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1、中考英语语法九动词及动词短语,考点一 常见易混动词辨析1spend/pay/cost/take表示“花费”,Mom never spends any money on herself.妈妈从来都不在自己身上花钱。May I borrow 12 yuan from you? Ill pay it back next week.你能借给我12块钱吗？我下周还你。It wont cost you a penny for the first six months.开始的六个月你不用花一分钱。It took them three years to build this road.他们用三年时间修完了这条
2、路。,2look/watch/see/read 表示“看”,look可以表示“看上去”，是感官系动词，后接形容词。看病(看医生)用see a doctor表示。,3speak/say/talk/tell表示“说”,4.感官系动词look/taste/sound/feel/smell,5.borrow/lend/keep表示“借”,6.hope/wish/expect,7.forget/leave,8.hear/listen/sound,9.wear/put on/dress/be in,10.reach/get/arrive,1(2018广东普宁模拟)I dont know the resta
3、urant, but its to be quite a good one.Asaid Btold Cspoken Dtalked,2(2018广西贵港港南二模)How much money did he you yesterday?500 yuan. I told him I would return it to him in three weeks.Agive Bborrow Clend Dmake,3(2018山东东营广饶模拟)I really enjoy the fresh fish soup in Lanhai International Hotel. It delicious.Af
4、eels Bsounds Csmells Dtastes,4(2018甘肃定西中考改编)I cant find my English textbook.Is it possible that you it at home?Alost Bsaw Cleft Dforgot,考点二 动词短语辨析常考的动词短语辨析有三种：第一种是同一动词的不同搭配；第二种是同一副词或介词与不同动词的搭配；第三种是完全不同的动词短语。,1同一动词的不同搭配(1)look短语look after照料；照顾look at看look for寻找；寻求look forward to盼望；期待look out注意；当心；向外看
5、look through快速查看；浏览look up(在词典、参考书中或通过电脑)查阅；抬头看look up to钦佩；仰慕,(2)cut短语cut down砍倒cut off切除cut out删除；删去cut up切碎(3)run短语run after追逐；追赶run away跑开run out (of)用尽；耗尽,(4)turn短语turn down调低turn up调高turn. into变成turn on接通(电流、煤气、水等)；打开turn off关掉turn left/right向左/右转,(5)take短语take after(外貌或行为)像take care of照顾；处理ta
6、ke down拆除；往下拽；记录take in吸入；吞入(体内)take off脱下；起飞take place发生；出现take up (尤指为消遣)学着做；开始做,(6)get短语get dressed穿上衣服get into陷入；参与get lost迷路get off下车get on 上车get on with与相处get up起床；站起,(7)use短语be/get used to习惯于be used to do被用来做used to曾经；过去,(8)give短语give away赠送；捐赠give out分发；散发give up放弃give in屈服give off发出(光、气味等)；
7、长出(枝、杈等),(9)call短语call (sb.) back(给某人)回电话call in召来；叫来call up打电话给(某人)；征召,(10)come短语come true实现；成为现实come up with想出；提出(主意、计划、回答等),(11)bring短语bring back恢复；使想起；归还bring out使显现；使表现出bring up养育；抚养,(12)fall短语fall asleep进入梦乡；睡着fall down突然倒下；跌倒；倒塌fall in love with爱上；喜欢上fall over绊倒,(13)go短语go along (the street)
8、沿着(这条街)走go off (闹钟)发出响声go out外出(娱乐),(14)make短语make sure确保；查明make up编造(故事、谎言等)make a decision做决定make fun of取笑make use of利用,(15)put短语put on增加(体重)；发胖put off推迟put up搭建；举起；张贴put away收拾(整理)好put sth. to good use好好利用某物put out熄灭(16)set短语set out出发；启程set up建起；建立,2同一副词或介词与不同动词的搭配(1)up短语cheer up(使)变得更高兴；振奋起来clea
9、n up打扫(或清除)干净dress up装扮；乔装打扮end up最终成为；最后处于,fix up修理；装饰grow up长大；成熟hurry up赶快；急忙pick up捡起；接电话show up赶到；露面stay up熬夜wake up醒；叫醒,(2)out短语blow out吹灭check out察看；观察clear out清理；丢掉find out查明；弄清hand out分发hang out闲逛；常去某处lay out摆开；布置leave out不包括；不提及；忽略sell out卖光work out成功地发展；解决,(3)down短语die down逐渐变弱；逐渐消失let. d
