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1、高三语法复习之,情态动词（七个考点）,常用的情态动词,can （could）may（might）shall（should）will （would） must（must）dare （dared）need （need）,have to ought to be able toused tohad better,在情态动词的使用中, 我们要注意以下考点:,1. 表示推测的情态动词的使用。2. 表示征求的情态动词的用法。3.虚拟语气中情态动词的使用。4.情态动词短语的使用5. Dare 和 need 的用法。6. 情态动词的特殊用法7.部分情态动词的问与答,1.表示推测情态动词的重要用法.,1.我当时没
2、有听到电话，我肯定是睡着了,I didnt hear the telephone then .I must have fallen asleep then.,2. 他现在不可能在家。,He cant be at home now.,3.他也许正在考虑这个问题。,He may be thinking about the problem.,肯定，一定 可能，也许 不可能 可能吗？,must,对 现在状态 对现在正在 对过去,情态动词,may, might,cant, couldnt,can, could,+ do. 常见must be,+ do. + have done + be doing 可以
3、用not表示“可能不”,+do. + have done + be doing,+ do. + have done + be doing,+ be doing,+ have done,区别Cant( can not)May not,Is Tina leaving by bus?She should, but she _ not.A must B may C need D can,不可能(肯定不),可能不,典型错误,1. He mustnt be in the classroom. ( ),Cant,2. You might leave the bag on the bag. ( ),might
4、 have left,3. You must have seen the film last week, havet you? ( ),didnt you,4. Li ming must have been to Japan, didnt he?,(hasnt he),1.-Are you coming to Jeffs party? -Im not sure. I _ go to the concert instead.A.must B.would C.should D.might,D,2.Sorry, Im late. I _ have turned off the alarm clock
5、 and gone back to sleep again.A.might B.should C.can D.will,A,3.My English-Chinese dictionary has disappeared. Who _ have taken it? A.might B.must C.could D.would,C,表示 征求:,2. 表示征求意见的情态动词的用法。,1.Can ,may ,might ,could 各种人称could ,might 提问语气婉转，回答用can ,may2.Will ,would 用于第二人称。Will you join us in singing?
6、3.Shall 第一，三人称Shall I lead him to your office?,1. Could I borrow your dictionary? Yes, of course you _.A. might B. will C. can D. should2. Might I watch TV after supper? Yes, you _.A. may B. must C. might D. can,C,A,3.-The room is so dirty._ we clean it? -Of course.A.Will B.Shall C.Would D.Do,B,3. 用
7、于虚拟语气的情态动词:,should/ ought to have done shouldnt / oughtnt to have done might / could have doneneednt have done,本应该做（但事实没做） 本来不应该做（但事实却做了）本来可以做（但事实没这样做）本来不需要做（但事实却做了）,1. I was really anxious about you. You _ home without a word. A. mustnt leave B. shouldnt have left C. couldnt have left D. neednt lea
8、ve2. There was a lot of fun at yesterdays party. You _ come, but why didnt you?A. must have B. should C. need have D. ought to have,B,D,3.I stayed at a hotel while in New York. -Oh, did you? You _ with Barbara.A.could have stayed B.could stayC.would stay D.must have stayed4.I told Sally how to get h
9、ere, but perhaps I _ for her.had to write it out B. must have written it outC. should have written it out D. ought to write it out,A,C,5.As it turned out to be a small house party, we _ so formally.A neednt dress B. didnt have to dress upC. might not have dressed up D. neednt have dressed up,D,4. 情态
10、动词短语的使用:,Cant /couldnt too Cant /couldnt enough Cant help doing Cant help do May/might as well do,would like/love to dowould rather dowould rather + sb.+ did /had done sth.would prefer to do.had better do.,1. 过马路时再怎么小心也不为过。2.听到这个消息，孩子们情不自禁的跳起 来。3.我宁愿你明天不要参加这个会议。,You cant be too careful when crossing
11、 the street .,Hearing the news, the children couldnt help jumping.,I would rather (that) you didnt attend the meeting tomorrow.,改错:1. Would you like having some tea?2. I would prefer going to the lecture this evening.3. Id rather you to go to the meeting next time.4. He would rather to die than to g
12、ive in.5. Youd better to have your hair cut today.,Would you like to have some tea?,Id prefer to go to ., you went to .,He would rather die than give in.,Youd better have .,1.作为情态动词用，常用在否定句和疑问句中。,疑问句：Dare (need) +主语 +动词原形否定句：主语 + darent (neednt) +动词原形,I darent walk through the forest at night.Dare y
