《中考复习专题介词专题ppt课件.pptx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《中考复习专题介词专题ppt课件.pptx（85页珍藏版）》请在三一办公上搜索。
1、介词专题,2019年春,介词的考点,一.表示时间介词,三.表示方位介词,二.表示地点介词,四.表示方法、手段,五.常见介词的搭配,preposition,time,place,movement,usages,介词 + 名./ 代. (宾格)/ 动词-ing,还有: in the morning, in the afternoon , in the evening _,3. in May, in summer, in 2010, in a century _,2. on March 21st, on Sunday, on Sunday morning, on a cold evening _,1
2、.at six oclock, at noon, at the age of,一.时间介词,表示具体 或 具体 at,表示在具体的 或 某一天上,下午,晚上用on,表示大于一天的时间如_,_,_,_ 用 in,在早上/下午/晚上也用 in,世纪 等,月,季节,年,1) 时间三姐妹 at, on, in,点钟,年龄,某一天,特定的,泛指,1.Spring comes _ summer.2.I go home _ 4:55 p.m. every day.,2）时间的前后 before, after,在之后,在之前,before,after,3) 时间的起点 from, since,从(起),自以来
3、,1.We study at school _ Monday to Friday.2._ eight years ago, I have worked in Longtou .,from,Since,4) 时间的期间 for, during,for +,一段时间,(做某事)多久,在期间,during +,一段时间,A: I was born _ Childrens Day.,C: I was born _ June,1994.,in,on,考点练习,B: I was born _the morning of September 1st,1993.,on,年、月、季节及上午、下午、晚上,具体某一
4、天、星期、某一天的上午、下午、晚上,时刻、夜里、中午,in + 时间段 在之后（内）多用于一将来时after +时间段 在之后，多用于一过过去时 Mr. Brown has gone to Canada. He will be back in two weeks. Our manager came back after an hour.,1. He came here _ 1992, and he has lived here _ 1992. A. in, for B. in , since C. since, since D.for ,since2.I have known Li Lei _
5、 over five years. A. in B. since C. for D.during,for + 时间段 ,since + 时间点表示持续一段时间，多用于现完时,1. Mary is flying to France soon. She will arrive in Paris _ the morning of July 9. A. on B. in C. at2. The twins were born _ a Friday evening. A. in B. on C. at3. We travelled overnight to Paris and arrived _5 oc
6、lock _ the morning. A. on, in B. at, in C. at, in4. We finish our lessons _ 11:30 and then have a rest _ noon. A. in , in B. at ,at C. in, at,常考的短语,1.在岁时 _ the age of 2. 有时 _ times3.开始,在起初 _ the beginning of 4. 此刻 _ the moment = now 5.从到 _6.下课/放学/下班后 _class/school/work8.过了一会儿_ a while,at,at,at,at,fr
7、om,to,after,after,on Teachers Dayon a hot afternoonon Sunday morndayon June 24 , 2017on her birthdayon that dayon the morning of June 25.on Wednesday,on 常用短语,3. in the box, on the chair, under the desk, next to Kate, on the right of Lucy, in front of the house, behind the door _,2.in Shanghai , in t
8、he country, in Asia, in the world, in space _,1.at the village , at home, at the corner of the street _,二. 表示地点,方位的介词,在 地方用at,在 地方用in,同位置用具体,小,大,不同的介词,in 在某范围之内 to 在某范围之外 on 与某地相邻、接壤 1.China lies _the east of Asia and _the north of Australia. A. in, on B. in ,to C. to, in 2.Vietnan is _the south of
9、China. A. in B. on C. to,方位介词,地点介词,1.on 在的上面,与表面接触 over 在的正上方,不接触表面 under 在下面(是on, over的反义词)1.Look!There is a bridge _the river. A. on B. over C. above2.Can you see the egg _ the plate? A. on B. in C. over3.The light_ us is very bright. A. over B. under C. on,三组表示位置关系的介词比较 B is _ the east of A.D is
10、_ the east of A.C is _ the east of A.1. Japan is _ the east of Asia.2. Japan is _ the east of China.3. Korea is _ the northeast of China.,north,south,west,east,A,B,C,D,in,to,on,in,to,on,2. above 在上方 below 在下方,是above的反义词1. The temperature will fall_ zero at night. A. below B. above C. over2.Suddenly
11、there is a loud voice _ the tree. A. below B. above C. on3.There is a clock on the wall. Its _ the blackboard. A. on B. in C. above,3. in + 大地方 at + 小地方 on +门牌，某层楼1.My uncle live _ F12 _the fifth floor. A. at, on B. in, on C. on, at2.They arrived _Beijing at 12:00 and waited for a bus _ the station
12、to the hotel. A. at, in B. in, on C. in, at,The boy is _ (在树上),in the tree,on the tree,There is a red apple_ (在树上),树上长出来的东西 ,用 on,不属于树本身的东西,用 in,1.in 和on,2.go through 和 go across,go through the forest,指从物体空间内穿过.,Task 3: Run quickly!,through,across,up,down,over,round,Prepositions of movement 运动介词,横穿,
13、从内部穿过,The policeman is helping the old man _ the street,go across,从物体表面穿过,2.go through 或 go across,across 表面穿过 through 中间穿过 1.The sunshine come into the room _ the window. A. across B. through C. past 2.You can go _ the road here. A. across B. through C. past 3.Can you swim _ the river. A. across B.
