31 . The imagined or real prestige of a profession or a “White-collar” job is 32 good reason for choosing it as lifes work. Moreove
20、r, these occupations are not always well paid. 33 a large proportion of jobs are in mechanical and manual work, the 34 of young people should give serious 35 to these fields.,21.Aidentification BentertainmentCaccommodationDoccupation22.Aentirely Bmainly Cpartly Dtotally 23.Asince Btherefore Cfurther
21、moreDforever 24.Amake Bfit Ctake Deave 25.Ajob Bway Cwork Dcompany 26.Ato Bfor Cwithout Dwith,27.Alittle Bfew Cmuch Da lot 28.Achance Bbasis Cpurpose Dopportunity29.Aapply Bappeal Cstick Dturn 30.AconcerningBfollowing CconsideringDdisregarding 31.ApreferencesBrequirements Ctendencies Dambitions 32.A
22、a Bany Cno Dthe33.AForBSinceCThough DAs if34.Amajority Bmass Cminority Dmultitude35.Aproposal Bsuggestion CconsiderationDappraisalKey:21. D 22. C 23. B 24. B 25. A 26. C27. A 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. B 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. C,Most worthwhile careers require some kind of specialized training. Ideally, t
23、herefore, the choice of an _ _ should be made even before the choice of a curriculum in high school. Actually, however, most people make several job choices during their working lives, _ because of economic and industrial changes and partly to improve their position. The “one perfect job” does not e
24、xist. Young people should _ enter into a broad flexible training program that will _ them for a field of work rather than for a single _ .,occupation,partly,therefore,fit,job,Unfortunately many young people have to make career plans _ benefit of help from a competent vocational counselor or psycholo
25、gist. Knowing _ about the occupational world, or themselves for that matter, they choose their lifework on a hit-or-miss _ . Some drift from job to job. Others _ to work in which they are unhappy and for which they are not fitted.One common mistake is choosing an occupation for its real or imagined
26、prestige.,without,little,basis,stick,Too many high-school students or their parents for them choose the professional field, _ both the relatively small proportion of workers in the professions and the extremely high educational and personal _ . The imagined or real prestige of a profession or a “Whi
27、te-collar” job is _ good reason for choosing it as lifes work. Moreover, these occupations are not always well paid. _ a large proportion of jobs are in mechanical and manual work, the _ of young people should give serious _to these fields.,disregarding,requirements,no,Since,majority,consideration,Thank you very much!,