13、ou walk through the forest at night?You neednt return the book now.Need he go yesterday?,5 可兼做行为动词的情态动词：need 、 dare,2.dare,need作实义动词用，用于肯定，否定，疑问句，有人称、时态、和数的变化,后+ to do。,He dares to go there by himself.He has grown up,we dont need （to ）worry about him.,3.Sth need( want, require)+ doing/ to be done Th
14、e house needs cleaning/ to be cleaned The boy needs sending to the hospital at once.,1.判断正误:,How dare you say such a thing? How dare you to say such a thing?,He darent to speak English before such a crowd, did he?He darent speak English before such a crowd, dare he?,Exercises,1. -Dare you go out at
15、night? -_.A Yes, I do B No ,I dare not C No, I dont D Yes, I dare to 2. I wonder how he _ that to the teacher. A. dare to say B. dare saying C. not dare say D. dared say,B,D,6. 几个情态动词的特殊用法,Can 表示惊讶 “怎么能”How can you be so rude？2.Must 表示“偏偏，一定要”Tom , you must play the piano in the deep night.3.Should表
16、示惊讶“居然，竟然”4.will/would 表示经常性习惯性的动作“常常”wont, wouldnt 表示“怎么也不”,翻译：,1.Must you make so much noise?2.Why must you always argue with me?3.You can never imagine an honest boy like Thomas should cheat in the exam.4.However hard I tried, the door wouldnt open.,Shall用于第二、第三人称，有 “命令、警告、允诺”等意思,You shall return
17、 the book before Monday.,You shall fail if you dont work harder.,You shall get promoted if you work harder.,命令,警告,允诺,1. To our surprise, the painting drawn by him _ win the prize! A would B could C should D might2. May I turn on the TV set? If you _, turn it down a little. A should B could C may D m
18、ust,3.You cant imagine such a gentleman_treat an old man like that. should B. will C. need D must 4.How _ you say that you really understand the whole story if you have covered only part of the article?A.can B.must C.need D.may,A,A,5.When he was there, he _ go to that coffee shop at the corner after
19、 work everyday.A.would B. should C. had better D. might,A,7、部分情态动词的问与答,1）Need I?,Yes, you must.,No, you neednt.,2)Must I?,Yes, you must.,No, you neednt.(No, dont have to.),3)May I?,Yes, you may.=Yes, certainly/ of course.,No, you may not.,(4)Could I?,Yes, you can.,No, you cant.,(5)Might I?,Yes, you
20、may.,No, you may not.,Guess their meaning ?部分情态动词的否定式是情态动词中的考点之一,mustnt neednt cant may not shouldnt,不准, 禁止 没必要 ( = dont have to )不能; 不可能不可以; 可能不不应该 ( = ought not to ),Have a try!,4. He was a good swimmer so he _ swim to the river bank when the boat sank.A. could B. might C. should D. was able to6.
21、- _ this book be yours? - No, it _ not be mine. It _ be his.A. Can, must, may B. May, might, must C. Can, may, must D. Must, can, may10. You must be fifty, _? A. mustnt you B. neednt you C. arent you D. maynt you,He was a good swimmer so he _ swim to the river bank when the boat sank. A. could B. mi
22、ght C. should D. was able to 2. - _ this book be yours? - No, it _ not be mine. It _ be his.Can, must, may B. May, might, must C. Can, may, must D. Must, can, may,3. You must be fifty, _? A. mustnt you B. neednt you C. arent you D. maynt you4. He had known the matter before you told him, so you _ ha
23、ve told it to him. A. mustnt B. cant C. neednt D. shouldnt5. I did not call to make my airline reservation ，but I _. A. should have B. may have C. have to D. should,6) The room is in a terrible mess; it _cleaned. A) cant have been B) shouldnt have been C) mustnt have been D) wouldnt have been 7) You should bear in mind that he is not so strong as he_. A) was used to be B) used to be C) was used to D) use to 8) _ you continue in your efforts and achieve new and greater successes. A) Would B) Will C) May D) Should,