14、 through C. past,across搭配的词：street , bridge , road, river , ocean等through搭配的词：door, gate , window, avenue , park , forest , traffic lights; tunnel 等,up 表示“向上”,其反义词 down 表示“向下”。,along 表示“沿着” 。,into 表示进入的过程; onto 为放上去的过程; out of 为“在外部” 。,over 表示“越过,跨过”。,Conclusion:,from 表示“ 从,自”;to 表示“向,往,到” 。,off 表示“
15、脱离,不触及”。,round 表示“环绕,围绕”。,1.Millie is walking _ the road. (沿着)2.Simon is swimming _ the pool. (横穿)3.Eddie is jumping _ the chair. (越过)4.A train is going _ the tunnel. (穿过) 5.Kitty is climbing _ the hill. (向上)6.Amy is walking _ the sofa _ the window. (从.到.)7.Sandy is going _ the library. (去) 8.Gogo i
16、s walking _ the table. (环绕着),Fill in the blanks:,along,through,across,over,up,from,to,to,round,The man is standing _the two women.,Miss Li is standing _ the students.,3. between 和 among,between,among,在两者之间,在三者或者三者以上之间,1.between 在两者之间 among 在当中（三者或以上） during 在期间 1.Some supermarkets open _ 8:30 and 8:
17、00 p.m._ the Mid-Autumn Day. A. at, during B. between, during C. between, in D.among , in 2.They lived _ the mountains in the past. A. among B. between C. during 3.Dont sit _ the two girls. A. among B. between C. during,4. in front of 和 in the front of,The man is _the car.,in front of,The girl is _
18、the car.,in the front of,在(外部的)前面,在(内部的)前面,in front of 是在物体外部的前面 例如: 教室前有个花园。There is a garden in front of the classroom.,in the front of 是在物体内部的前面 例如: 教室前有张桌子。There is a desk in the front of the classroom.,5. 表方位 in ,on, to 1) Chongzuo lies _the southwest of China. ( )2) Guangxi lies _the west of G
19、uangdong.( )3) Japan lies _the east of China.( ),in,to,on,在中国范围内,两地无接壤,两地有接壤,1.在广州 _ Guangzhou 2.在电影院 _ the cinema3.树上的苹果 apples _ the tree4.树上的小鸟 birds _ the tree5.在农场上 _ the farm,in,at,in,on,on,地点介词练一练,表示工具或手段的介词：by, with, on,1. by用某种方式，多用于交通。如by bus乘公共汽车， by e-mail. 通过电子邮件。 注意：表示搭乘交通工具时，用by时不用冠词，
20、用in时要用冠词。 请比较： I went there by bus/on a bus. 我是坐公共汽车去的那儿。 2. with表示“用某种工具”。如： He broke the window with a stone. 他用石头把玻璃砸坏了。 注意：with表示用某种工具时，必须用冠词或物主代词。3. on表示“以方式”，多用于固定词组。 They talked on the telephone. 他们通过电话进行交谈。 She learns English on the radio/TV. 她通过收音机/电视学英语。,方式介词 之 in的用法,1.We talk in English.,
21、(使)用某种语言,用汉语: in Chinese,2. You can solve this problem in this way.,in this way,用这种方式,in different ways,用不同的方式, 用的方式,3. My sister is in red. The woman in a yellow dress is my mother. _,in +服装,颜色 表示,穿什么颜色的衣服,用日语: in Japanese,3. in English , in French , in your own words, in three languages _4. in a l
