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1、,Grammar,宾语从句和表语从句,一句子成分,动词作谓语,动词之前作主语,动词之后作宾语,am, is, are 之后做表语,修饰名词作定语,区别表语和宾语 表语也叫补语，是主语补足语，对主语进行补充说明。表语跟系动词连用，构成系表结构。 She is a student. She likes the student., is 是系动词，所以 a student是表语。, likes 是实义动词，所以the student 是宾语,常用的连系动词： 1表示状态存在的词：be，感官动词（look、smell、sound、feel、taste），seem、appear等等。 2、表示状态持续的
2、词：keep、prove、stay、 remain、turn （out）等等。 3、表示状态转变的词：become，come、fall、get、grow、make等等。,She looks nice. The leaves are turning brown.He cooks good meals.Its getting late. They owns all the cars.,如何区分宾语从句？,They know the teacher. 主语 谓语 宾语They know the teacher is a man . 主语 谓语 宾语从句句子做宾语就是宾语从句。,We know (th
3、at) Mr. Green teaches English.,宾语从句,1.作宾语的从句2.在主句谓语动词（及物动词）之后（或介词之后）,The reason is that he is a student.,表语从句,1.作表语的从句2.在连系动词之后3.作用：对主语进行解释说明,连接词：that,1.Please tell me you will go to the lecture tomorrow.2. It all depends on the sky will clear up.3. The question is the film is well worth seeing.4. H
4、e will be well tomorrow I am not sure.5. it is true remains a problem.,关联词比较,whether / if,whether / if,whether,whether,whether,whether,引导宾语从句时可互换.位于介词后要用whether.位于句首时要用whether.引导表语从句, 主语从句, 同位语从句时, 要用 whether.,单项选择 1.I dont know_ we can live on the island without any food.A.where B what C how D that
5、2.Could you tell me _?A Where is the part ? B Whos on duty ?C Whose book is this ? D What are they doing ?3. The teacher told us that the earth _around the sun.A moved B moves C move D moving4.Could you tell me _?A if he would come tomorrowB will he come tomorrowC whether he will come tomorrowD If h
6、e comes tomorrow5.I did nt know that Mr. Smith _yet.has returned B has returned C had returned D returned,B,B,C,C,C,1.We wonder how we shall do next.2.Could you tell me where are they having a picnic?3.I am sorry that I dont know you want to take part in the competition.4.Mr. Li seems that he is ver
7、y expert at repairing at computers.,what,didnt,they are,as if,The mothers question was that she has no time to look after her daughter.2.The question is whether that boy will turn up in time.3. Tom is no longer what he used to be .4.That is where I cant agree with you.,无义,是否,.的样子,的地方,动词+间接宾语+宾语从句She
8、 told me that she would accept my invitation.,1.作动词的宾语,2.作介词的宾语,Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another.,3.非谓语的宾语,4.形容词短语的宾语,3. It作为形式宾语,He has made it clear that he will not give in. See to it that children dont catch cold.,4.否定的转移,主句的谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, belie
9、ve, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等, 其后的宾语从句若含有否定词not, 一般要把否定词not转移到主句谓语上, 从句谓语用肯定.,I dont think this dress fits you well._?,5.doubt,一、宾语从句,1)引导词that 可省略,I hear (that) he will go to Shanghai tomorrow.,2) whether (if) 引导,I wonder whether you can change this note for me.,3)what I want to know what he h
10、as told you.,4)副词类Where when why how,5.虚拟语气下列动词Advise suggest propose insist order command prefer request require后的宾语从句中谓语用Should +do/be done They suggested that I should have a rest.比较His pale face suggested that he was ill.He advised that the work should be started early.Tom insisted that he _(be)
11、 right and _(not punish).,Was,Should not be punished,6. 疑问词ever引导Who/whom/which/what +ever区别：I cant understand what I heard.特指= all that /the .that He gives his son whatever he wants.泛指=Anything that I will give the chance to _ I think is honest. A. whoever B. whomever比较I know _ broke the window.We
12、will punish _ tells lies.,7. that不能省略的情况,1)and连接两个宾语从句,that宾语从句放在and后,Everybody could see what happened and that Tom was frightened.,2)that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时,I know nothing about him except that he is from the south.,3)that从句位于句首时,That he ever said such a thing I simply dont believe.,4)主句谓语动词与that从句之间有插入
13、语时,We decided, in view of his special circumstances, that we would admit him for a probationary.(试用）,We wonder how we shall do . Could you tell me where they are? We believe that they have finished their task, havent we ?4. I am sorry that I didnt know you want to join the Party.,找出下列句中的宾语从句,作业:用who
14、se, whom, what, how, that填空.,1.I think _ he will be all right in a few days. 2.Do you know _ they are waiting for? 3. He asked _ dictionary it was. 4. Please pay attention to _ the teacher said. 5. Can you tell me _ I can get to the railway station?,6.宾语从句的时态,1)主句用过去时,从句用一般过去时(如从句表示客观真理,可用现在时),Did y
15、ou see that the boys were playing football on the playground at that time? Yesterday Tom said that the earth goes round the sun.,2)主句为现在时时,从句可根据需要选用各种时态,I think that the Greens have left for Hawaii. I want to know if/whether he will go surfing this afternoon.,注意事项（二）,从句时态,主句时态,现在时/将来时,相应任何时态,过去时,相应过
16、去任何时态,宾语从句的注意事项（一）,句子类型,that,陈述句,一般疑问句,If/whether,特殊疑问词,特殊疑问句,practice,practise,经典试题,1.We cannot figure out_ quite a number of insects, birds, and animals are dying out. A. that B. as C. why D. when 2.A modern city has been set up in_ was a wasteland ten years ago. A. what B. which C. that D. where
17、3.Parents are taught to understand_important education is to their childrens future. A. that B. how C. such D. so 4.You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is _ I disagree. A. why B. where C. what D. how,C,A,B,B,5.I think Father would like to know_ Ive been up to so far, so I decide t
18、o send him a quick note. A. which B. why C. what D. how 6.The road is covered with snow. I cant understand_ they insist on going by motorbike. A.why B.whether C.when D.how 7.-Are you still thinking about yesterdays game? -Oh, thats_. A. what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited about C.