10、own使失望lie down躺下pull. down拆下；摧毁look down瞧不起write down写下；记录下,(4)with短语agree with同意；赞成compare. with比较；对比connect. with.把和连接或联系起来deal with应付；处理share with分享part with放弃、交出(尤指不舍得的东西),3完全不同的动词词组ask for请求；恳求(给予)care for照顾；非常喜欢believe in信任；信赖care about关心；在意clean. off把擦掉depend on依靠；信赖,divide. into把分开separate f
11、rom分开；分离hear from接到(某人的)信、电话等throw away扔掉；抛弃drop by顺便访问；随便进入stick to坚持；固守pay attention to注意；关注pass by路过；经过pay for付费；付出代价,repare for.为做准备pull together齐心协力；通力合作shut off关闭；停止运转take sb.s place代替、替换某人的位置think of认为,1(2018山东临沂费县一模)In a basketball game, its very important for the players to play together an
12、d the best in each other.Ahand out Bbring outCtake out Dleave out,2(2018黑龙江哈尔滨道外模拟改编)One of the biggest problems for me is procrastination(拖延症). What should I do? what you need to do first, and go for it today.AWatch out BWork outCWear out DLook out,3(2018湖北丹江口3月诊断)Be careful not to the letter “b” w
13、hen you spell the word “climb”Thank you for reminding me of that.Alay out Bleave outCbring out Dfind out,4(2018江苏常州常熟一模)Excuse me, sir. But smoking is not allowed here.Sorry, I didnt see the sign. Ill my cigarette(香烟) at once.Aput out Bput awayCput up Dput off,5(2018湖北襄阳中考)Mom, can I leave the chore
14、s till tomorrow?Im afraid not. You cant todays work till tomorrow.Aput off Bturn downCgive away Dlook up,6(2018湖北宜昌中考)Were not supposed to those who failed.No one can be a winner all the time.Aturn out Blaugh atCspread out Dshare with,考点三 情态动词,1.情态动词的过去式与原形相比，表示更委婉的语气。2mustnt表示否定意义，意为“禁止，不允许”。3have
15、to有人称、数和时态的变化，表示受客观条件限制，意为“不得不”。She has to take the bus to work.她不得不坐公共汽车去上班。,4“May.？”句式的肯定回答是“Yes, .can.”，否定回答是“No, .cant.”。“Must.？”句式的肯定回答是“Yes, .must.”，否定回答是“No, .neednt./.dont have to.”。,1(2018内蒙古通辽中考)Where are you going for your summer holidays? I go to Dalian. I havent decided.Amay Bneed Cmust
16、 Dmustnt,2(2018江苏盐城中考)Look, little Jim is swimming so fast. I believe my eyes.Ashouldnt Bcant Cmustnt Dneednt,3(2018江苏泰州中考)To keep children away from danger during the coming summer holiday, parents give them some safety tips.Ashould Bmay Ccould Dmight,4(2018福建中考改编)Must I hand in the survey on the u
17、se of bicyclesharing right now?No, you Aneednt Bcant Cshouldnt Dmustnt,5(2018广东中考)Yuan Longping, a famous Chinese scientist, is now doing research on sea rice.If farmers start planting rice in salty water. Chinas food supply will surely rise.Acan Bcant Cmust Dmustnt,考点四 系动词/助动词(六年未考，只做了解1系动词本身没有词义，不能单独作谓语，只能和表语一起构成谓语，说明主语的身份、性质、特征等。,2.助动词be,助动词be主要用来表示各种时态和被动语态。,3助动词do,有人称和时态的变化，主要用来构成谓语是实意动词的句子的否定句、疑问句或对谓语动词进行强调。Do you know China well？你很了解中国吗？Did your father call you yesterday？你爸爸昨天给你打电话了吗？,4助动词have,与过去分词构成各种时态。You havent been abroad before, have you？你以前没出过国，是不是？,