22、oud voice, in a low voice _5. in this way, in these ways , by this means _,使用语言用介词 in,使用声音用介词 in,使用方法用介词 in 或 by,3. With the money, they built some schools in the poor area. _,方式介词,之 with 的用法,“使用”的意思,1.We see with our eyes and hear with our ears._, 使用人体器官做某事,2.Chinese usually eat with chopsticks ._,
23、使用某一工具,使用(利用)某材料(金钱等),方式介词,之 by 的用法,We go to school by bike/bus/car/ ship/plane _,by常接 ,表示通过某种方式做某事.,I talk with my friends by sending e-mail. _,通过某种手段或方式,注意: 步行是 _. 在表达”乘”时,还可用介词on/in.,on foot,by bus=,on a/the bus,by bike =,on a/ the/ ones bike,by plane=,on a /the plane,by car=,in a /the /ones car,
24、交通工具,表方式、方法、手段,1. in 用材料、语言2. with 用工具、某物3. by 用方式、方法、手段 1.My mother often go to work _ bike. A. in B. on C. by 2.If you are able to get the tickets tomorrow, please tell me _ phone. A. through B. by C. on,3.The teacher is writing on the paper _ red ink and the blackboard _a piece of chalk. A. with,
25、 with B. in ,with C. with ,in4.Can you say it _ English? A. in B. with C. by5.You can get some information _ the computer. A. in B. on C. by D.with,表示计量的介词：at, for, by,1. at表示“以速度”“以价格”。如： It flies at about 900 kilometers an hour. I sold my car at a high price. 2. for表示“用交换，以为代价”。如： He sold his car
26、for 500 dollars. 注意：at表示单价(price) ，for表示总钱数。3. by表示“以计”，后跟度量单位。如： They paid him by the month. 他们按月给他计酬。 Here eggs are sold by weight. 在这里鸡蛋是按重量卖的。,表示材料的介词：of, from, in,1. of成品仍可看出原料。如： This box is made of paper. 这个盒子是纸做的。 2. from成品已看不出原料。如： Wine is made from grapes. 葡萄酒是葡萄酿成的。 3. in表示用某种材料或语言。如： Ple
27、ase fill in the form in pencil first. 请先用铅笔填 写这个表格。 They talk in English. 他们用英语交谈。注意：in指用材料,不用冠词；而with指用工具，要用冠词。draw in pencil / draw with a pencil。,表示关于的介词：of, about, on,1. of仅是提到或谈到过某人或某事。如： He spoke of the film the other day. 他前几天提到了这部影片。2. about指“关于”某人或某事物的较详细的情况。 Can you tell me something about
28、 yourself? 你能告诉我一些关于你自己的事情吗？ He thought about this matter yesterday. 他昨天考虑了这件事。3. on指“关于”学术性的或严肃的事。如： Its a textbook on the history of china. 它是一本有关中国历史的教科书。,表原因或理由的介词：for, at, from, of, with, by, because of,1. for表示原因，常： I am sorry for what I said to you. 我后悔不该对你讲那些话。2. at指情感变化的原因，意为“因听到或看到而”。如： He
29、 was surprised at the news. 听到这消息他大吃一惊。 3. from指“外在的原因”，如受伤、车祸等。如： He died from the wound. 他因受伤而致死。 4. of指“内在的原因”，如病、饿等。如： The old man died of hunger. 老人死于饥饿。,5. with指生理上或情感上的由外界到内心的原因。如： Hearing the news, he jumped with joy. 他们听到这个消息，欣喜若狂。 He was shaking with anger. 他气得浑身发抖。 6. by表示外部的，尤其是暴力的或无意中造成
30、某种结果的原因。 Her body was hurt by accident. 他因年老背弯了。 She took your umbrella by mistake. 我因弄错拿了你的雨伞。 7. because of 表示引起结果的直接原因。如： He retired last month because of illness / because he ill.,8. thanks to表示引起某种幸运结果的原因，常译为“幸亏，多亏”。常与人连用；如： Thanks to John, we won the game. 多亏约翰，我们才赢了这场比赛。,表示好像或当作的介词：like, as,1