19、how I feel about it D. when I feel excited 8.People have heard what the President has said; they are waiting to see_ he will do. A. how B. that C. when D. what,C,A,A,D,9.-I think its going to be a big problem. -Yes, it could be. -I wonder _ we can do about it. A. if B. how C. what D. that 10.Perseve
20、rance is a kind of quality-and thats _ it takes to do anything well. A. what B. that C. which D. why 11.I really dont know _ I had this photo taken . A. where it was that B. it was that C. where it was D. it was why,b,A,A,12.Never take _for granted that I will help you. Better depend on yourself. A.
21、 that B. it C. which D. this 13.It looks _he is unhappy today. A. that B. if C. as if D. whether 14.These wild flowers are so special I would do_ I can to save them. A. whatever B. that C. which D. whichever 15.The old woman was shocked by _ had happened to her daughter. A. whom B. which C. that D.
22、what,B,C,A,D,表语从句,用做表语的从句叫表语从句,位置： 一般放在系动词be 后.,The problem is that we have little money.That is what he wants us to do.That is where she got her masters degree.,表语从句的连接词( 四大类),that 引导的表语从句, 本身无意义, 但不能省略. 2. whether 引导的表语从句意为: “是否”. 不能 用 if 替代.what , which ,who, whom, whose可在表语从句中充当“ 主语, 宾语,定语, 有自己的
23、词义.4. where ,when, why, how 在表语从句中可充当时间, 地点,方式, 原因状语.,特殊用法:,1.because 引导的表语从句.的结构.2.as if / as though引导的表语从句常在连系 动词 look , seem, sound , 后面.,My anger is because you havent finished your homework.,It seemed as if the brothers were playing a joke on Henry.,1. I think it is unnecessary for me to speak
24、louder. 2. His mother is satisfied with he has done.3. he was able to come made us happy.4. This is makes us interested.5. The reason was Tod had never seen the million pound note before.,what / that,that,what,what,that,That,who / whoever,1.The competition is coming. will attend the meeting hasnt be
25、en decided yet.2. I believe takes part in the competition will try his best. what / whatever3. Can you tell me you d like to order? happens, dont be surprised.All the food here is delicious. Just order you like.,Who,whoever,what,Whatever,Whatever,经典试题,1.We cannot figure out_ quite a number of insect
26、s, birds, and animals are dying out. A. that B. as C. why D. when 2.A modern city has been set up in_ was a wasteland ten years ago. A. what B. which C. that D. where 3.Parents are taught to understand_important education is to their childrens future. A. that B. how C. such D. so 4.You are saying th
27、at everyone should be equal, and this is _ I disagree. A. why B. where C. what D. how,C,A,B,B,5.I think Father would like to know_ Ive been up to so far, so I decide to send him a quick note. A. which B. why C. what D. how 6.The road is covered with snow. I cant understand_ they insist on going by m
28、otorbike. A. why B. whether C. when D. how 7.-Are you still thinking about yesterdays game? -Oh, thats_. A. what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited about C. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited 8.People have heard what the President has said; they are waiting to see_ he will do.
29、A. how B. that C. when D. what,C,A,A,D,9.-I think its going to be a big problem. -Yes, it could be. -I wonder _ we can do about it. A. if B. how C. what D. that 10.Perseverance is a kind of quality-and thats _ it takes to do anything well. A. what B. that C. which D. why 11.I really dont know _ I ha
30、d this photo taken . A. where it was that B. it was that C. where it was D. it was why,C,A,A,12.Never take _for granted that I will help you. Better depend on yourself. A. that B. it C. which D. this 13.It looks _he is unhappy today. A. that B. if C. as if D. whether 14.These wild flowers are so spe
31、cial I would do_ I can to save them. A. whatever B. that C. which D. whichever 15.The old woman was shocked by _ had happened to her daughter. A. whom B. which C. that D. what,B,C,A,D,Homework,1. Workbook Exercise II.Complete this story using noun clauses.2. Page 35 in Exercise Book Exercise II.Compare and complete the following pairs of sentences.,Homework:,FINISH THE PAPERS.,
