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1、必修三 Unit 4 Discovering Useful Structures动词不定式做定语和状语,必修三 Unit 4 Discovering Useful,不定式作定语,语法精讲：,不定式作定语语法精讲：,不定式及其短语作定语，一般都放在被修饰的词之后，通常表示一个将来的动作，有时也可以表示某一过去的特定动作。,意义不定式及其短语作定语，一般都放在被修饰的词之后，通常表,例：1. Id like to have a few books to read during the trip. 我想有几本书在旅途中阅读。 2. The question to be discussed at th
2、e meeting is very important. 将在会议上讨论的那个问题非常重要。,(1) 常表示将来的动作,典例精析例：1. Id like to have a fe,例：1. He is always the first to arrive at the school and the last to leave. 他总是第一个到校，最后一个离校。 2. Women and children were the first to get into the lifeboats. 妇女和儿童是第一批上救生艇的人。,(2)不定式用来修饰被序数词、最高级或no，all，any等限定的中心词，
3、且与中心词之间为逻辑上的主谓关系。,典例精析例：1. He is always the firs,例：1. The ability to express an idea is as important as the idea itself. 表达观点的能力与观点本身同等重要。 2. I was disappointed at his refusal to attend the opening ceremony. 我对他拒绝参加开幕式感到很失望。,(3)不定式用来修饰抽象名词ability,chance,idea,fact,excuse等。,典例精析例：1. The ability to exp
4、res,作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后面须有相应的介词。,例：1. The Browns have a comfortable house to live in. 2. Here is some paper for you to write on.,特别提醒,典例精析作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名,1. Could you give us something (eat)? We are very hungry.,解析：不定式作定语置于被修饰的词后面，与所修饰的词之间为动宾关系，表示将来的动作。,语法填空。,
5、考点追击,to eat,1. Could you give us something,2. In my family, my mother is always the first one (get) up.,解析：中心词被序数词the first修饰，且get与中心词之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，用不定式作定语。,to get,2. In my family, my mother is,3. Lets find a clean room to put our luggage .,解析：不定式在句中作定语，修饰room，put为不及物动词，后面要加介词。构成短语put sth. in somewher
6、e。,in,3. Lets find a clean room to,不定式作状语,语法精讲：,不定式作状语语法精讲：,动词不定式在句中作状语, 主要用来修饰动词和形容词, 也可用来修饰副词。,在句中, 不定式可作目的状语、结果状语、原因状语、方式状语等。,意义动词不定式在句中作状语, 主要用来修饰动词和形容词,含义为“为了”，可以单独放在句首、句中或句末；如果强调目的性，不定式前也可加in order或so as。,例： 1. To pass the college entrance exam, we must work hard. 2. He promised to make all ef
7、forts in order to/so as to help us.,(1) 作目的状语,不能用于句首,用法1含义为“为了”，可以单独放在句首、句中或句末；例： 1,常表示令人意外的结果，通常放在句末。,例：1. He woke up to find himself alone in the house. 2. He went back home, only to find his house had been broken into.,(2) 作结果状语,加强语气,用法2常表示令人意外的结果，通常放在句末。例：1. He w,常用结构：主语(人)系动词形容词/过去分词to do,例：We
8、were astonished to find the temple still in its original condition.,(3) 作原因状语,说明产生这种情绪的原因,用法3常用结构：主语(人)系动词形容词/过去分词to,常用结构：主语(物)系动词形容词to do,例：The morning air is so good to breathe that he gets up early every day.,(3) 作原因状语。,主动形式表示被动意义,用法3常用结构：主语(物)系动词形容词to do例：,例：1. He opened his mouth as if to say s
9、omething. 2. She lifts his hand as if to lead him somewhere.,(4) 作方式状语：主要用于as if to do sth结构,用法4例：1. He opened his mouth as,1. (be) a winner, you need to give all you have and try your best.,解析：句意：要想获胜，你必面要倾其所有，全力以赴。不定式位于句首作目的状语。,语法填空。,考点追击,To be,1. (be) a,2. I arrived at the shop only (find) Id left all my money at home.,解析：不定式表示意料之外的结果，和only连用。,to find,2. I arrived at the shop only,3. He felt only too pleased (hear) from you further.,解析：不定式在句中作原因状语，用于结构：主语(人)系动词形容词/过去分词to do。,to hear,3. He felt only too pleased,Bye-bye!,Bye-bye!,