31、. like表示“像一样”，其实不是。如： Peter the Great, like his country, was strong and proud. 彼得大帝像他的国家一样强健和自豪。 2. as表示“作为，以身份”，其实也是。如： He talked to me as a father. 他以父亲的身份跟我谈话。 注：as作连词时，可表示“好像”。如：The work is not so difficult as you imagine.这工作不像你想像的那么困难。,表示支持或反对的介词：against, for,against 反对，for 支持，互为反义词。如：Are you f
32、or my idea or against it? 你赞同还是反对我的想法？,表示除某人某物外的介词：besides, except,except通常与表示全体的all, every连用； 若与other连用，只能用besides。如：He had other people to take care of besides me. 除我之外,他还要照顾别人。 (B) except是排除同类；而except for是排除非同类，常在说明基本情况The composition is very good except for a few spelling mistakes. 除了几处拼写错误之外，这篇
33、作文整体还是不错的。(作文与拼写错误是非同类的) 但except for也可代替except，特别是在句首时，因为except是不能用于句首的。如： Except George, you can all go. 除乔治外，你们都可以去。,2.except 除之外，不包括 besides 除之外，还包括 1.Everyone passed the exam _ Tom. A. besides B. except C. for 2. _ Mr Li, five teachers went to the meeting. A. Besides B. Except C. Beside,表示除某人某物外
34、的介词：besides, except,1.besides包括后面所提人或物在内的“除外，还”如：Thirty students went to the cinema besides him. 除他以外，还有30个学生去看了电影。 (他和另外30人都去了) He is interested in tennis besides（=as well as）football. 除了足球，他还对网球感兴趣。 2. except是指不包括后面所提人或物在内的“除去”。 Everyone is excited except me. 除我以外的每个人都很激动。（他们激动，而我却不激动） All the vis
35、itors are Japanese except him. 除他以外的所有游客都是日本人。（其他人是日本人，可他不是）,1.We could not make great progress in our English _ our teachers help.2.I paid one hundred _ the English-Chinese dictionary. 3.He spends about two hours _ his homework every day.4.He didnt go to school because _ illness. 5.If they dont giv
36、e us candies, we will play a trick _ them.,Fill in the blanks:,without,of,for,on,on,没有的帮助,付款,在上花费,因为,对恶作剧,Correct:,1. In the beginning of the film, there was a party. 2.Guangdong province is on the east of China. 3. There is an old stone bridge above the river.4. She hid herself after the tree. 5. A
37、lice visited the old man in Sunday afternoon.6. Shell leave London to China.,on,for,At,behind,over,in,6.He suddenly returned _. (在一个寒冷的雨夜)7.More and more people like to sleep _. (窗户开着)8.He will be back _.(三天后),Fill in the blanks:,in three days,on a cold rainy day,with the windows open,Multiple choic
38、e:,1. Wheres Alice? We are all here _ her. A. besides B. about C. except D. with2. She sent her friend a card a present. A. on B. as C. for D. of3. The film is directed _ Tim Burton. A. to B. for C. as D. by 4. Alice was late _ the party. A. for B. to C. with D. of5. She had been waiting _ 10 years.
