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1、Lecture Six,Washington Irving,By 张慧 ,Contents,Washington IrvingBiographical IntroductionIrvings writing career, major works and styleAppreciating The Legend of Sleepy HollowIrvings contributions to American Literature,Washington Irving (1783-1859),Short story writerEssayistBiographerHistorian,Biogra
2、phical Introduction (1),Family and Education BackgroundBorn into a wealthy New York merchant family as the youngest of eleven children Well-educatedstudied law at 16 and led for a time the leisurely life of a lawyerReads widely, writes essays and poems from a very early age,Working ExperienceIn 1815
3、, went to Europe to take care of his family business, which turned out to be a failureIn 1818, he started to write to support himself and his familySpent seventeen years (1815-1832) in Britain, France, Germany, Italy, and Spain,Biographical Introduction (2),Biographical Introduction (3),1826-1829, w
4、orking as diplomatic attache in Spain 1829-1831, working as secretary of the United States Legation in LondonExplored local traditions, customs, and folkloreAccumulated lots of material for writing,公使,大使,Late yearsIn 1832, returned to AmericaDeclined a nomination to Congress and to run for the Mayor
5、 of New YorkMade his home at Sunnyside on the Hudson River at TarrytownSpent the rest of his life leisurely and comfortably except for a period of four years (1842-1846) when he was away from home as Minister to Spain,Biographical Introduction (4),Irvings home at Sunnyside,Irvings writing career,Maj
6、or phase: 1809-1832 conservative draw inspirations from the ruins and relics of Europewrote about subjects either English or EuropeanThe Sketch Book (1819-1820)Minor phase: 1832-1859 Returned to America and influenced by the new spirit of nationalism Wrote about the American West, “American Books”A
7、Tour on the Prairies 1835,Major Works of Washington Irving,The Sketch Book (1819-1820)Rip Van WinkleThe Legend of Sleepy HollowThe History of the Life and Voyages of Christopher Columbus (1828) A Tour on the Prairies (1835)Life of Goldsmith (1840) Life of George Washington (1855-1859),Irvings Writin
8、g Style,Beautiful“The style is the man”Gentility, urbanity, pleasantnessToneavoid moralizing as much as possiblewrote to amuse and entertain (humor) Atmosphere Simple plot enveloped in rich atmosphereCharactersvivid and trueLanguagePolished, musical and humorous,Reading P64.,Appreciating The Legend
9、of Sleepy Hollow,A General IntroductionSetting PlotStructure Major CharactersEndingLanguageTheme,A General Introduction,First published in 1820 as the longest tale in The Sketch BookOne of the earliest American short stories still read todayHad been adapted into films for many timesThe Adventures of
10、 Ichabod and Mr. Toad (1949) by Walt DisneySleepy Hollow (1999) by American Paramount,1999 edition filmJohnnyDepp starred Ichabod Crane,TimeThe story is set around 1790 Place in the Dutch settlement of Tarry Town, New Yorka secluded valley called Sleepy Hollow,Setting,Plot,It tells the story of Icha
11、bod Crane, a lean, lanky, and extremely superstitious schoolmaster from Connecticut, who competes with Brom Bones, the town rowdy, for the hand of 18-year-old Katrina Van Tassel, the daughter and sole child of a wealthy farmer, Baltus Van Tassel.,Ichabod and Katrina,Language (reading P70.),PolishedH
12、umorous VividMusical,Introduction: settingDevelopmentdramatic situation (conflict)Development (climax) End,Structure,Major Characters in The Legend of Sleepy Hollow,Ichabod CraneBrom Van BruntKatrina Van TesselHeadless Horseman,Ichabod Crane,Identitya school teacher in the Sleepy Hollow, coming from
13、 Connecticut (a New Englander)Figure Ridiculous: tall and exceedingly lank, clumsy and ugly PersonalitySelf-assertive Timid Greedy ShrewdAn interloperStands for the destructive force in village life,IdentityA native in the Sleepy HollowAn admirer of beautiful Katrina Van TesselFigurestrong and stout
14、,Brom Van Brunt - Brom Bones (1),PersonalityBoisterous“Always ready for either a fight or a frolic” (81) Mischievous but inwardly good“More mischief than ill-will in his composition” (81) Rough but humorous “over-bearing roughness” “Strong dash of waggish good humor at bottom” (81)Country Bumpkin: a
15、 frontier type,Brom Van Brunt - Brom Bones (2),Daughter of a rich farmerYoung, beautiful, charmingdesired by almost every eligible young man in Sleepy Hollow,Katrina Van Tessel,Headless Horseman,MysteriousHorrible“Thread” of the story,Ending,Comedic and Happy endingunion and harmonyMarriagenot neces
16、sary but powerful expression of happinessharmony, peace and happiness trouble began trouble solved harmony,Theme,Men trying to find love in the wrong placethe clash between the city and the country, between civilization and the wilderness.Abundance of Resources in AmericaThe lack of class structure
17、in America,Irvings Contributions to American literature,“Father of the American literature”The first great prose stylist of American romanticism The first great belletrist (write for pleasure)The first American writer of imaginative literature to gain international fameThe short story as a genre in American literature probably began with Irvings The Sketch Book The Sketch Book is believed as the first great American juvenile literature that marked the beginning of American romanticism.,Thanks for your attention!,
