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1、介词用法,一.介词1.定义：介词又叫前置词，不能独立做句子成分。（虚词中的一种）,2.表示方位的介词。 1)用at ,in, on, to，for 填空 Eg: Peter leaves ( ) Shanghai . for 表示到( leave for ),for,练习：We arrive ( )a village. at (1)表示在小地方; 练习:We sit ( )the table . at (2)表示“在附近，旁边”,at,at,练习： He arrives ( ) Shanghai . in (1)表示 在大地方练习： Shanghai lies ( ) the east of
2、China. 表示“在范围之内”,in,in,练习： Canada lies( ) the north of America.(2)The book is ( )the desk. on 表示接壤，“在上面” 有接触的。,on,on,练习： Japan lies ( ) the east of China. to 表示在范围外，不强调是否接壤；或“到”,to,2)above, over, on 在上 above 指在上方,不强调是否垂直，与 below相对； Eg: The bird is flying above my head. Eg: Please write your name bel
3、ow the line., over指垂直的上方,与under相对,但over与物体有一定的空间，不直接接触。 Eg: There is a bridge over the river. Eg: There is a cat under the table., on表示某物体上面并与之接触。on 与beneath相对。 Eg: He put his watch on the desk.Eg: His coat is beneath the desk .,3)in front of, in the front of在前面 练习：房子前面有些花卉。 There are some flowers i
4、n front of the house.in front of “在前面” （物体外部), 反义词是behind,练习：我们的教室前边有一块黑板。 There is a blackboard in the front of our classroom.in the front of “在.的前部”,(物体内部).反义词是at the back of,4) by / beside / near 表示在附近(填空)练习：The children are planting trees ( )the river .by 通常表示在河边，岸边,by,near 在附近Eg: He sits near t
5、he window .beside 在旁边Eg: He is beside Helen .(同)Eg: He is next to Helen .next to = beside,5) between , among 在之间练习：用between , among 填空There is a desk ( ) Peter and Helen .b. There are some problems ( )us .,between,among,among 表示三者或三者以上between 表示两者之间,6) across ,through 穿过练习：用across ，through填空An old g
6、ranny walk ( ) the road .The boy is running ( ) the forest .,across,through,穿过,across物体表面穿过,through物体内部穿过,7) in / into 表示进入内练习: He works ( )a hospital .练习: They go ( )a shop for clothes.in 在之内（侧重状态）into 进入里(侧重动作或变化),into,in,8) on / onto 在上练习: They live ( )the 15th floor .练习: They lift the baskets (
7、)the truck . on 在上 表示位置,侧重状态 onto 在上 表示位置的改变,on,onto,2.表示时间的介词 1)in , on，at 在时 用in , on , at 填空。He was born ( ) April.(2)He takes a walk ( ) the morning .,in,in,(3)I often fly kites ( ) Spring .(4)People wear blue coats ( )the 1980s.(5)( ) the 18th century , we have color TV.,in,In,in,in表示较长时间，如世纪、朝
8、代、时代、年、季节、月及一般（非特指）的早、中、晚等。,练习: I have five classes ( ) Monday .(2) I was born ( ) March 20th .,on,on,(3) I met Tom ( ) a cold morning .(4) We climb mountains ( ) May 1st .,on,on,具体日期，星期，当morning ,afternoon ,evening 前有修饰词时用on,练习：I sleep ( ) noon .(2) He often watches TV ( ) night .(3) He is doing hi
9、s homework ( ) the moment .,at,at,at,(4) We give each other presents ( ) Christmas.(5) I get up ( ) 5:00 every day .,at,at,具体时刻前用at , at noon , at night , at the moment , at present ,at Christmas , at Easter,练习：I go to school ( ) every Monday .(2) I bought a book ( ) last Monday .(3) I will go to Da
10、lian ( ) next Monday .,X,X,X,在last, next, this, that, some, every 等词之前一律不用介词。,2)in, after 在之后 in +段时间，表示将来的一段时间以后 Eg: I ( )(go) to Beijing in two days.in two days 用于一般将来时，表示之后,will go,练习： I will go to Beijing in two days . How soon will you go to Beijing ?将来时中，对in +段时间划线提问用how soon .,after +段时间Eg: A
11、fter ten days hard working ,we finished the work at last .3)since ,for ,from to ，in , during表示段时间,练习：用since，for, in, during fromto填空1.I have lived here ( )three years ago .2. I have lived here ( )three years .,since,for, since + 过去的点时间，通常用于现在完成时 for + 段时间，通常用于现在完成时3. I work ( ) 7 ( ) 9 today.from to
12、 从到,from,to,4. I went travelling ( ) my holiday .5. I have been travelling ( ) my holiday . in 在期间 during在期间(强调从开始到最后).,in,during,4) till / until 到为止练习： 1.你最好卧床到明天。You had better stay in bed until / till tomorrow .until 可以放句首 till 不能放在句首,2.昨晚我直到十一点才睡觉。I didnt go to bed until eleven last night .not u
13、ntil 直到才,介词专项练习一选择填空：1Mrs. Brown came to China _ 1996.Afrom Bof Cto DIn2Both Mr. Green and Mrs. Green were born _ June, 1956.Ain Bat Con Dfor,D,A,3Li Lei often gets up _ seven oclock on Sundays.Aon Bin Cat Dfor4They arrived early _ a Tuesday morning.Aon Bat Cin Dof,C,A,5Macao（澳门）will return to our m
14、otherland _ December 20th, 1999. A. on B. at C. in D. for,A,6-When were you born? -I was born _ August 25, 1983. A. on B. in C. at D. to,A,7The visitors _ Japan arrived _ Beijing Station last Tuesday morning. A. from; at B. of; to C. from; to D. of; on,A,8The teacher will be back _ an hour.A. in B.
15、after C. on,A,9This programme was sent to the USA _ China _ satellite.A. in; of B. of; in C. from; by D. by; from,C,10He got many gifts his birthday his friends. on, from B. in, of C. at, to D. from, for ,A,11The classroom is quite different that one. of B. from C. with D. like12Look, youll see a br
16、idge the riveron B. above C. over D. in,C,B,二、用适当的介词填空1Whats wrong _ your watch? 2One _ the students is in the classroom.,with,of,3I think the shop is closed _ this time of day.4My father teaches English _ a school.,at,at,5We have lunch _ the middle of the day. 6You can buy some school things _ your
17、 way home.,in,on,7I was born _ July 1, 1982.8May I borrow a pencil _ you?,on,from,9Dont sleep _ the open air.10Whats the time? Its half _ seven.,in,past,11He is sitting _ the front of the car. 12The eraser was passed _ one student _ another.,in,from,to,13Did you live _ Beijing in 1997?14When did you
18、 arrive _ the village?,in,at,15I think Mary is _ duty today.16The student is asking his teacher _ the sports meeting.,on,to,17The farmers are all getting ready _ the next year.18The radio says the wind will stop later _ the day.,for,in,19Harerbin is _ the north of China.20The day _ tomorrow will be
19、windy.,in,after,三、选介词填空 across, in, by, on, till, for, over, with, under, into, to, at, of 1The boat is passing ( )the bridge. 2They worked from morning night.,under,till,3There is a bridge ( )the river. 4The girls were swimming the river at that time. 5The boys jumped ( )the lake.,over,across,into,6Will you please help me my English? 7The children often play the playground.8.The girl is good( )the computer.,with,on,at,9Youd better make the best use your time.10I met my headmaster my way school.,of,to,on,11I often go to school bike.12We have studied English ( )several years.,by,for,