39、 A. with B. for C. of D. at6. Alice is the girl _ blue. A. with B. of C. in D. on,_,be made of 从成品上看得出的材料be made from从成品上看不出的原料be made in产地be made by制造者It is said that this kind of cloth is made of silk and it is made in China.据说这种布料是由丝绸制成的并且由中国制造。This wine is made from grapes.这酒是葡萄酿的。This machine i
40、s made by Uncle Wang.这机器是王伯伯制造的。,含介词的常见固定搭配,介词和动词的固定搭配。(1)同一动词和不同介词的搭配：look at (看) look for(找)look after(照顾) look over(检查)look out of (朝外面看)look (a)round(环视)arrive in大地方(到达)arrive at小地方(到达)hear of (听说)hear from(收到的来信)spend钱on sth.(花钱做某事)spend时间(in) doing sth.(花时间做某事),(2)同一介词和不同动词的搭配：ask for (要求)leav
41、e for (动身去)send for (派人去请)pay for (付钱)wait for (等待)agree with sb (同意某人)begin with (以开始)help with (在方面帮助)catch up with (赶上)get on/along with (与相处)make friends with (与交朋友),(3)其他的介词和动词的搭配：listen to (听)come from (来自)fall off (从上摔下)try out (试验)knock at/on (敲)prefer.to. (比起来还是好)learn by oneself (自学)take c
42、are of (照顾)stop.(from)doing (阻止做)help oneself to食物 (随便吃)get to (到达)Thanks to (多亏，由于),介词和形容词的常见搭配：be good at (在方面好)be weak in (在方面差)be good for (对有好处)be bad for (对有坏处)be late for (迟到)be sorry for (为遗憾，抱歉)be full of (充满)be busy with (忙于)be angry with (对某人生气)be afraid of (害怕)be interested in (对感兴趣)be d
43、ifferent from (与不同)be strict with sb. in sth.(在某事上对某人严格)be fond of (喜爱),1.害怕2.对惊讶3.生气4.对兴奋5.对满意6.以著名7.充满了8.擅长9.对感兴趣10.迟到11.与不同,be afraid of,be amazed at,be angry with,be excited about,be pleased with,be famous for,be filled with,be good at,be interested in,介词短语,be late for,be different from,hear fro
44、m set up hold on send uphurry up stop sb. from doing sth.knock at/on take /out/offlaugh at take part inlisten to think about,look after/at/for/up/out try ontake care of turn on/offmake friends with wait forpay for wake upput on/up write downput sth. down worry about,5.be made of be made in be made f
45、rom be made by6.be used for be used as be used by used to7.go on go on doing sth go on to do sth go on with sth,由什么材料组成,在哪里制造,由什么构成,由什么人制造,被用来做什么,被当作什么来使用,由什么人来用,过去常常做某事,继续,接着做同一件事,继续做不同的事,接着做相同的事,五、易混淆介词及词组归类1、in after He will be back three oclock. He will be back in a few minutes. He came back aft
46、er three days.2 in the east of （内含）根据数学中两圆关系的判断 to the east of （相离） on the east of （外切） 3 in the tree （表示树上不能生长的东西） on the tree （表示能在树上生长的东西） 4 in the wall （在墙的表面） on the wall （在墙的内部）,after,段时间，与将来时连用，表过一段时间之后,段时间，与过去时连用，表过一段时间之后,点时间，与将来时连用，表多少时间之后,Test yourself!,1.There is a good play_TV this eveni
47、ng. A. on B. by C. in D. with2. How far is it _ Guangzhou_Beijing? A. fromto B. fromfor C. awayto D.in , in 3. Japan lies _the east of China. A. to B. in C. on D.of4. Mr. Brown has gone to Canada. He will be back _two weeks. A. for B. after C. in D.during5. A: What time did you get there this mornin
48、g? B: _ eight. A. In B. At C. On D.For,6.-Frank, when will the short meeting begin? -You should come _2:30 .If you come 10 minutes _that time ,the meeting will be over.A. at; before B. at; after C. after; before7.It is important _ us students to make a plan _ our studies before a new term starts. A.
49、 for, for B. of, for C. to, of D. with, on8. Marie Curie, the first woman to win the Nobel Prize, was born _November,1867,in the city of Warsaw in Poland. A. atB. on C. inD. to,9. Peter, can you tell me the differences _ the four words? -Sorry, I dont know.A. between B. among C. for D.with10.The lit
50、tle elephant is afraid to go alone. He always walks _his mother.A. besideB. behindC. below D. under11.Its very nice _you _ my parents your best wishes. A. of; sending B. of; to send C. for; to sendD. for; sending,12. Please leave 6: 00, then youll be able to get there time. A. till; in B. after; on
