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1、,Unit17Grammar,Five Basic Sentence Patterns,主语-系动词-表语 （SVC） 主语-动词 （SV） 主语-动词-宾语 （SVO） 主语-动词-宾语-宾语 （SVOO） 主语-动词-宾语-宾语补足语 （SVOC）,基本句型：,Direct and indirect objects（直接宾语和间接宾语）,主语+及物谓语动词+间接宾语（人）+直接宾语（事物）。,如，He brings me cookies every day. She made me a beautiful dress.,但若要先说出直接宾语（事物），后说间接宾语（人），则要借助于介词to或
2、for:,He brings cookies to me every day.She made a beautiful dress for me.,主语+及物谓语动词+直接宾语（事物）+ to/ for+间接宾语（人）。如，,双宾语,用to侧重指动作的方向，表示朝着，向着，对着某人。用for 侧重指动作的受益者，表示为了某人，替某人。,常跟双宾语的动词有：（需借助to的）：bring, give, lend, hand, offer, pass, pay, promise, read, return, send, show, teach, tell, ask,leave,mail, throw
3、, take, write,等。（需借助for 的）：build, buy, call, change, cook, choose, do, draw, envy, fetch,find, forgive,gain, get, make, order,play(演奏) sing, save, spare, win等。,带双宾语的及物动词,如果把直接宾语置于间接宾语之前,必须在变换时加“to”或“for”。这11个及物动词可以概括为下边两句话,读起来妙趣横生,效果很好。“七给”一“带”to不少,“买”“画”“制作”for来了。,说明: “七给”(give, pass, lend, write,
4、show, send, hand)和“带”(bring)8个及物动词,在直接宾语前置时,必须在后面加上“to”。即“vt. + sth. + to + sb.” 如:He lent some money to me.,巧记带双宾语的动词,“buy”(买);“draw”(画);“make”(制作)三个动词,在直接宾语前置时,则必须在后边加“for”,构成“vt. + sth. + for + sb.”。如:Mother bought a new dress for me.,DEAR MISS W巧记可跟双宾语的一组动词,有些及物动词如tell，show等，其后跟双宾语时，既可以用“及物动词间宾直
5、宾”，也可以用“及物动词直宾to间宾”结构。但有些及物动词如explain，introduce等，其后跟双宾语时，只能用“及物动词直宾to间宾”结构而不能用“及物动词间宾直宾”结构。那么如何将这类动词与其它及物动词区别开呢？瞧！可以先记住这句话：“Dear Miss W（亲爱的W小姐。）”这9个字母分别是9个符合上述用法动词的开头字母。,你能看着Dear Miss W，逐个将这9个动词写出来吗？它们是declare，explain，announce，report，murmur，introduce，say，suggest和 whisper。,为了便于将这些动词与其用法联系在一起，我们可再编一首顺
6、口溜。由于直接宾语多指物，间接宾语多指人，这里我们便有了“待（带）人接物”之说。另外，当直接宾语很长或是个从句时，我们可将其置于后面，这时间接宾语前仍需有介词to。例如：He explained the long difficult sentence to us= He explained to us the long difficult sentence,请记住下面的顺口溜：W小姐真可爱， 待人接物很特别，不论人前或人后，总是不忘把to带。,语法专项训练：P107 in Dao Yulian翻译下列各句：,1. Johnson 先生去年教我们德语。,Mr. Johnson taught us
7、 German last year.,2. 奶奶昨晚给我们讲了一个有趣的故事。,Grandma told me an interesting story last night.,3. Mary把钱包交给校长了。4. 请把那本字典递给我好吗？5. 他把车票给列车员看。6. 这个学期我已经给父母写过三封信了。,Mary handed the wallet to the schoolmaster.,Would you please pass me the dictionary?,He showed the ticket to the conductor.,This term I have writt
8、en three letters to my parents.,7. 我父亲已经给我买了一辆新自行车。8. Robinson Crusoe 给自己做了一只小船。9. 请你给我弄一本新的，好吗？10. 我替你叫辆出租汽车好吗？,My father has bought me a new bike.,Robinson Crusoe made himself a boat.,Will you please get me a new copy?,Shall I call you a taxi?,11. 新式机器将会为你节省许多劳动。,The new machine will save you a lo
9、t of labour.,Grammar: (P54)Answers to Ex. 1:,1.Please try to find that book for me.,2.I would like you to book for us a table by the window.,3.I cant wait to show these photos to my parents.,4.Has Mother left some food for us in the fridge?,5.I forgot to send a birthday card to Alice.,Answers to Ex.
10、2:,1.His mother bought him a computer.,2.Please lend one yuan to me.,3.Please give me the cheque.,4.Tom asked me to bring him an umbrella.,5.Could you tell me the time?,Answers to Ex. 3:,1.This summer my grandpa bought some books for me.,2. This summer my friends sent me short messages.,3. This summ
11、er my aunt and uncle brought candy to me.,4. This summer I taught English to my niece.,Grammar:(P126)Answers to Ex. 1:,2.My niece taught me to swim.,3.Someone offered me a job at a local recreation club.,4.They paid me 2,000 yuan a month.,5.A customer told me the news that those who are,6.I sent the
12、 local sports committee an e-mail, saying that,7.I wrote the National Sports Committee a letter about the same thing.,8.My mum showed me some pictures of the big modern city.,9.When people asked me the question why I wanted to do this,I answered, ,10.My coach brought me a bottle of water.,11.My coac
13、h gave every team member a swimming-suit.,12.People gave me many prizes.,Suggested answers to Ex. 2:,2.Here, the groom（新郎） has to pay the future father-in-law a big sum of money in order to get his permission.,3.We usually bring the family a wreath(花圈）.,4.We usually buy him or her a gift.,5.Sometime
14、s we buy them green plants or paintings.,Exercises:1.Can you explain _?A.this problem to me B.me this problemC.to me problem D.me problem2.He made a new dress_ his wife and gave it _ her on her birthday.A.to; for B.for; to C.for; for D.to; to,A,B,3.Mr. Smith apologized _ the lady _ what her son had
15、done.A.to; to B.to; for C.for; to D.for; for4.Read the letter and _ him.A.pass it on to B.pass on it toC.pass it for D.pass it on,B,A,5.Which one is not right?_A.Will you do me a favour?B.Will you do a favour for me?C.Will you do a favour to me?D.Will you do me the favour to help me with my English?
16、 6.The little boy wanted to have a book at his birthday present, but the cruel stepmother _ him his request.A.refused B.answered C.gave D.promised,C,A,7.Which of the following is not true?_A.Mr. Wang taught us physics last year.B.Mr. Wang taught our physics last year.C.Mr. Wang taught physics to us last year.D.We were taught physics by Mr. Wang by last year.,B,
