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1、Franklin D. Roosevelt,Content,People biography,Franklin Delano Roosevelt (January 30, 1882 April 12, 1945; ) was the 32nd President of the United States and a central figure in world events during the mid-20th century, leading the United States during a time of worldwide economic crisis and world wa
2、r. The only American president elected to more than two terms, he was often referred to by his initials, FDR. Roosevelt won his first of four presidential elections in 1932, while the United States was in the depths of the Great Depression. FDRs combination of optimism and economic activism is often
3、 credited with keeping the countrys economic crisis from developing into a political crisis. He led the United States through most of World War II, and died in office of a cerebral hemorrhage shortly before the war ended,.,Profile,Nickname: FDR (Americans usually call it, it was its name abbreviatio
4、n FDR)Date and place of birth: January 30, 1882, Hyde Park, New YorkThe date and place of the death: April 12, 1945, Warm SpringsFather: James RooseveltMother: Sara Delano RooseveltBrothers: James Roosevelt Roosevelt (half,1854-1927)Lady: Anna Eleanor Roosevelt (1884-1962), married on March 17, 1905
5、Children: four sons and one daughter,Religion: Episcopalian Protestant EpiscopalianEducation: Graduated from Harvard College (1903); and then Columbia Law SchoolOccupation: officials, lawyers, the President of the United StatesHeight: 188cmPolitical parties: the Democratic PartyOther Government Posi
6、tions: a member of the New York State Legislature (1911-1913)The Navy Assistant Minister (1913-1920)Governor of New York (1929-1933),Disabled in body Strong in mind,In 1921, at the age of 39, Roosevelt contracted polio(脊髓灰质炎) while on a vacation in Nova Scotia（坎波贝洛岛）,What is polio?,Polio is a seriou
7、s infectious disease that often makes people unable to use their legs,Disabled in body Strong in mind,In the fall of 1921:Decision:Political life Rehabilitation(复原) process,Background:During the 1920s, disability was frowned upon. Often disabled family members were put into asylums and banished from
8、 the family. The disabled were not employable and were often removed from society.,Disabled in body Strong in mind,FDR began to move up on the political ladder. More citizens were sympathetic to his condition rather than embarrassed. Fueled by Americas “good cheer” and acceptance, FDR gained more co
9、nfidence in his political career and ran for governor of New York in 1928. His disability did not affect his votes and as a result, he held the governorship for two terms until he decided to run for President in the 1932 election ,In 1924, he supported New York State Governor Al Smith in the Democra
10、tic Convention,The first public appearance:,From then on,Disabled in body Strong in mind,FDR used a special wheelchair he designed himself.,In private,Disabled in body Strong in mind,In public,Using the cane instead of wheelchair to assure America that he was capable. He never wanted Americans to ge
11、t the impression that he was helpless,Disabled in body Strong in mind,Charity work,2. National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis (Now, its known as the March of Dimes),1. Warm Springs Foundation,Disabled in body Strong in mind,Disabled or not, FDR became a symbol of strength and perseverance to Ame
12、ricans, showing them that “You gain strength, courage and confidence by every experience in which you really stop to look fear in the face. You are able to say to yourself, I have lived through this horror. I can take the next thing that comes along.You must do the thing you think you cannot do”,Tra
13、nsformational Politician,President Franklin D. Roosevelt came to office in 1933 amid the economic calamity of the Great Depression, offering the nation a New Deal (新政）intended to alleviate economic desperation and joblessness, provide greater opportunities, and restore prosperity.,Inaugural address,
14、 “The only thing we have to fear is fear itself.”,Roosevelts policies,Relief: for the needy, provided jobs for the unemployed, protected farmers from foreclosureRecovery: economic, get the economy back into high gearReform: financial, to regulate banks, abolish child labor, conserve farm lands,First
15、 Hundred Days,March 9 June 16, 1933Congress passed more than 15 major pieces of New Deal legislationSignificantly expanded the federal governments role in the nations economy,Fireside chats radio talks about issues of public concern; explained New Deal; Americans felt like FDR was speaking directly
16、to them,Prohibition Repealed - 1933,In order to raise government revenues by taxing alcohol; 21st Amendment passed,Impact: The New Deal,Government responsibility:for the health, welfare, and security, as well as the protection and education of its citizensExtension of Democracy:defined the concept o
17、f democracy; it now included not only political rights but economic security and social justice as wellRevitalized politics:Reasserted presidential leadershipParties seen as vehicle for the popular will, instrument for effective action,他推翻的先例比任何人都多，他砸烂的古老结构比任何人都多，他对美国整个面貌的改变比任何人都要迅猛而激烈。然而正是他最深切地相信，美
18、国这座建筑物从整个来说，是相当美好的。 -美国著名记者约翰逊,World War ,On December 7, 1941, the Japanese attacked the U.S. Pacific Fleet at Pearl Harbor, destroying or damaging 16 warships, including most of the fleets battleships, and killing almost 3000 American military personnel and civilians.,It is at this time Roosevelt g
19、ave the famous “Infamy Speech“(国耻演说). Within an hour of the speech, Congress passed a formal declaration of war against Japan and officially brought the U.S. into World War II.,Peaceful Warrior,Cairo Conference,Roosevelt met with Churchill in late December and planned a broad informal alliance betwe
20、en the U.S., Britain, China and the Soviet Union(苏联). The aim of crushing Nazi Germany between two fronts; and saving China and defeating Japan.,蒋介石，罗斯福和丘吉尔缔结同盟,Cairo Declaration,The Cairo Declaration was the outcome of the Cairo Conference,They covet no gain for themselves and have no thought of te
21、rritorial expansion. It is their purpose that Japan shall be stripped of all the islands in the Pacific which she has seized or occupied since the beginning of the first World War in 1914, and that all the territories Japan has stolen from the Chinese, such as Manchuria（满洲）, Formosa（台湾）, and The Pes
22、cadores(澎湖列岛), shall be restored to the Republic of China.,Tehran Conference,Roosevelt and Churchill told Stalin about the plan to invade France in 1944, and Roosevelt also discussed his plans for a post-war peace international organization the United Nations,Yalta Conference in1945,The Big Three Al
23、lied leaders (Stalin, Roosevelt and Churchill )About post-war planning,1945.4.12 Roosevelt returned to the Hyde Park where he was born and stayed here forever.,As later said, “so ended an era, and so began another.” Allen Drury 一个时代以此而结束，另一个时代以此而开始。,The Four Freedom,Freedom of speechFreedom of worsh
24、ipFreedom from wantFreedom from fear,在华盛顿的富兰克林罗斯福纪念馆里刻在墙上四大自由，由上而下是：言论自由、信仰自由、免于匮乏的自由、免于恐惧的自由,Famous Quotes,We cannot always build the future for our youth , but we can build our youth for the future .我们不能总是为我们的青年造就美好未来，但我们能够为未来造就我们的青年一代。,The only limit to our realization of tomorrow will be our doubts of today .实现明天理想的唯一障碍是今天的疑虑。,Theonly thingweshould fearisfearitself. 我们唯一值得恐惧的就是恐惧本身,Thank You for Listening!,
